GUI 编程
告诉大家该怎么学?
- 这是什么?
- 它怎么玩
- 该如何去在我们平时运用?
- class-可阅读的
组件
- 窗口
- 弹窗
- 面板
- 文本框
- 列表框
- 按钮
- 图片
- 监听时间
- 鼠标
- 键盘事件
- 外挂
- 破解工具
1、简介
Gui的核心技术: Swing AWT
- 因为界面不美观
- 需要jre环境
为什么我们要学习?
- 可以写出自己心中想要的小工具
- 工作时候,也可能需要维护到swing界面,概率极小!
- 了解MVC架构,了解监听!
2、AWT
2.1、 AWT介绍
- 包含了很多类和接口! GUI!
- 元素:窗口,按钮,文本框
- java.awt
2.2、 组件和容器
1、 Frame
package lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
//GUI 的第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Frame, JDK, 看源码!
Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图像界面窗口");
//需要设置可见性 w h
frame.setVisible(true);
//设置窗口大小
frame.setSize(400,400);
//设置颜色 Color
frame.setBackground(new Color(85,150,68));
//弹出的初始位置
frame.setLocation(200,200);
//设置大小固定
frame.setResizable(false);// 这样就不能通过拉到边框放大和缩小了
}
}
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问题:发现窗口关闭不掉,方法结束java运行
尝试回顾封装:
package lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFrame02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//展示多个窗口 new
MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.blue);
MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.blue);
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
static int id = 0; // 可能存在多个窗口, 我们需要一个计算器
public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){//构造器
super("Myframe+"+(++id));//每new一个自增1
setBackground(color);
setBounds(x,y,w,h);
setVisible(true);
}
}
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2、面板Panel
解决了关闭事件
package lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;
//Panel 可以看成一个空间,但是不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//布局的概念
Panel panel = new Panel();
//设置布局
frame.setLayout(null);//先设置成默认,默认是置顶
//坐标
frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
frame.setBackground(new Color(70, 212, 23));
//panel 设置坐标,相对于frame
panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
panel.setBackground(new Color(245, 9, 35));
//frame.add(panel)
frame.add(panel);
frame.setVisible(true);//设置可见性
//监听事件,监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
//适配器模式:
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
super.windowClosing(e);
//结束程序
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
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2.3、布局管理器
- 流式布局
package lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestFlowLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//组件-按钮
Button button1 = new Button("button1");
Button button2 = new Button("button2");
Button button3 = new Button("button3");
//设置为流失布局
//frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());//默认是按钮居中
//frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));//设置到左边
frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
frame.setSize(200,200);
//把按钮添加上去
frame.add(button1);
frame.add(button2);
frame.add(button3);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
super.windowClosing(e);
//结束程序
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
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- 东西南北中
package lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestBorderLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame testBorderLayout = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
Button east = new Button("East");
Button west = new Button("West");
Button south = new Button("South");
Button north = new Button("North");
Button center = new Button("Center");
testBorderLayout.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
testBorderLayout.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
testBorderLayout.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
testBorderLayout.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
testBorderLayout.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
testBorderLayout.setSize(200,200);
testBorderLayout.setVisible(true);
}
}
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- 表格布局
package lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestGrid {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("TestGridLayout");
Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));//3行2列
frame.add(btn1);
frame.add(btn2);
frame.add(btn3);
frame.add(btn4);
frame.add(btn5);
frame.add(btn6);
frame.pack();//Java函数!它会自动布局
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
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Testwork
package lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class 布局作业 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//总的 Frame窗
Frame ababa= new Frame("ababa");
ababa.setSize(400,300);
ababa.setLocation(300,400);
ababa.setBackground(Color.BLACK);
ababa.setVisible(true);
ababa.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));//2行1列
//4个面板
Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
//上面OK
p1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
p1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
p2.add(new Button("P2-btn-1"));
p2.add(new Button("P2-btn-2"));
p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
//下面
p3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
p3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
//中间4个
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
p4.add(new Button("for-"+i));
}
p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
ababa.add(p1);
ababa.add(p3);
ababa.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
super.windowClosing(e);
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
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总结:
- Frame是一个顶级窗口
- Panel无法单独显示,必须添加到某个容器中。
- 布局管理器
- 流式
- 东西南北中
- 表格
- 大小,定位,背景颜色,可见性,监听!
