AWK操作字符串的截取

对于awk和Bash来说，他们使用的是不同的string索引系统；

bash的第一个字符从0开始记录；

awk的第一个字符从1开始记录；

#012345678   ------------Bash

#123456789  -------------Awk

以下是案例说明：

[root@Slave02 shell]# vi substring-extraction.sh
#!/bin/bash

String=23skidoo1

echo ${String:2:4}
echo |awk '{ print substr("'"${String}"'",3,4) }'

exit 0
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"substring-extraction.sh" [New] 8L, 108C written
[root@Slave02 shell]# sh substring-extraction.sh 
skid
skid
[root@Slave02 shell]#

使用变量的前缀来匹配前面声明过的所有变量；

如：

[root@Slave02 shell]# xyz23=watever
[root@Slave02 shell]# xyz24=asdf
[root@Slave02 shell]# echo "
a=${!xyz*}"
a=xyz23 xyz24
[root@Slave02 shell]# echo "a=${!xyz@}"
a=xyz23 xyz24
[root@Slave02 shell]# 

抛骰子游戏；

SPOTS=6      -----取模为6，范围在0-5
die1=0
die2=0
 

------------2个变量名称，保证每个平面选择的数字记录相同

let "die1 = $RANDOM % $SPOTS +1"
let "die2 = $RANDOM % $SPOTS +1"

let "throw = $die1 + $die2"

echo "Throw of the dice = $throw"
echo

exit 0

以下验证结果：

Random number greater than 200 --- 25552

Throw of the dice = 5

[root@Slave02 shell]# 

random number less than 500 --- 0

Random number greater than 200 --- 9765

Throw of the dice = 2

[root@Slave02 shell]# 

Random number greater than 200 --- 31180

Throw of the dice = 10

[root@Slave02 shell]# 

[root@Slave02 shell]# sh random2.sh 
Random number between 0 and 1 = 0.246062
[root@Slave02 shell]# sh random2.sh 
Random number between 0 and 1 = 0.619153
[root@Slave02 shell]# sh random2.sh 
Random number between 0 and 1 = 0.619153
[root@Slave02 shell]# sh random2.sh 
Random number between 0 and 1 = 0.619153
[root@Slave02 shell]# sh random2.sh 
Random number between 0 and 1 = 0.619153
[root@Slave02 shell]# sh random2.sh 
Random number between 0 and 1 = 0.201116
[root@Slave02 shell]# cat random2.sh 
#!/bin/bash


AWKSCRIPT='{ srand(); print rand() }'    -srand中伪随机的计算


echo -n "Random number between 0 and 1 = "
echo | awk "$AWKSCRIPT"




exit 0
[root@Slave02 shell]#