linux 目录结构：/bin /sbin /usr/bin /usr/local/bin

/bin
    This directory contains executable programs which are needed
    in single user mode and to bring the system up or repair it.

/sbin
    Like /bin, this directory holds commands needed to boot the 
    system, but which are usually not executed by normal users.
    普通用户运行这个命令会显示 command not found，必须加sudo或login到super user

/usr/bin
    This is the primary directory for executable programs. Most
    programs executed by normal users which are not needed for 
    booting or for repairing the system and which are not
    installed locally should be placed in this directory.
    系统预装的一些可执行程序，随系统升级会改变

/usr/local
    This is where programs which are local to the site typically
    go.

/usr/local/bin
    Binaries for programs local to the site.
    用户安装的可执行程序，不受系统升级影响，用户编译安装软件时，一般放到/usr/local目录下
    
/usr/local/sbin
    Locally installed programs for system administration.