环境说明:
- nginx1:192.168.2.47
- nginx2:192.168.2.48
- tomcat1:192.168.2.49
- tomcat2:192.168.2.50
- vip:192.168.2.51
一.Nginx配置1.安装Nginx所需pcre库wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.10.tar.gz
- tar -zxvf pcre-8.10.tar.gz
- cd pcre-8.10
- ./configure
- make
- make install
2.安装Nginxwget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-0.8.52.tar.gz
- groupadd www
- useradd -g www www
- tar zxvf nginx-0.8.52.tar.gz
- cd nginx-0.8.52/
- ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
- make
- make install
注:如果出现以下错误
- ./configure: error: SSL modules require the OpenSSL library.
- Centos需要安装openssl-devel
- Ubuntu则需要安装:sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
3.修改配置文件为以下内容:
user www www;
worker_processes 2;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 51200;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
keepalive_timeout 120;
server_tokens off;
send_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
upstream tomcats {
server 192.168.2.50:8080;
server 192.168.2.49:8080;
#ip_hash; #在没有做共享session的情况下ip_hash可以解决session问题
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name 192.168.2.48;
location / {
proxy_pass http://tomcats;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
log_format access_log '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request '
'"$status" $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log access_log;
}
}
4.测试配置文件
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
如果出现以下情况
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx: error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.0: or directory
解决方法:
sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.0 /usr/lib/libpcre.so.0
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
显示以下信息为正确的
the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
5.优化内核参数
vim /etc/sysctl.conf在最后添加
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768
net.core.somaxconn = 32768
net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535
保存退出后执行
6.切割Nginx日志脚本
#!/bin/bash
PATH_LOGS="/usr/local/nginx/logs"
YEAR=`date -d "-1 days" +"%Y"`
MONTH=`date -d "-1 days" +"%m"`
mkdir -p $PATH_LOGS/$YEAR/$MONTH
mv $PATH_LOGS/access.log $PATH_LOGS/$YEAR/$MONTH/access_$(date -d "-1 days" +"%Y%m%d").log
kill -USR1 `cat $PATH_LOGS/nginx.pid`
把该脚本加到crontab每天00点执行
注:备机的Nginx和以上安装步骤一样
二.安装配置Keepalived
1.下载所需要的软件
wget http://keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz
wget http://rpm5.org/files/popt/popt-1.16.tar.gz
2.安装popt
编译keepalived时需要popt,否则会报以下错误:
configure: error: Popt libraries is required
tar -zxvf popt-1.16.tar.gz
cd popt-1.16
./configure
make
make install
3.安装keepalived
tar -zxvf keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz
cd keepalived-1.1.19
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
make
make install
4.修改配置文件为以下内容:
vim /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script Monitor_Nginx {
script "/root/scripts/monitor_nginx.sh" #根据自己的实际路径放置monitor_nginx.sh
interval 2
weight 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1234
}
track_script {
Monitor_Nginx
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.2.51
}
}
注:monitor_nginx.sh为监控nginx进程的脚本,内容如下
#!/bin/bash
if [ "$(ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process"| grep -v grep )" == "" ]
then
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
sleep 5
if [ "$(ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process"| grep -v grep )" == "" ]
then
killall keepalived
fi
fi
5.启动keepalived
/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D -f /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
注:备机的keepalived的安装和上面一样,只要把配置文件改为以下(把MASTER改为BACKUP)
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script Monitor_Nginx {
script "/root/scripts/monitor_nginx.sh"
interval 2
weight 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP #改为BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100 #比MASTER数值要低
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1234
}
track_script {
Monitor_Nginx
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.2.51
}
}
三.测试步骤
1. 访问VIP看是否能够正常访问后端的tomcat
2. 停止其中一个tomcat看是否能将访问转到另一台上
3. 停止两台nginx上任何一个nginx进程看监控进程脚本是否会自动启动nginx
4. 停止任何一台nginx上的keepalived进程看另一台是否接管vip
比如停止Master上的keepalived,例如如下killall keepalived,查看BACKUP机器是否已经接管,如果BACKUP接管后,BACKUP机器日志会是出下情况
tail /var/log/syslog
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.2.51
MASTER机器上日志会显示
Keepalived_vrrp: Terminating VRRP child process on signal
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.
现在把MASTER上的Keepalived重新启动,会看到MASTER重新接管VIP,并对外提供服务,BACKUP仍旧回到BACKUP STATE,如果不是这种情况,请检查配置文件和步骤.
现在的BACKUP日志如下:
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received higher prio advert
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.
Master日志如下:
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Script(Monitor_Nginx) succeeded
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.2.51