向回调函数传递额外的参数
在调用函数中,使用匿名函数中实现需传递的参数,再次匿名函数内调用回调函数。
- var events = require("events");
-
- function CarShow() {
- events.EventEmitter.call(this);
- this.seeCar = function (make) {
- this.emit('sawCar', make);
- }
- }
- CarShow.prototype.__proto__ = events.EventEmitter.prototype;
- var show = new CarShow();
-
- function logCar(make) {
- console.log("Saw a "+make);
- }
-
- function logColorCar(make, color) {
- console.log("Saw a %s %s ", color, make);
- }
-
- show.on("sawCar", logCar);
- show.on("sawCar", function (make) {
- var colors = ["red", "blue", "black", "pink", "green"];
- var color = colors[Math.floor(Math.random()*3)];
- logColorCar(make, color);
- });
- show.seeCar("Ferrari");
- show.seeCar("Porsche");
- show.seeCar("Bugatti");
在回调中实现闭包
如果某个回调函数需要访问父函数的作用域的变量,就需要使用闭包,在函数块内部封装一个异步调用,并传入所需要的变量。
- function logCar(logMsg, callback) {
- process.nextTick(function () {
- callback(logMsg);
- });
- }
- var cars = ["猎豹", "捷达", "朗逸"];
- for(var idx in cars){
- var msg = "Saw a "+cars[idx];
- logCar(msg, function () {
- console.log("Normal Callback "+ msg);
- });
- }
-
- for(var idx in cars){
- var msg = "Saw a "+cars[idx];
- (function (msg) {
- logCar(msg, function () {
- console.log("Closure Callback "+ msg);
- })
- })(msg);
- }
- //Normal Callback Saw a 朗逸
- //Normal Callback Saw a 朗逸
- //Normal Callback Saw a 朗逸
- //Closure Callback Saw a 猎豹
- //Closure Callback Saw a 捷达
- //Closure Callback Saw a 朗逸
链式回调
使用异步函数时,如果两个函数都在事件队列上,则无法保证它们的运行顺序。解决方法是让来自异步函数的回调再次调用该函数,直到没有更多的工作要做,以执行链式回调。
- function logCar(car, callback) {
- console.log("Saw a %$", car);
- if(cars.length){
- process.nextTick(function () {
- callback();
- });
- }
- }
-
- function logCars(cars) {
- var car = cars.pop();
- logCar(car, function () {
- logCars(cars);
- });
- }
-
- var cars = ["猎豹", "捷达", "朗逸"];
- logCars(cars);