writen() --- readn()

两个有用的函数：：

    ssize_t      /* Read "n" bytes from a descriptor. */  
    readn(int fd, void *vptr, size_t n)  
    {  
     size_t nleft;  
     ssize_t nread;  
     char *ptr;  

     ptr = vptr;  
     nleft = n;  
     while (nleft > 0) {  
      if ( (nread = read(fd, ptr, nleft)) < 0) {  
       if (errno == EINTR)  
        nread = 0;  /* and call read() again */  
       else  
        return(-1);  
      } else if (nread == 0)  
       break;    /* EOF */  

      nleft -= nread;  
      ptr   += nread;  
     }  
     return(n - nleft);  /* return >= 0 */  
    } 


    ssize_t      /* Write "n" bytes to a descriptor. */  
    writen(int fd, const void *vptr, size_t n)  
    {  
     size_t  nleft;  
     ssize_t  nwritten;  
     const char *ptr;  

     ptr = vptr;  
     nleft = n;  
     while (nleft > 0) {  
      if ( (nwritten = write(fd, ptr, nleft)) <= 0) {  
       if (nwritten < 0 && errno == EINTR)  
        nwritten = 0;  /* and call write() again */  
       else  
        return(-1);   /* error */  
      }  

      nleft -= nwritten;  
      ptr   += nwritten;  
     }  
     return(n);  
    }