2.4、事件监听
事件监听:当某个事情发送的时候,干什么?
package Lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionEvent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//按下按钮,触发一些事件
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button button = new Button();
frame.setSize(400,400);
frame.setLocation(400,300);
//因为,addActionListener()需要一个ActionListener,所以我们需要构造一个ActionListener
MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
button.addActionListener(myActionListener);//button里面添加事件
frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.pack();
WindowClose(frame);//关闭窗口
frame.setVisible(true);
}
//关闭窗体的事件
private static void WindowClose(Frame frame){
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
super.windowClosing(e);
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("aaa");
}
}
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多个按钮,共享一个事件
package Lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionTwo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//两个按钮,实现同一个监听
//开始 停止
Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
Button button1 = new Button("start");
Button button2 = new Button("stop");
//可以显示的定义触发会放回命令,如果不显示定义,则会走默认的值!
//可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");
MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);
frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.setSize(400,400);
frame.setLocation(400,300);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//e.getActionCommand() 获得按钮的信息
System.out.println("按钮被点击了:msg=>"+e.getActionCommand());
if(e.getActionCommand().equals("stop")){
System.out.println("....");
}
}
//关闭窗体的事件
private static void WindowClose(Frame frame){
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
super.windowClosing(e);
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
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2.5、输入框TestField
package Lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestText01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//启动!
new MyFrame();
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
public MyFrame(){
TextField textField = new TextField();
add(textField);
//监听这个文本框输入的文字
MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
//按下enter 就会触发这个输入框的事件
textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);
//设置替换编码
textField.setEchoChar('*');
setVisible(true);
pack();
}
}
class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
TextField field= (TextField) e.getSource();//获得一些资源,返回的一个对象
System.out.println(field.getText());//获得输入框中的文本
field.setText("");//null,回车就清空原来输入的
}
}
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2.6、简易计算器,组合+内部类回顾复习!
oop原则:组合,大于基础!
class A extends B{
}//继承
class A{
public B b
} //组合
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目前代码
package Lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator();
}
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
public Calculator() {
//3 个文本框
TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//最多能填10个字符
TextField num2 = new TextField(10);
TextField num3 = new TextField(20);
//1 个按钮
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1,num2,num3));
//1个 标签
Label label = new Label("+");
//布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());//流式布局
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
//监听器期类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
//获取三个变量
private TextField num1,num2,num3;
public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1,TextField num2, TextField num3) {
this.num1=num1;
this.num2=num2;
this.num3=num3;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.获取加数和被加数
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
//2.将这个值加法运算后,放到第三个款
num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
//3.清除钱两个框
num1.setText("");
num2.setText("");
}
}
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完全改造为面向对象写法
package Lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator().loadFrame();
}
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
//属性
TextField num1,num2,num3;
//方法
public void loadFrame(){
num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
//1 个按钮
Button button = new Button("=");
//1 个标签
Label label = new Label("+");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));
//布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
//监听器期类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
//获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另外一个类:
Calculator calculator = null;
public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator) {
this.calculator = calculator;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.获取加数和被加数
//2.将这个值加法运算后,放到第三个款
//3.清除钱两个框
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
calculator.num1.setText("");
calculator.num2.setText("");
}
}
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内部类
- 更好的包装
package Lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator().loadFrame();
}
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
//属性
TextField num1,num2,num3;
//方法
public void loadFrame(){
num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
//1 个按钮
Button button = new Button("=");
//1 个标签
Label label = new Label("+");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());
//布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
//监听器期类
//内部类最大的好处,就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部类的属性和方法
private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.获取加数和被加数
//2.将这个值加法运算后,放到第三个款
//3.清除钱两个框
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
num1.setText("");
num2.setText("");
}
}
}
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2.7 画笔
package Lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestPaint {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyPaint().loadFrame();//loadFrame() 加载
}
}
class MyPaint extends Frame{
public void loadFrame(){
setBounds(200,200,600,400);//设置大小
setVisible(true);
}
//画笔
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//super.paint(g);
//画笔,需要有颜色,画笔可以画画
//g.setColor(Color.red);
g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);
g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);//实心的圆
//g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
g.fillRect(150,200,200,200);
//养成习惯,画笔用完,将他还原到最初的颜色
}
}
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2.8、鼠标监听
目的:想要实现鼠标画画!
package Lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyFrame("画图");
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
ArrayList points;
public MyFrame(String title) {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
super(title);
setBounds(200, 200, 400, 400);
//存鼠标产生的点
points=new ArrayList<>();
this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
setVisible(true);
}
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//画画,监听鼠标事件
Iterator iterator=points.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
Point point=(Point)iterator.next();
g.setColor(Color.cyan);
g.fillOval(point.x, point.y, 10, 10);
}
}
//添加一个点到界面上面
public void addPaint(Point point) {
points.add(point);
}
//适配器模式
private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
//按下,弹起,按住不放
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
MyFrame myFrame=(MyFrame)e.getSource();
//点击的时候,界面上产生一个点
myFrame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
//没次点击鼠标都需要重画一遍
myFrame.repaint();
}
}
}
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2.9、 窗口监听
package Lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestWindow {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new WindowFrame();
}
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame{
public WindowFrame() {
setBackground(Color.blue);
setBounds(100,100,200,200);
setVisible(true);
//addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
this.addWindowListener(//this, 就是本身,然后本身加入这个方法,就是匿名内部类
//匿名内部类,建议这么写
new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {
//super.windowOpened(e);
System.out.println("windowOpened");
}
@Override
//关闭窗口
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//super.windowClosing(e);
System.out.println("windowClosing");
System.exit(0);
}
@Override
public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {
//super.windowClosed(e);
System.out.println("windowClosed");
}
@Override
//激活窗口
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
//super.windowActivated(e);
WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
source.setTitle("被激活了");
System.out.println("windowActivated");//激活
}
}
);
}
/* 内部类
class MyWindowListener extends WindowAdapter{
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//super.windowClosing(e);
//setVisible(false); //隐藏窗口,通过按钮,隐藏当前窗口
System.exit(0);//正常退出
}
}
*/
}
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2.10、 键盘监听
package Lesson03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
//键
public class TestKeyListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new KeyFrame();
}
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
public KeyFrame() {
setBounds(1,2,300,400);
setVisible(true);
this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
//键盘按下
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
//获得键盘按下的键是哪一个,当前的码
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//不需要去记这个数值,直接使用静态属性 VK_XXX
System.out.println(keyCode);
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
System.out.println("你按下了上键");
}
//根据按下不同操作,产生不同结果:
}
});
}
}
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3、Swing
3.1、窗口、面板
package Lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JFrameDemo {
//int(); 初始化
public void init(){
JFrame jf = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame 窗口");
jf.setVisible(true);
jf.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
jf.setBackground(Color.cyan);
//设置文字 Jlabel
JLabel label = new JLabel("阿巴阿巴阿巴",SwingConstants.CENTER);
jf.add(label);
//关闭事件
jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//建立一个窗口
new JFrameDemo().init();
}
}
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标签居中
package Lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JframeDemo02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyJframe2().inti();
}
}
class MyJframe2 extends JFrame{
public void inti(){
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(10,10,200,200);
JLabel label = new JLabel("阿巴阿巴阿巴",SwingConstants.CENTER);
//让文本标签居中,设置水平对齐
//label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
//关闭事件
this.add(label);
//获得一个容器
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
}
}
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3.2、弹窗
JDialog,用来被弹出,默认就有关闭事件
package Lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
public DialogDemo() {//构造器
this.setVisible(true);
//this.setSize(700,500);
this.setBounds(100,100,700,500);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//JFrame 发东西,容器
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//绝对布局
container.setLayout(null);
//按钮
JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");//创建
button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);
//点击这个按钮的时候,弹出一个弹窗, 这里就需要一个监听器去赋予按钮这个功能
button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//弹窗
new MyDialogDemo();
}
});
container.add(button);//容器里面加入按钮
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new DialogDemo();
}
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
public MyDialogDemo() {
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
//this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);// 里面自带了,所以这个是多余的
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setLayout(null);
container.add(new Label("阿巴阿巴阿巴"));
}
}
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3.3、 标签
label
new JLabel("xxx");
1
图标 ICON
package Lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
//图标,需要实现类,Frame 继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
private int width;
private int height;
public IconDemo(){}//无参构造
public IconDemo(int width, int height){
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
}
public void init(){
this.setBounds(100,100,700,500);
IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
//图标放在标签上,也可以放在按钮上!
JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container container = getContentPane();
container.add(label);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new IconDemo().init();
}
public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y){
g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
}
public int getIconWidth(){
return this.width;
}
public int getIconHeight(){
return this.height;
}
}
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图片ICON
package Lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
public ImageIconDemo() {
//获取图片的地址
JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("timg.jpg");
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
label.setIcon(imageIcon);
label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);//居中显示
Container container = getContentPane();
container.add(label);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100,100,200,200);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ImageIconDemo();
}
}
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3.4、面板
JPanel
package Lesson04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JPaneDemo extends JFrame {
public JPaneDemo(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//后面的参数的意思,间距
JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
panel.add(new JButton("1"));
panel.add(new JButton("1"));
panel.add(new JButton("1"));
container.add(panel);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setVisible(true);
setBounds(100,100,500,500);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JPaneDemo();
}
}
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JScrollPanel
package Lesson05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
public JScrollDemo() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//文本域
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
textArea.setText("阿巴阿巴阿巴");
//Scroll面板
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
container.add(scrollPane);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JScrollDemo();
}
}
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3.5、 按钮
图片按钮
package Lesson05;
import Lesson04.ImageIconDemo;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo01() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//将一个图片变为图标
URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("timg.jpg");
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
//把这个图标放在按钮上
JButton button = new JButton();
button.setIcon(imageIcon);
button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");
//add
container.add(button);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setBounds(100,100,500,300);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo01();
}
}
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- 单项按钮
package Lesson05;
import Lesson04.ImageIconDemo;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo02(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//将一个图片变为图标
URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("timg.jpg");
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
//单选框
JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");
JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");
JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");
//由于单选框只能选择一个,所以需要分组,一个组中只能选择一个
ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
group.add(radioButton1);
group.add(radioButton2);
group.add(radioButton3);//如果不加入这个,那就都可以选择了
container.add(radioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
container.add(radioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
container.add(radioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,500,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo02();
}
}
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- 复选按钮
3.6、 列表
- 下拉框
package Lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
public TestComboboxDemo01(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//下拉框
JComboBox status = new JComboBox();
status.addItem(null);
status.addItem("正在上映");
status.addItem("已下架");
status.addItem("即将上映");
container.add(status);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,500,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestComboboxDemo01();
}
}
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- 列表框
package Lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;
public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
public TestComboboxDemo02(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//生成列表的内容 稀疏数组,压缩数据
//String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};//静态
Vector<Object> contents = new Vector();//也可以放动态的变量
//列表中需要放入内容
JList jList = new JList(contents);
contents.add("张三");
contents.add("list");
contents.add("wangwu");
container.add(jList);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestComboboxDemo02();
}
}
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- 应用场景
- 选择地区,或者一些单个选项
- 列表,展示信息;一般是动态扩容!
3.7、 文本框
- 文本框
package Lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
public TestTextDemo01(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
JTextField textField = new JTextField("hello");
JTextField textField2 = new JTextField("world",20);
container.add(textField,BorderLayout.NORTH);
container.add(textField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTextDemo01();
}
}
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- 密码框
package Lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
public TestTextDemo02(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
// 面板
JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField(); // ****
passwordField.setEchoChar('*');
container.add(passwordField);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTextDemo02();
}
}
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- 文本域
package Lesson06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo03 extends JFrame {
public TestTextDemo03(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//文本域
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
textArea.setText("阿巴阿巴阿巴");
//Scroll面板
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
container.add(scrollPane);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(400,350);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTextDemo03();
}
}
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贪吃蛇
帧,如果时间片足够小,就是动画,一秒30帧 60帧。连起来是动画,拆开就是静态的图片!
