arm-linux-cross compile chain building

http://blog.csdn.net/pandazhu/article/details/693930

ARM-Linux Cross-Compile Chain - Building From Scratch

（binutils 2.16.1, gcc 3.4.5, glibc-2.3.5, Kernel 2.6.15）

Author：Zhu Zhenyong      Date：2006-4-27

Email:pandazhu@gmail.com

Host Environment:

Source                       Version

Gentoo                                 2006.0

gcc                                       3.4.4 (Gentoo 3.4.4-r1, ssp-3.4.4-1.0, pie-8.7.8)

binutils                                 2.16.1

glibc                                     2.3.5

linux-kernel                          2.6.15-gentoo-r5

Destination Board

s3c2410(arm920t)

1.     Sources and Patches

Source                     Version

binutils                              2.16.1

http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/binutils-2.16.1.tar.bz2

gcc-core                            3.4.5

http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-3.4.5/gcc-core-3.4.5.tar.bz2

gcc                                     3.4.5

http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-3.4.5/gcc-3.4.5.tar.bz2

glibc                                   2.3.5

http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/glibc/glibc-2.3.5.tar.bz2

glibc-linuxthreads            2.3.5

http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/glibc/glibc-linuxthreads-2.3.5.tar.bz2

linux-kernel                      2.6.15

http://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.15.tar.bz2

 

Patch

1.        flow.c

http://gcc.gnu.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/gcc/gcc/flow.c.diff?cvsroot=gcc&only_with_tag=csl-arm-branch&r1=1.563.4.2&r2=1.563.4.3

2.        t-linux.diff

http://frank.harvard.edu/~coldwell/toolchain/t-linux.diff

3.        ioperm.c.diff

http://frank.harvard.edu/~coldwell/toolchain/ioperm.c.diff

2.     Build Variables

During the building of the cross-compile chain, you will need to set a few variables dependent on your particular needs.

echo "export PREFIX=/usr/arm" >> /etc/bash/bashrc

echo "export TARGET=arm-linux" >> /etc/bash/bashrc

echo "export HOST=i686-pc-linux-gnu" >> /etc/bash/bashrc

echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/arm/bin" >> /etc/bash/bashrc

Finally, to have the environment fully prepared for building the tools, source the profile:

source /etc/bash/bashrc

Build the source directory, which stores all the source codes.

mkdir -p ${PREFIX}/src

3.     GNU binutils

The Binutils package contains a linker, an assembler, and other tools for handling object files.

cd ${PREFIX}/src

tar xjf binutils-2.16.1.tar.bz2

mkdir -p BUILD/binutils-2.16.1

cd BUILD/binutils-2.16.1

../../binutils-2.16.1/configure --prefix=${PREFIX} –host=${HOST} /

--target=${TARGET} --disable-nls

The meaning of the configure options:

l         --prefix=${PREFIX}

This tells the configure script to prepare to install the package in the ${PREFIX} directory

l         --host=${HOST}

When used with --target, this creates a cross-architecture executable that creates files for ${TARGET} but runs on ${HOST).

l         --target=${TARGET}

When used with --host, this creates a cross-architecture executable that creates files for ${TARGET} but runs on ${HOST).

l         --disable-nls

This disables internationalization as i18n is not needed for the cross-compile tools.

Compile the package:

make

Install the package:

make install

4.     Linux Kernel Headers

The GNU C Library cannot be built without the Linux kernel headers. Most C library functions are implemented using system calls, and the kernel headers define the system call interface. The headers come with the kernel source.

cd ${PREFIX}/src

tar xjf linux-2.6.15.tar.gz

mkdir –p ${PREFIX}/${TARGET}/include

cd linux-2.6.15

According to the destination board, we use the default configuration of s3c2410.

cp arch/arm/configs/s3c2410_defconfig ./.config

make ARCH=arm menuconfig

Generate “version.h”

make include/linux/version.h

Copy the headers to the destined directory

cp –dR include/linux ${PREFIX}/${TARGET}/include/linux

cp –dR include/asm-arm ${PREFIX}/${TARGET}/include/asm

cp –dR include/asm-generic ${PREFIX}/${TARGET}/include/asm-generic

Copy the headers to the destined directory

cd ${PREFIX}/${TARGET}

ln –s include sys-include

5.     Glibc headers

cd ${PREFIX}/src

tar xjf glibc-2.3.5.tar.bz2

patch -d glibc-2.3.5 -p1 <ioperm.c.diff

cd glibc-2.3.5

tar xjf ../glibc-linuxthreads-2.3.5.tar.bz2

cd ..

mkdir -p BUILD/glibc-2.3.5-headers

cd BUILD/glibc-2.3.5-headers

../../glibc-2.3.5/configure --prefix=${PREFIX} --host=${TARGET} /

--build=${HOST} --with-headers=${PREFIX}/${TARGET}/include /

--enable-kernel=2.6.0

The meaning of the configure options:

l         --prefix=${PREFIX}

This tells the configure script to prepare to install the package in the ${PREFIX} directory

l         --host=${HOST}

When used with --build, this creates a cross-architecture executable that creates files for ${TARGET} but runs on ${HOST).

l         --build=${LFS_HOST}

When used with --host, this creates a cross-architecture executable that creates files for ${TARGET} but runs on ${HOST).

l         --enable-kernel=2.6.0

This tells Glibc to compile the library with support for 2.6.x Linux kernels.

l         --with-headers=${PREFIX}/${TARGET}/include

This tells Glibc to compile itself against the headers recently installed to the ${PREFIX} directory, so that it knows exactly what features the kernel has and can optimize itself accordingly.

