JAVA断点续传实现方法代码(HTTP)

（一）断点续传的原理 其实断点续传的原理很简单，就是在Http的请求上和一般的下载有所不同而已。 打个比方，浏览器请求服务器上的一个文时，所发出的请求如下： 假设服务器域名为www.loveapple.cn，文件名为down.zip。 GET /down.zip HTTP/1.1 Accept: image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/vnd.ms- excel, application/msword, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, */* Accept-Language: zh-cn Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows NT 5.0) Connection: Keep-Alive 服务器收到请求后，按要求寻找请求的文件，提取文件的信息，然后返回给浏览器，返回信息如下： 200 Content-Length=106786028 Accept-Ranges=bytes Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:56:11 GMT ETag=W//"02ca57e173c11:95b/" Content-Type=application/octet-stream Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0 Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:56:11 GMT 所谓断点续传，也就是要从文件已经下载的地方开始继续下载。所以在客户端浏览器传给 Web服务器的时候要多加一条信息--从哪里开始。 下面是用自己编的一个/"浏览器/"来传递请求信息给Web服务器，要求从2000070字节开始。 GET /down.zip HTTP/1.0 User-Agent: NetFox RANGE: bytes=2000070- Accept: text/html, image/gif, image/jpeg, *; q=.2, */*; q=.2 仔细看一下就会发现多了一行RANGE: bytes=2000070- 这一行的意思就是告诉服务器down.zip这个文件从2000070字节开始传，前面的字节不用传了。 服务器收到这个请求以后，返回的信息如下： 206 Content-Length=106786028 Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028 Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT ETag=W//"02ca57e173c11:95b/" Content-Type=application/octet-stream Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0 Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT 和前面服务器返回的信息比较一下，就会发现增加了一行： Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028 返回的代码也改为206了，而不再是200了。 知道了以上原理，就可以进行断点续传的编程了。 (二)Java实现断点续传的关键几点 (1)用什么方法实现提交RANGE: bytes=2000070-。 当然用最原始的Socket是肯定能完成的，不过那样太费事了，其实Java的net包中提供了这种功能。代码如下： URL url = new URL(/"http://www.loveapple.cn/down.zip/"); HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection (); //设置User-Agent httpConnection.setRequestProperty(/"User-Agent/",/"NetFox/"); //设置断点续传的开始位置 httpConnection.setRequestProperty(/"RANGE/",/"bytes=2000070/"); [Page] //获得输入流 InputStream input = httpConnection.getInputStream(); 从输入流中取出的字节流就是down.zip文件从2000070开始的字节流。 大家看，其实断点续传用Java实现起来还是很简单的吧。 接下来要做的事就是怎么保存获得的流到文件中去了。 保存文件采用的方法。 我采用的是IO包中的RandAccessFile类。 操作相当简单，假设从2000070处开始保存文件，代码如下： RandomAccess oSavedFile = new RandomAccessFile(/"down.zip/",/"rw/"); long nPos = 2000070; //定位文件指针到nPos位置 oSavedFile.seek(nPos); byte[] b = new byte[1024]; int nRead; //从输入流中读入字节流，然后写到文件中 while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0) { oSavedFile.write(b,0,nRead); } 怎么样，也很简单吧。 接下来要做的就是整合成一个完整的程序了。包括一系列的线程控制等等。 (三)断点续传内核的实现 主要用了6个类，包括一个测试类。 SiteFileFetch.java负责整个文件的抓取，控制内部线程(FileSplitterFetch类)。 FileSplitterFetch.java负责部分文件的抓取。 FileAccess.java负责文件的存储。 SiteInfoBean.java要抓取的文件的信息，如文件保存的目录，名字，抓取文件的URL等。 Utility.java工具类，放一些简单的方法。 TestMethod.java测试类。 下面是源程序： /* **SiteFileFetch.java */ package NetFox; import java.io.*; import java.net.*; public class SiteFileFetch extends Thread { SiteInfoBean siteInfoBean = null; //文件信息Bean long[] nStartPos; //开始位置 long[] nEndPos; //结束位置 FileSplitterFetch[] fileSplitterFetch; //子线程对象 long nFileLength; //文件长度 boolean bFirst = true; //是否第一次取文件 boolean bStop = false; //停止标志 File tmpFile; //文件下载的临时信息 DataOutputStream output; //输出到文件的输出流 public SiteFileFetch(SiteInfoBean bean) throws IOException { siteInfoBean = bean; //tmpFile = File.createTempFile (/"zhong/",/"1111/",new File(bean.getSFilePath())); tmpFile = new File(bean.getSFilePath()+File.separator + bean.getSFileName()+/".info/"); if(tmpFile.exists ()) { bFirst = false; read_nPos(); } else { nStartPos = new long[bean.getNSplitter()]; nEndPos = new long[bean.getNSplitter()]; } } public void run() { //获得文件长度 //分割文件 //实例FileSplitterFetch //启动FileSplitterFetch线程 //等待子线程返回 try{ if(bFirst) { nFileLength = getFileSize(); if(nFileLength == -1) [Page] { System.err.println(/"File Length is not known!/"); } else if(nFileLength == -2) { System.err.println(/"File is not access!