SpringMVC学习笔记（二）

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-09 17:12:21 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-10-09 17:12:21 发布

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分类专栏： SpringMVC 文章标签： spring mvc

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/sonpam/article/details/103722514

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pom.xml

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
        "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
        "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <!--配置字符编码过滤器-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!--配置前端控制器对象-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <!--配置Spring创建容器时要扫描的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.how2java"></context:component-scan>

    <!--配置视图解析器对象-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--配置前端控制器，不拦截某些静态资源-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/"></mvc:resources><!--样式-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/images/"></mvc:resources><!--图片-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/"></mvc:resources><!--JavaScript-->

    <!--开启SpringMVC注解的支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>

User.java

package com.how2java.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class User implements Serializable{

    private String username;
    private String sex;
    private Integer age;

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

index.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Administrator
  Date: 2019/12/23
  Time: 21:35
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h3>重定向成功</h3>
</body>
</html>

response.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Administrator
  Date: 2019/12/23
  Time: 21:01
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="js/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        //页面加载，绑定单击事件
        $(function(){
            $("#btn").click(function(){
                alert("你好，新垣结衣!");
            });
        })
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <%--返回值是String类型--%>
    <a href="response/testString">testString</a><br>
    <%--返回值是void类型--%>
    <a href="response/testVoid">testVoid</a><br>
    <%--使用forward和redirect进行页面跳转--%>
    <a href="response/testForwardOrRedirect">testForwardOrRedirect</a><br>
    <%--发送ajax请求--%>
    <button id="btn">发送ajax请求</button>
</body>
</html>

jquery.min.js

在这里插入代码片

ResponseController.java

package com.how2java.controller;

import com.how2java.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@Controller("responseController")
@RequestMapping("/response")
public class ResponseController {

    /**
     * 返回值是String类型
     * @param model
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testString")
    public String testString(Model model) {
        System.out.println("testString方法测试。。。");
        //模拟用户查询数据
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("新垣结衣");
        user.setSex("女");
        user.setAge(25);
        //将数据存入request域对象中
        model.addAttribute("user", user);
        return "success";
    }

    /**
     * 返回值是void类型
     */
    @RequestMapping("/testVoid")
    public void testVoid(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
        System.out.println("testVoid方法测试。。。");
        //请求转发。一次请求，不必编写项目名称。
//        request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp").forward(request, response);
        //重定向。无法进入WEB-INF包中。
//        response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/index.jsp");
        //直接对浏览器响应。
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        response.getWriter().print("新垣结衣，你好！");
        return;
    }

    @RequestMapping("testForwardOrRedirect")
    public String testForwardOrRedirect() {
        System.out.println("testForwardOrRedirect方法测试。。。");
        //请求转发
//        return "forward:/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp";
        //重定向
        return "redirect:/index.jsp";
    }

}

上传文件

pom.xml

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId>
      <artifactId>jersey-core</artifactId>
      <version>1.19.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId>
      <artifactId>jersey-client</artifactId>
      <version>1.19.1</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <!--配置字符编码过滤器-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!--配置前端控制器对象-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <!--配置Spring创建容器时要扫描的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.how2java"></context:component-scan>
    
    <!--配置视图解析器对象-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!--配置前端控制器，过滤静态资源-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/"></mvc:resources><!--样式-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/images/"></mvc:resources><!--图片-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/"></mvc:resources><!--JavaScript-->
    
    <!--配置文件解析器,要求id取值必须是multipartResolver-->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <!--最大文件大小-->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!--开启SpringMVC注解的支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>

index.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Administrator
  Date: 2019/12/24
  Time: 16:06
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h3>传统方式上传文件</h3>
    <form action="fileupload/fileupload1" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        选择文件：<input type="file" name="upload"/><br>
        <input type="submit" value="上传"/>
    </form>

    <h3>SpringMVC上传文件</h3>
    <form action="fileupload/fileupload2" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        选择文件：<input type="file" name="upload"/><br>
        <input type="submit" value="上传"/>
    </form>

    <h3>跨服务器上传文件</h3>
    <form action="fileupload/fileupload3" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        选择文件：<input type="file" name="upload"/><br>
        <input type="submit" value="上传"/>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

success.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Administrator
  Date: 2019/12/24
  Time: 16:10
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h3>文件上传成功</h3>
</body>
</html>

FileuploadController.java

package com.how2java.controller;

import com.sun.jersey.api.client.Client;
import com.sun.jersey.api.client.WebResource;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;

/**
 * 文件上传的要求：
 *     1、form表单的enctype取值必须是multipart/form-data，默认值为application/x-www-form-urlencoded。
 *     2、method属性必须是post。
 *     3、必须提供一个文件域<input type="file"/>。
 *
 *
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/fileupload")
public class FileuploadController {

    /**
     * 传统方式上传文件
     * @param request
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @RequestMapping("/fileupload1")
    public String fileupload1(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
        System.out.println("传统方式上传文件。。。");
        //使用fileupload组件上传文件
        //上传位置
        String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/uploads/");
        File file = new File(path);
        //判断，该路径是否存在
        if(!file.exists()) {
            //创建该文件夹
            file.mkdirs();
        }
        //解析request对象，获取上传文件项
        DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
        ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
        List<FileItem> items = upload.parseRequest(request);
        //遍历
        for(FileItem item : items){
            //判断，当前item对象是否是上传文件项
            if(item.isFormField()) {
                //说明普通表单项
            } else {
                //说明上传文件项
                //获取上传文件项名称
                String filename = item.getName();
                //把文件名称设置成唯一值
                String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
                filename = uuid+"_"+filename;
                //完成文件上传
                item.write(new File(path, filename));
                //删除临时文件
                item.delete();
            }
        }
        return "success";
    }

    /**
     * SpringMVC上传文件
     * @param request
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @RequestMapping("/fileupload2")
    public String fileupload2(HttpServletRequest request, MultipartFile upload) throws Exception{
        System.out.println("SpringMVC上传文件。。。");

        //上传位置
        String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/uploads/");
        File file = new File(path);
        //判断，该路径是否存在
        if(!file.exists()) {
            //创建该文件夹
            file.mkdirs();
        }
        String filename = upload.getOriginalFilename();
        //把文件名称设置成唯一值
        String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
        filename = uuid+"_"+filename;
        //完成上传
        upload.transferTo(new File(path, filename));

        return "success";
    }

    /**
     * 跨服务器上传文件
     * @param upload
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @RequestMapping("/fileupload3")
    public String fileupload3(MultipartFile upload) throws Exception{
        System.out.println("跨服务器上传文件。。。");
        //定义上传文件服务器路径
        String path = "http://localhost:9090/uploads/";
        //获取上传文件的名称
        String filename = upload.getOriginalFilename();
        //把文件名称设置成唯一值
        String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
        filename = uuid+"_"+filename;
        //完成跨服务器上传文件
        //创建客户端对象
        Client client = Client.create();
        //和文件服务器进行连接
        WebResource resource = client.resource(path + filename);
        //上传文件或图片
        resource.put(upload.getBytes());
        return "success";
    }

}

Fileuploadserver文件上传服务器
index.jsp

<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello fileupload server!</h2>
</body>
</html>

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