Now, install the headers:

make cross-compiling=yes install-headers

Two files aren't installed by the above command, so copy the additional header files that are needed:

First copy a common file over to /tools/include:

cp -v bits/stdio_lim.h $PREFIX/include/bits

Now create a blank stub file:

touch $PREFIX/include/gnu/stubs.h

Move the headers to ${PREFIX}/${TARGET}/include

cd ${PREFIX}/include

mv * ../${TARGET}/include

cd ../${TARGET}

6.     GCC-Stage1

cd ${PREFIX}/src

tar xjf gcc-core-3.4.5.tar.bz2

patch -d gcc-core-3.4.5 -p1 < flow.c.diff

patch -d gcc-core-3.4.5 -p1 < t-linux.diff

mkdir -p BUILD/gcc-3.4.5-stage1

cd BUILD/gcc-3.4.5-stage1

../../gcc-core-3.4.5/configure --prefix=${PREFIX}/

--target=${TARGET} --enable-languages=c /

--with-headers=${PREFIX}/TARGET/include /

--disable-nls --disable-shared --disable-threads

The meaning of the configure options:

l         --prefix=${PREFIX}

This tells the configure script to prepare to install the package in the ${PREFIX} directory

l         --disable-shared

Disables the creation of the shared libraries.

l         --disable-threads

This will prevent GCC from finding the multi-thread include files, since they haven't been created for this architecture yet. GCC will be able to find the multi-thread information after the Glibc headers are created.

l         --enable-languages=c

This option ensures that only the C compiler is built.

Compile and install the package:

make && make install

7.     GNU C Library

Patch glibc source

File location:

glibc-2.3.5/Makeconfig

From:

libgcc_eh := -lgcc_eh $(libunwind)

To:

libgcc_eh := $(libunwind)

From:

static-gnulib := -lgcc -lgcc_eh $(libunwind)

To:

static-gnulib := -lgcc $(libunwind)

 

cd ${PREFIX}/src

mkdir -p BUILD/glibc-2.3.5

cd BUILD/glibc-2.3.5

BUILD_CC=gcc CC=${TARGET}-gcc AR=${TARGET}-ar /

RANLIB=${TARGET}-ranlib AS=${TARGET}-as LD=${TARGET}-ld /

../../glibc-2.3.5/configure ${TARGET} /

--prefix=${PREFIX}/${TARGET} --build=${HOST} /

--host=${TARGET} --enable-add-ons=linuxthreads /

--enable-shared --with-headers=${PREFIX}/${TARGET}/include /

--enable-kernel=2.6.0

The meaning of the configure options:

l         BUILD_CC="gcc"

This sets Glibc to use the current compiler on our system. This is used to create the tools Glibc uses during its build.

l         CC="${LFS_TARGET}-gcc"

This forces Glibc to use the GCC compiler that we made for our target architecture.

l         AR="${LFS_TARGET}-ar"

This forces Glibc to use the ar utility we made for our target architecture.

l         RANLIB="${LFS_TARGET}-ranlib"

This forces Glibc to use the ranlib utility we made for our target architecture.

l         --enable-add-ons=linuxthreads

This tells Glibc to utilize the linuxthreads add-ons.

Compile and install the package:

make && make install

8.     GCC-Stage2

cd ${PREFIX}/src

tar xjf gcc-3.4.5.tar.bz2

patch -d gcc-3.4.5 -p1 < flow.c.diff

mkdir -p BUILD/gcc-3.4.5-stage2

cd BUILD/gcc-3.4.5-stage2

../../gcc-3.4.5/configure --prefix=${PREFIX} --target=${TARGET}

--with-local-prefix=${PREFIX}/${TARGET} --disable-nls --enable-shared --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-threads=posix --enable-c99 --enable-_cxa_atexit --enable-long-long

The meaning of the configure options:

l         --enable-languages=c,c++

This option ensures that only the C and C++ compilers are built.

l         --enable-__cxa_atexit

This option allows use of __cxa_atexit, rather than atexit, to register C++ destructors for local statics and global objects and is essential for fully standards-compliant handling of destructors. It also affects the C++ ABI and therefore results in C++ shared libraries and C++ programs that are interoperable with other Linux distributions.

l         --enable-c99

Enable C99 support for C programs.

l         --enable-long-long

Enables long long support in the compiler.

l         --enable-threads=posix

This enables C++ exception handling for multi-threaded code.

Compile and install the package:

make && make install

9.     References

1.        Building a GNU/Linux ARM Toolchain (from scratch)
Author: Charles M. "Chip" Coldwell
http://frank.harvard.edu/~coldwell/toolchain/

2.        Compile cross-compiler gcc-3.4.3 wth glibc-2.3.4 for ARM(920, v4) platform mini howto
Author: Andylin (andylin@wellsyn.com)

3.        Cross-Compiled Linux From Scratch - Version CLFS-SVN-20060407-x86