/"); } else { for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++) { nStartPos[i] = (long)(i*(nFileLength/nStartPos.length)); } for(int i=0;i<nEndPos.length-1;i++) { nEndPos[i] = nStartPos[i+1]; } nEndPos[nEndPos.length-1] = nFileLength; } } //启动子线程 fileSplitterFetch = new FileSplitterFetch[nStartPos.length]; for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++) { fileSplitterFetch[i] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(), siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() + File.separator + siteInfoBean.getSFileName(), nStartPos[i],nEndPos[i],i); Utility.log(/"Thread /" + i + /" , nStartPos = /" + nStartPos[i] + /", nEndPos = /" + nEndPos[i]); fileSplitterFetch[i].start(); } // fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(), siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() + File.separator + siteInfoBean.getSFileName(),nPos[nPos.length-1],nFileLength,nPos.length-1); // Utility.log(/"Thread /" + (nPos.length-1) + /" , nStartPos = /" + nPos[nPos.length-1] + /", nEndPos = /" + nFileLength); // fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1].start(); //等待子线程结束 //int count = 0; //是否结束while循环 boolean breakWhile = false; while(!bStop) { write_nPos(); Utility.sleep(500); breakWhile = true; for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++) { if(!fileSplitterFetch[i].bDownOver) { breakWhile = false; break; } } if(breakWhile) break; //count++; //if(count>4) // siteStop(); } System.err.println(/"文件下载结束！/"); } catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();} } //获得文件长度 public long getFileSize() { int nFileLength = -1; try{ URL url = new URL(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL()); HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection (); httpConnection.setRequestProperty(/"User-Agent/",/"NetFox/"); int responseCode=httpConnection.getResponseCode(); if(responseCode>=400) { processErrorCode(responseCode); return -2; //-2 represent access is error [Page] } String sHeader; for(int i=1;;i++) { //DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(httpConnection.getInputStream ()); //Utility.log(in.readLine()); sHeader=httpConnection.getHeaderFieldKey(i); if(sHeader!=null) { if(sHeader.equals(/"Content-Length/")) { nFileLength = Integer.parseInt(httpConnection.getHeaderField(sHeader)); break; } } else break; } } catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();} catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();} Utility.log(nFileLength); return nFileLength; } //保存下载信息（文件指针位置） private void write_nPos() { try{ output = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(tmpFile)); output.writeInt(nStartPos.length); for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++) { // output.writeLong(nPos[i]); output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nStartPos); output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nEndPos); } output.close(); } catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();} catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();} } //读取保存的下载信息（文件指针位置） private void read_nPos() { try{ DataInputStream input = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(tmpFile)); int nCount = input.readInt(); nStartPos = new long[nCount]; nEndPos = new long[nCount]; for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++) { nStartPos[i] = input.readLong(); nEndPos[i] = input.readLong(); } input.close(); } catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();} catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();} } private void processErrorCode(int nErrorCode) { System.err.println(/"Error Code : /" + nErrorCode); } //停止文件下载 public void siteStop() { bStop = true; for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++) fileSplitterFetch[i].splitterStop(); } } /* **FileSplitterFetch.java */ package NetFox; import java.io.*; import java.net.