首先安装,启动,配置HAproxy的方法网上已经有很多的介绍,此处不再作过多阐述
推荐2个比较有用的安装配置资料:
安装说明
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-17291169-id-4744949.html
配置文件说明
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-07/65350.htm
另附简单操作代码
重启 关闭 与 启动
service haproxy start/stop/restart
查询状态
service haproxy status
OK,前期工作准备完成,下面来描述一下测试环境
工程1:http://192.168.28.151:1199/TestHa/
工程2:http://192.168.28.151:2299/TestHa/
利用HaProxy做负载均衡,并且配置session同步
以下是HaProsy的配置文件
#--------------------------------------------------------------------- # Example configuration for a possible web application. See the # full configuration options online. # # http://haproxy.1wt.eu/download/1.4/doc/configuration.txt # #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # Global settings #--------------------------------------------------------------------- global # to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will # need to: # # 1) configure syslog to accept network log events. This is done # by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in # /etc/sysconfig/syslog # # 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log # file. A line like the following can be added to # /etc/sysconfig/syslog # # local2.* /var/log/haproxy.log # log 127.0.0.1 local2 chroot /var/lib/haproxy pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid maxconn 4000 user haproxy group haproxy daemon # turn on stats unix socket stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will # use if not designated in their block #--------------------------------------------------------------------- defaults mode http log global option httplog option dontlognull option http-server-close option forwardfor except 127.0.0.0/8 option redispatch retries 3 timeout http-request 10s timeout queue 1m timeout connect 10s timeout client 1m timeout server 1m timeout http-keep-alive 10s timeout check 10s maxconn 3000 #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # main frontend which proxys to the backends #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #此处配置HAProxy的监听端口 frontend main *:5000 acl url_static path_beg -i /static /images /javascript /stylesheets acl url_static path_end -i .jpg .gif .png .css .js use_backend static if url_static default_backend app #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # static backend for serving up images, stylesheets and such #--------------------------------------------------------------------- backend static balance roundrobin server static 127.0.0.1:4331 check #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # round robin balancing between the various backends #--------------------------------------------------------------------- backend app appsession JSESSIONID len 64 timeout 5h request-learn #必配 server app1 192.168.28.151:1199 cookie app1 check#必配 server app2 192.168.28.151:2299 cookie app2 check#必配 # option httpchk GET /index.html listen status 192.168.28.151:8899 stats enable stats uri /stats stats auth admin:123456 stats admin if TRUE stats realm (Haproxy\ statistic)
配置完成后测试一下结果
访问 http://192.168.28.151:5000/TestHa/
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可见此过程中的三次跳转,HaProxy已经根据sessionid将本次会话都分配给了同一台机器。
那么我们再换一个浏览器测试一下负载均衡
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新的浏览器建立的新的会话被负载到了另外一个端口上。
实验至此并未结束,实际上HAProxy为我们提供了3种方法来实现session共享
- 用户IP 识别
- cookie 识别
- session 识别
个人觉得前两种比较有局限性,第一种根据ip来分配,在ip变动的时候将会失去这种session一致性。第二种方法将一个cookie头植入客户端,倘若客户端禁用cookie那么也无法实现
详细的关于这三种方法可以阅读
http://itindex.net/blog/2012/07/24/1343118758531.html