1.泛型和泛型强制转换 using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; namespace VS2005Demo2 6{ 7 8 C# 编译器只允许将泛型参数隐式强制转换到 Object 或约束指定的类型#region C# 编译器只允许将泛型参数隐式强制转换到 Object 或约束指定的类型 9 public interface ISomeInterface 10 { } 11 class BaseClass 12 { } 13 class MyClass<T> where T : BaseClass, ISomeInterface 14 { 15 void SomeMethod(T t) 16 { 17 ISomeInterface obj1 = t; 18 BaseClass obj2 = t; 19 object obj3 = t; 20 } 21 } 22 #endregion 23 24 编译器允许您将泛型参数显式强制转换到其他任何接口,但不能将其转换到类#region 编译器允许您将泛型参数显式强制转换到其他任何接口,但不能将其转换到类 25 class SomeClass 26 { } 27 //class MyClass1<T> 28 //{ 29 // void SomeMethod(T t) 30 // { 31 // ISomeInterface obj1 = (ISomeInterface)t; //Compiles 32 // SomeClass obj2 = (SomeClass)t; //Does not compile 33 // } 34 //} 35 #endregion 36 37 38 使用临时的 Object 变量,将泛型参数强制转换到其他任何类型#region 使用临时的 Object 变量,将泛型参数强制转换到其他任何类型 39 class MyClass2<T> 40 { 41 void SomeMethod(T t) 42 { 43 object temp = t; 44 SomeClass obj = (SomeClass)temp; 45 } 46 } 47 #endregion 48 49 使用is和as运算符#region 使用is和as运算符 50 public class MyClass3<T> 51 { 52 public void SomeMethod(T t) 53 { 54 if (t is int) { } 55 if (t is LinkedList<int, string>) { } 56 string str = t as string; 57 if (str != null) { } 58 LinkedList<int, string> list = t as LinkedList<int, string>; 59 if (list != null) { } 60 } 61 } 62 #endregion 63 64} 65 2.继承和泛型 1using System; 2using System.Collections.Generic; 3using System.Text; 4 5namespace VS2005Demo2 6{ 7 继承和泛型#region 继承和泛型 8 public class BaseClass<T> 9 { } 10 public class SubClass : BaseClass<int> 11 { } 12 13 14 public class SubClass1<R> : BaseClass<R> 15 { } 16 #endregion 17 18 继承约束#region 继承约束 19 public class BaseClass1<T> where T : ISomeInterface 20 { } 21 public class SubClass2<T> : BaseClass1<T> where T : ISomeInterface 22 { } 23 24 //构造函数约束 25 public class BaseClass3<T> where T : new() 26 { 27 public T SomeMethod() 28 { 29 return new T(); 30 } 31 } 32 public class SubClass3<T> : BaseClass3<T> where T : new() 33 { } 34 35 #endregion 36 37 虚拟方法#region 虚拟方法 38 public class BaseClass4<T> 39 { 40 public virtual T SomeMethod() 41 { 42 return default(T); 43 } 44 } 45 public class SubClass4 : BaseClass4<int> 46 { 47 public override int SomeMethod() 48 { 49 return 0; 50 } 51 } 52 53 public class SubClass5<T> : BaseClass4<T> 54 { 55 public override T SomeMethod() 56 { 57 return default(T); 58 } 59 } 60 61 #endregion 62 63 接口、抽象类继承#region 接口、抽象类继承 64 public interface ISomeInterface6<T> 65 { 66 T SomeMethod(T t); 67 } 68 public abstract class BaseClass6<T> 69 { 70 public abstract T SomeMethod(T t); 71 } 72 public class SubClass6<T> : BaseClass6<T>,ISomeInterface6<T> 73 { 74 public override T SomeMethod(T t) 75 { return default(T); } 76 } 77 #endregion 78 79 泛型抽象方法和泛型接口#region 泛型抽象方法和泛型接口 80 //public class Calculator<T> 81 //{ 82 // public T Add(T arg1, T arg2) 83 // { 84 // return arg1 + arg2;//Does not compile 85 // } 86 // //Rest of the methods 87 //} 88 89 public abstract class BaseCalculator<T> 90 { 91 public abstract T Add(T arg1, T arg2); 92 //public abstract T Subtract(T arg1, T arg2); 93 //public abstract T Divide(T arg1, T arg2); 94 //public abstract T Multiply(T arg1, T arg2); 95 } 96 public class MyCalculator : BaseCalculator<int> 97 { 98 public override int Add(int arg1, int arg2) 99 { 100 return arg1 + arg2; 101 } 102 //Rest of the methods 103 } 104 105 public interface ICalculator<T> 106 { 107 T Add(T arg1, T arg2); 108 //Rest of the methods 109 } 110 public class MyCalculator1 : ICalculator<int> 111 { 112 public int Add(int arg1, int arg2) 113 { 114 return arg1 + arg2; 115 } 116 //Rest of the methods 117 } 118 #endregion 119 120} 121 3.