*; public class FileSplitterFetch extends Thread { String sURL; //File URL long nStartPos; //File Snippet Start Position long nEndPos; //File Snippet End Position int nThreadID; //Thread’s ID boolean bDownOver = false; //Downing is over boolean bStop = false; //Stop identical FileAccessI fileAccessI = null; //File Access interface [Page] public FileSplitterFetch(String sURL,String sName,long nStart,long nEnd,int id) throws IOException { this.sURL = sURL; this.nStartPos = nStart; this.nEndPos = nEnd; nThreadID = id; fileAccessI = new FileAccessI(sName,nStartPos); } public void run() { while(nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop) { try{ URL url = new URL(sURL); HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection (); httpConnection.setRequestProperty(/"User-Agent/",/"NetFox/"); String sProperty = /"bytes=/"+nStartPos+/"-/"; httpConnection.setRequestProperty(/"RANGE/",sProperty); Utility.log(sProperty); InputStream input = httpConnection.getInputStream(); //logResponseHead(httpConnection); byte[] b = new byte[1024]; int nRead; while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0 && nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop) { nStartPos += fileAccessI.write(b,0,nRead); //if(nThreadID == 1) // Utility.log(/"nStartPos = /" + nStartPos + /", nEndPos = /" + nEndPos); } Utility.log(/"Thread /" + nThreadID + /" is over!/"); bDownOver = true; //nPos = fileAccessI.write (b,0,nRead); } catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();} } } //打印回应的头信息 public void logResponseHead(HttpURLConnection con) { for(int i=1;;i++) { String header=con.getHeaderFieldKey(i); if(header!=null) //responseHeaders.put(header,httpConnection.getHeaderField(header)); Utility.log(header+/" : /"+con.getHeaderField(header)); else break; } } public void splitterStop() { bStop = true; } } /* **FileAccess.java */ package NetFox; import java.io.*; public class FileAccessI implements Serializable{ RandomAccessFile oSavedFile; long nPos; public FileAccessI() throws IOException { this(/"/",0); } public FileAccessI(String sName,long nPos) throws IOException { oSavedFile = new RandomAccessFile(sName,/"rw/"); this.nPos = nPos; oSavedFile.seek(nPos); } public synchronized int write(byte[] b,int nStart,int nLen) { int n = -1; try{ [Page] oSavedFile.write(b,nStart,nLen); n = nLen; } catch(IOException e) { e.printStackTrace (); } return n; } } /* **SiteInfoBean.java */ package NetFox; public class SiteInfoBean { private String sSiteURL; //Site’s URL private String sFilePath; //Saved File’s Path private String sFileName; //Saved File’s Name private int nSplitter; //Count of Splited Downloading File public SiteInfoBean() { //default value of nSplitter is 5 this(/"/",/"/",/"/",5); } public SiteInfoBean(String sURL,String sPath,String sName,int nSpiltter) { sSiteURL= sURL; sFilePath = sPath; sFileName = sName; this.nSplitter = nSpiltter; } public String getSSiteURL() { return sSiteURL; } public void setSSiteURL(String value) { sSiteURL = value; } public String getSFilePath() { return sFilePath; } public void setSFilePath(String value) { sFilePath = value; } public String getSFileName() { return sFileName; } public void setSFileName(String value) { sFileName = value; } public int getNSplitter() { return nSplitter; } public void setNSplitter(int nCount) { nSplitter = nCount; } } /* **Utility.java */ package NetFox; public class Utility { public Utility() { } public static void sleep(int nSecond) { try{ Thread.sleep(nSecond); } catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace (); } } public static void log(String sMsg) { System.err.println(sMsg); } public static void log(int sMsg) { System.err.println(sMsg); } } /* **TestMethod.java */ package NetFox; public class TestMethod { public TestMethod() { ///xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe try{ SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean(/"http://localhost/xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe/",/"L:temp/",/"weblogic60b2_win.exe/",5); //SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean(/"http://localhost:8080/down.zip/",/"L:temp/",/"weblogic60b2_win.exe/",5); SiteFileFetch fileFetch = new SiteFileFetch(bean); fileFetch.start(); } catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();} } public static void main(String[] args) { new TestMethod(); [Page] } }