OpenCV：直方图

1. 直方图定义

CV_EXPORTS void calcHist( const Mat* images,
                          int nimages,
                          const int* channels,
                          InputArray mask,
                          OutputArray hist,
                          int dims,
                          const int* histSize,
                          const float** ranges,
                          bool uniform = true,
                          bool accumulate = false );

实例：最简单的统计灰度直方图如下

int main()
{
#pragma region min_max  
	Mat src = imread("timg.jpg",1);
	Mat rgb_im[3];
	split(src, rgb_im);

	
	int Channels[] = { 0 };
	int nHistSize[] = { 256 };
	float range[] = { 0, 255 };
	const float* fHistRanges[] = { range };
	Mat histR, histG, histB;
	// 计算直方图
	calcHist(&rgb_im[0], 1, Channels, Mat(), histB, 1, nHistSize, fHistRanges, true, false);
	calcHist(&rgb_im[1], 1, Channels, Mat(), histG, 1, nHistSize, fHistRanges, true, false);
	calcHist(&rgb_im[2], 1, Channels, Mat(), histR, 1, nHistSize, fHistRanges, true, false);

	// 创建直方图画布
	int nHistWidth = 800;
	int nHistHeight = 600;
	int nBinWidth = cvRound((double)nHistWidth / nHistSize[0]);
	Mat matHistImage(nHistHeight, nHistWidth, CV_8UC3, Scalar(255, 255, 255));
	// 直方图归一化
	normalize(histB, histB, 0.0, matHistImage.rows, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());
	normalize(histG, histG, 0.0, matHistImage.rows, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());
	normalize(histR, histR, 0.0, matHistImage.rows, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());
	// 在直方图中画出直方图
	for (int i = 1; i < nHistSize[0]; i++)
	{
		line(matHistImage,
			Point(nBinWidth * (i - 1), nHistHeight - cvRound(histB.at<float>(i - 1))),
			Point(nBinWidth * (i), nHistHeight - cvRound(histB.at<float>(i))),
			Scalar(255, 0, 0),
			2,
			8,
			0);
		line(matHistImage,
			Point(nBinWidth * (i - 1), nHistHeight - cvRound(histG.at<float>(i - 1))),
			Point(nBinWidth * (i), nHistHeight - cvRound(histG.at<float>(i))),
			Scalar(0, 255, 0),
			2,
			8,
			0);
		line(matHistImage,
			Point(nBinWidth * (i - 1), nHistHeight - cvRound(histR.at<float>(i - 1))),
			Point(nBinWidth * (i), nHistHeight - cvRound(histR.at<float>(i))),
			Scalar(0, 0, 255),
			2,
			8,
			0);
	}
	// 显示直方图
	imshow("histogram", matHistImage);
	waitKey();

#pragma endregion  

	return 0;
}

 

参考文章：

1. https://www.cnblogs.com/konglongdanfo/p/9215091.html