监听监听
定时器 Timer
-
定义数据
-
画上去
-
监听事件
键盘
事件
package snake;
import javax.swing.*;
//游戏的主启动类
public class StartGame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
frame.setResizable(false);//窗口大小不可变
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//正常游戏界面都应该在面上!
frame.add(new GamePanel());
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
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package snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Random;
//游戏的面板
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {
//定义蛇的数据结构
int length;
int [] snake_x = new int[600];//x坐标
int [] snake_y = new int[600];//y坐标
String dir ;
//游戏当前的状态:开始或者停止
boolean isStart = false;//默认暂停
boolean isFail = false;//游戏失败状态
//食物的坐标
int food_x;
int food_y;
Random random = new Random();
int score;
//定时器
Timer timer = new Timer(100, this);//100ms执行一次定时器
public GamePanel(){
init();
//获得焦点和键盘事件
this.setFocusable(true);//获得焦点事件
this.addKeyListener(this);//获得键盘监听事件
timer.start();
}
//初始化
public void init(){
length = 3;
snake_x[0] = 100;snake_y[0] = 100; //脑袋的坐标
snake_x[1] = 75;snake_y[1] = 100; //第一个身体的坐标
snake_x[2] = 50;snake_y[2] = 100; //第二个身体的坐标
dir = "R";
//让食物位置初始化
food_x=25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
food_y=75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
score=0;
}
//绘制面板,游戏由这个画笔来画
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);//清屏
this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
//绘制静态面板
Data.header.paintIcon(this, g, 25, 11);//头部图片
g.fillRect(25, 75, 850, 600);//默认游戏界面
//画积分
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 18));
g.drawString("长度:"+length, 750, 35);
g.drawString("分数:"+score, 750, 50);
//画食物
Data.food.paintIcon(this, g, food_x, food_y);
//画小蛇
if(dir.equals("R")){
Data.right.paintIcon(this, g, snake_x[0],snake_y[0]);
}else if(dir.equals("L")){
Data.left.paintIcon(this, g, snake_x[0],snake_y[0]);
}if(dir.equals("U")){
Data.up.paintIcon(this, g, snake_x[0],snake_y[0]);
}if(dir.equals("D")){
Data.down.paintIcon(this, g, snake_x[0],snake_y[0]);
}
for(int i=1 ; i < length ; i++){
Data.body.paintIcon(this, g, snake_x[i],snake_y[i]);
}
//游戏状态
if(!isStart){
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 40));
g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏",300,300);
}
if (isFail){
g.setColor(Color.RED);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 40));
g.drawString("游戏失败,按下空格重新开始",300,300);
}
}
//键盘监听类
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){
if (isFail){
isFail=false;
init();
}else{
isStart = !isStart;//取反
}
repaint();
}
if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
dir="U";
}else if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
dir="D";
}else if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
dir="L";
}else if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
dir="R";
}
}
@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
}
//事件监听--需要
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (isStart && !isFail){
//吃食物
if (snake_x[0]==food_x&&snake_y[0]==food_y){
length++;
//再次随机食物
score+=10;
food_x=25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
food_y=75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
}
//移动
for (int i = length-1; i >0;i--){
snake_x[i]=snake_x[i-1];//向前移动一节
snake_y[i]=snake_y[i-1];
}
if(dir.equals("R")){
snake_x[0]=snake_x[0]+25;
if(snake_x[0]>850){ snake_x[0]=25; }
}else if (dir.equals("L")){
snake_x[0]=snake_x[0]-25;
if(snake_x[0]<25){ snake_x[0]=850; }
}else if (dir.equals("U")){
snake_y[0]=snake_y[0]-25;
if(snake_y[0]<75){ snake_y[0]=650; }
}else if (dir.equals("D")){
snake_y[0]=snake_y[0]+25;
if(snake_y[0]>650){ snake_y[0]=75; }
}
repaint();
}
//失败判断
for (int i=1;i<length;i++){
if (snake_x[0]==snake_x[i] && snake_y[0]==snake_y[i]){
isFail=true;
}
}
timer.start();//定时器开始
}
}
pack`在这里插入代码片`age snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Date;
//写一个数据中心
public class Data {
//相对路径
//绝对路径
public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/header.png");
public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);
public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/up.png");
public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/down.png");
public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/left.png");
public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("/statics/right.png");
public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);
public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);
public static URL bodyURL = Date.class.getResource("/statics/body.png");
public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
public static URL foodURL = Date.class.getResource("/statics/food.png");
public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);
}