[Android]如何导入已有的外部数据库

我们平时见到的android数据库操作一般都是在程序开始时创建一个空的数据库，然后再进行相关操作。如果我们需要使用一个已有数据的数据库怎么办呢？
我们都知道android系统下数据库应该存放在 /data/data/com.*.*(package name)/ 目录下，所以我们需要做的是把已有的数据库传入那个目录下。操作方法是用FileInputStream读取原数据库，再用FileOutputStream把读取到的东西写入到那个目录。
操作方法：1. 把原数据库包括在项目源码的 res/raw 目录下，然后建立一个DBManager类，代码如下：

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package com.android.ImportDatabase;   import java.io.File; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream;   import android.content.Context; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase; import android.os.Environment; import android.util.Log;   public class DBManager {      private final int BUFFER_SIZE = 400000 ;      public static final String DB_NAME = "countries.db" ; //保存的数据库文件名      public static final String PACKAGE_NAME = "com.android.ImportDatabase" ;      public static final String DB_PATH = "/data"              + Environment.getDataDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/"              + PACKAGE_NAME;  //在手机里存放数据库的位置        private SQLiteDatabase database;      private Context context;        DBManager(Context context) {          this .context = context;      }        public void openDatabase() {          this .database = this .openDatabase(DB_PATH + "/" + DB_NAME);      }        private SQLiteDatabase openDatabase(String dbfile) {          try {              if (!( new File(dbfile).exists())) {　　 //判断数据库文件是否存在，若不存在则执行导入，否则直接打开数据库                  InputStream is = this .context.getResources().openRawResource(                          R.raw.countries); //欲导入的数据库                  FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(dbfile);                  byte [] buffer = new byte [BUFFER_SIZE];                  int count = 0 ;                  while ((count = is.read(buffer)) > 0 ) {                      fos.write(buffer, 0 , count);                  }                  fos.close();                  is.close();              }              SQLiteDatabase db = SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(dbfile,                      null );              return db;          } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {              Log.e( "Database" , "File not found" );              e.printStackTrace();          } catch (IOException e) {              Log.e( "Database" , "IO exception" );              e.printStackTrace();          }          return null ;      }

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1	//do something else here<br>

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public void closeDatabase() {          this .database.close();      } }

然后在程序的首个Activity中示例化一个DBManager对象，然后对其执行openDatabase方法就可以完成导入了，可以把一些要对数据库进行的操作写在DBManager类里，然后通过DBManager类的对象调用；也可以在完成导入之后通过一个SQliteDatabase类的对象打开数据库，并执行操作。

我的做法是 在程序的首个Activity中导入数据库：

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package com.android.ImportDatabase;   import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle;   public class RootView extends Activity {        public DBManager dbHelper;

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@Override      public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {            super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);          setContentView(R.layout.main);            dbHelper = new DBManager( this );          dbHelper.openDatabase();          dbHelper.closeDatabase();        } }

此时在DDMS中可以查看到，外部数据库已经成功导入

在需要使用数据库的类里：

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package com.android.ImportDatabase;   import java.util.ArrayList; import android.app.Activity; import android.database.Cursor; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase; import android.os.Bundle;   public class TaxiActivity extends Activity {        private SQLiteDatabase database;          ArrayList<CityClass> CITY;        @Override      public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {            super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);          setContentView(R.layout.main);                    database = SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(DBManager.DB_PATH + "/" + DBManager.DB_NAME, null );            CITY = getCity();                    // do something with CITY            database.close();      }        private ArrayList<CityClass> getCity() {                    Cursor cur = database.rawQuery( "SELECT city.id_city, city.name FROM taxi, city WHERE city.id_city = taxi.id_city GROUP BY city.id_city" , null );                    if (cur != null ) {              int NUM_CITY = cur.getCount();              ArrayList<CityClass> taxicity = new ArrayList<CityClass>(NUM_CITY);              if (cur.moveToFirst()) {                  do {                      String name = cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex( "name" ));                      int id = cur.getInt(cur.getColumnIndex( "id_city" ));                      CityClass city = new CityClass( "" , 0 );                      System.out.println(name);  //额外添加一句，把select到的信息输出到Logcat                      city.city_name = name;                      city.city_id = id;                      taxicity.add(city);                  } while (cur.moveToNext());              }              return taxicity;          } else {              return null ;          }      } }

查看输出的结果：