如何在列表根据条件筛选数据(1)

最新推荐文章于 2021-10-21 09:15:39 发布

songhao8080

最新推荐文章于 2021-10-21 09:15:39 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/songhao8080/article/details/103670198

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实际案例

在实际开发过程中，常常遇到如下几种情况：

过滤掉列表[3, 9, -1, 10, 20, -2, ...]中的负数；
筛选出字典{‘Jack’:79, 'Jim':88, 'Lucy':92, ...}中值高于90的键值对；
筛选出集合{77, 89, 32, 20, ...}中能被3整除的元素。

故应学会在列表、字典和集合中根据条件筛选数据。

Python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from random import randint __author__ = 'songhao' # 生成一个10个元素的列表,范围从10 到-10之间 data = [randint(-10,10) for i in range(10)] # 普通做法 newdata = [] # print(data) for i in data: # print(i) if i >= 0: print(i, "数值大于等于零") newdata.append(i) else: print(i, "数值小于零") print(newdata, "过滤后的数值")

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from random import randint

__author__ = 'songhao'

# 生成一个10个元素的列表,范围从10 到-10之间

data = [ randint ( - 10 , 10 ) for i in range ( 10 ) ]

# 普通做法

newdata = [ ]

# print(data)

for i in data :

# print(i)

if i >= 0 :

print ( i , "数值大于等于零" )

newdata . append ( i )

else :

print ( i , "数值小于零" )

print ( newdata , "过滤后的数值" )

# filter 过滤列表

Python

# filter 过滤 """ In [91]: filter? Init signature: filter(self, /, *args, **kwargs) Docstring: filter(function or None, iterable) --> filter object Return an iterator yielding those items of iterable for which function(item) is true. If function is None, return the items that are true. Type: type """ newdata1 = filter(lambda x: x > 0, data) # 注意返回值 Return an iterator yielding those items of iterable for which function(item) print(list(newdata1), "filter方法解决")

# filter 过滤

"""

In [91]: filter?

Init signature: filter(self, /, *args, **kwargs)

Docstring:

filter(function or None, iterable) --> filter object

Return an iterator yielding those items of iterable for which function(item)

is true. If function is None, return the items that are true.

Type: type

"""

newdata1 = filter ( lambda x : x > 0 , data )

# 注意返回值 Return an iterator yielding those items of iterable for which function(item)

print ( list ( newdata1 ) , "filter方法解决" )

# 列表解析式过滤列表,也是我最喜欢的方式

Python

# 列表解析式过滤,也是我最喜欢的方式 newdata2 = [x for x in data if x > 0] print(newdata2, '列表解析式过滤')

# 列表解析式过滤,也是我最喜欢的方式

newdata2 = [ x for x in data if x > 0 ]

print ( newdata2 , '列表解析式过滤' )

# 返回结果

Python

/usr/local/bin/python3 /Users/songhao/Desktop/bd/d1.py -10 数值小于零 5 数值大于等于零 5 数值大于等于零 2 数值大于等于零 -7 数值小于零 5 数值大于等于零 2 数值大于等于零 5 数值大于等于零 -10 数值小于零 -5 数值小于零 [5, 5, 2, 5, 2, 5] 过滤后的数值 [5, 5, 2, 5, 2, 5] filter方法解决 [5, 5, 2, 5, 2, 5] 列表解析式过滤