泛型方法 1using System; 2using System.Collections.Generic; 3using System.Text; 4 5namespace VS2005Demo2 6{ 7 8 泛型方法#region 泛型方法 9 public class MyClass 10 { 11 public void MyMethod<T>(T t) 12 { } 13 } 14 15 public class Class3 16 { 17 public void Test() 18 { 19 MyClass obj = new MyClass(); 20 obj.MyMethod<int>(3); 21 22 obj.MyMethod(3); 23 } 24 } 25 #endregion 26 27 编译器无法只根据返回值的类型推断出类型#region 编译器无法只根据返回值的类型推断出类型 28 public class MyClass1 29 { 30 public T MyMethod<T>() 31 { return default(T); } 32 } 33 34 public class Class31 35 { 36 public void Test() 37 { 38 39 MyClass1 obj = new MyClass1(); 40 int number = obj.MyMethod<int>(); 41 } 42 } 43 #endregion 44 45 泛型方法约束#region 泛型方法约束 46 public class Class32 47 { 48 public T MyMethod<T>(T t) where T : IComparable<T> 49 { return default(T); } 50 } 51 #endregion 52 53 泛型虚拟方法#region 泛型虚拟方法 54 public class BaseClass33 55 { 56 public virtual void SomeMethod<T>(T t) 57 { } 58 } 59 public class SubClass33 : BaseClass33 60 { 61 public override void SomeMethod<T>(T t) 62 { 63 base.SomeMethod<T>(t); 64 } 65 } 66 67 public class BaseClass34 68 { 69 public virtual void SomeMethod<T>(T t) where T : new() 70 { } 71 } 72 public class SubClass34 : BaseClass34 73 { 74 public override void SomeMethod<T>(T t)// where T : IComparable<T> 75 { } 76 } 77 78 public class BaseClass35 79 { 80 public virtual void SomeMethod<T>(T t) 81 { } 82 } 83 public class SubClass35 : BaseClass35 84 { 85 public override void SomeMethod<T>(T t) 86 { 87 base.SomeMethod<T>(t); 88 base.SomeMethod(t); 89 } 90 } 91 #endregion 92 93 泛型静态方法#region 泛型静态方法 94 public class MyClass36<T> 95 { 96 public static T SomeMethod(T t) 97 { return default(T); } 98 } 99 100 public class Class36 101 { 102 public void Test() 103 { 104 int number = MyClass36<int>.SomeMethod(3); 105 } 106 } 107 108 public class MyClass37<T> 109 { 110 public static T SomeMethod<X>(T t, X x) 111 { return default(T); } 112 } 113 public class Class37 114 { 115 public void Test() 116 { 117 int number = MyClass37<int>.SomeMethod<string>(3, "AAA"); 118 int number1 = MyClass37<int>.SomeMethod(3, "AAA"); 119 } 120 } 121 122 public class MyClass38 123 { 124 public static T SomeMethod<T>(T t) where T : IComparable<T> 125 { return default(T); } 126 } 127 128 #endregion 129} 130 4.泛型委托 1using System; 2using System.Collections.Generic; 3using System.Text; 4 5namespace VS2005Demo2 6{ 7 泛型委托#region 泛型委托 8 public class MyClass40<T> 9 { 10 public delegate void GenericDelegate(T t); 11 public void SomeMethod(T t) 12 { } 13 } 14 15 public class MyClassTest40 16 { 17 public void Tests() 18 { 19 MyClass40<int> obj = new MyClass40<int>(); 20 MyClass40<int>.GenericDelegate del; 21 22 del = new MyClass40<int>.GenericDelegate(obj.SomeMethod); 23 del(3); 24 25 //委托推理 26 del = obj.SomeMethod; 27 28 } 29 } 30 #endregion 31 32 委托泛型参数#region 委托泛型参数 33 public class MyClass41<T> 34 { 35 public delegate void GenericDelegate<X>(T t, X x); 36 } 37 38 //外部委托 39 public delegate void GenericDelegate<T>(T t); 40 41 public class MyClass42 42 { 43 public void SomeMethod(int number) 44 { } 45 } 46 47 public class MyClassTest42 48 { 49 public void Test() 50 { 51 MyClass42 obj = new MyClass42(); 52 GenericDelegate<int> del; 53 //del = new GenericDelegate<int>(obj.SomeMethod); 54 55 del = obj.SomeMethod; 56 del(3); 57 58 } 59 } 60 61 #endregion 62 63 委托泛型参数#region 委托泛型参数 64 public delegate void MyDelegate<T>(T t) where T : IComparable<T>; 65 #endregion 66 67 事件#region 事件 68 69 public delegate void GenericEventHandler<S, A>(S sender, A args); 70 71 public class MyPublisher 72 { 73 public event GenericEventHandler<MyPublisher, EventArgs> MyEvent; 74 public void FireEvent() 75 { 76 MyEvent(this, EventArgs.Empty); 77 } 78 } 79 80 public class MySubscriber<A> //Optional: can be a specific type 81 { 82 public void SomeMethod(MyPublisher sender, A args) 83 { } 84 } 85 public class MyClassTest43 86 { 87 public void Test() 88 { 89 MyPublisher publisher = new MyPublisher(); 90 MySubscriber<EventArgs> subscriber = new MySubscriber<EventArgs>(); 91 publisher.MyEvent += subscriber.SomeMethod; 92 } 93 } 94 #endregion 95}