def get_tracks(distance, rate=0.6, t=0.2, v=0):
"""
将distance分割成小段的距离
:param distance: 总距离
:param rate: 加速减速的临界比例
:param a1: 加速度
:param a2: 减速度
:param t: 单位时间
:param t: 初始速度
:return: 小段的距离集合
"""
tracks = []
# 加速减速的临界值
mid = rate * distance
# 当前位移
s = 0
# 循环
while s < distance:
# 初始速度
v0 = v
if s < mid:
a = 20
else:
a = -3
# 计算当前t时间段走的距离
s0 = v0 * t + 0.5 * a * t * t
# 计算当前速度
v = v0 + a * t
# 四舍五入距离,因为像素没有小数
tracks.append(round(s0))
# 计算当前距离
s += s0
return tracks
if __name__ == '__main__':
tracks = get_tracks(100)
print(tracks)
print(sum(tracks))
运行结果
url = "https://accounts.douban.com/passport/login"
driver = webdriver.Chrome("./chromedriver/chromedriver.exe")
driver.get(url)
print("当前的title:",driver.title)
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="account"]/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[1]/ul[1]/li[2]').click()
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="username"]').send_keys("账号")
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="password"]').send_keys("密码")
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="account"]/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[4]/a').click()
# 停一下,等待出现
time.sleep(2)
# 切换iframe
driver.switch_to.frame(1)
block = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="tcaptcha_drag_button"]')
reload = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="reload"]')
# 滑动操作时需要动作链
# 摁下滑块
ActionChains(driver).click_and_hold(block).perform()
# 移动
ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(180, 0).perform()
# 获取位移
tracks = get_tracks(30)
# 循环
for track in tracks:
# 移动
ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(track, 0).perform()
# 释放
ActionChains(driver).release().perform()
# 判断
if driver.title == "登录豆瓣":
print("失败...再来一次...")
# 单击刷新按钮刷新
reload.click()
# 停一下
time.sleep(2)
else:
print("成功!")
time.sleep(5)
driver.quit()
完整代码
# encoding: utf-8
import requests
import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
def get_tracks(distance, rate=0.6, t=0.2, v=0):
"""
将distance分割成小段的距离
:param distance: 总距离
:param rate: 加速减速的临界比例
:param a1: 加速度
:param a2: 减速度
:param t: 单位时间
:param t: 初始速度
:return: 小段的距离集合
"""
tracks = []
# 加速减速的临界值
mid = rate * distance
# 当前位移
s = 0
# 循环
while s < distance:
# 初始速度
v0 = v
if s < mid:
a = 20
else:
a = -3
# 计算当前t时间段走的距离
s0 = v0 * t + 0.5 * a * t * t
# 计算当前速度
v = v0 + a * t
# 四舍五入距离,因为像素没有小数
tracks.append(round(s0))
# 计算当前距离
s += s0
return tracks
def slide(driver):
"""滑动验证码"""
# 切换iframe
driver.switch_to.frame(1)
#找到滑块
block = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="tcaptcha_drag_button"]')
#找到刷新
reload = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="reload"]')
while True:
# 摁下滑块
ActionChains(driver).click_and_hold(block).perform()
# 移动
ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(180, 0).perform()
#获取位移
tracks = get_tracks(30)
#循环
for track in tracks:
#移动
ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(track, 0).perform()
# 释放
ActionChains(driver).release().perform()
#停一下
time.sleep(2)
#判断
if driver.title == "登录豆瓣":
print("失败...再来一次...")
#单击刷新按钮刷新
reload.click()
# 停一下
time.sleep(2)
else:
break
def main():
"""主程序"""
url = "https://accounts.douban.com/passport/login"
driver = webdriver.Chrome("./chromedriver/chromedriver.exe")
driver.get(url)
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="account"]/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[1]/ul[1]/li[2]').click()
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="username"]').send_keys("账号")
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="password"]').send_keys("密码")
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="account"]/div[2]/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[4]/a').click()
# 停一下,等待出现
time.sleep(2)
#滑动验证码
slide(driver)
print("成功")
driver.quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
完整代码:
#2 实现步骤:
#① 初始化
#初始化链接地址、创建模拟浏览器对象、设置登录账户和密码等信息。
EMAIL = '登录账户'
PASSWORD = '登录密码'
class CrackGeetest():
def __init__(self):
self.url = 'https://account.geetest.com/login'
self.browser = webdriver.Chrome()
#设置显示等待时间
self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.browser, 20)
self.email = EMAIL
self.password = PASSWORD
def crack():
pass
# 程序主入口
if __name__ == '__main__':
crack = CrackGeetest()
crack.crack()
#② 模拟登录填写,点开滑块验证
#在实例化CrackGeetest对象后调用crack()方法开始模拟登录验证...
#调用open()方法,打开登录界面,获取账户和密码输入框节点,完成账户和密码的输入。
#调用get_geetest_button()方法获取滑动验证按钮,并点击。
class CrackGeetest():
#...
def get_geetest_button(self):
''' 获取初始验证按钮,return:按钮对象 '''
button = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_radar_tip')))
return button
def open(self):
''' 打开网页输入用户名密码, return: None '''
self.browser.get(self.url)
email = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'email')))
password = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'password')))
email.send_keys(self.email)
password.send_keys(self.password)
def crack(self):
# 输入用户名密码
self.open()
# 点击验证按钮
button = self.get_geetest_button()
button.click()
#...
#...
#③ 获取并储存有无缺口的两张图片
#首先获取无缺口的验证图片,并保存到本地
#获取滑块对象,并执行点击,让浏览器中显示有缺口图片
#获取有缺口的验证图片,并保存到本地
def get_position(self):
''' 获取验证码位置, return: 验证码位置(元组) '''
img = self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_canvas_img')))
time.sleep(2)
location = img.location
size = img.size
top,bottom,left,right = location['y'],location['y']+size['height'],location['x'],location['x']+size['width']
return (top, bottom, left, right)
def get_screenshot(self):
''' 获取网页截图, return: 截图对象 '''
#浏览器截屏
screenshot = self.browser.get_screenshot_as_png()
screenshot = Image.open(BytesIO(screenshot))
return screenshot
def get_geetest_image(self, name='captcha.png'):
''' 获取验证码图片, return: 图片对象 '''
top, bottom, left, right = self.get_position()
print('验证码位置', top, bottom, left, right)
screenshot = self.get_screenshot()
#从网页截屏图片中裁剪处理验证图片
captcha = screenshot.crop((left, top, right, bottom))
captcha.save(name)
return captcha
def get_slider(self):
''' 获取滑块, return: 滑块对象 '''
slider = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_slider_button')))
return slider
def crack(self):
#...
# 获取验证码图片
image1 = self.get_geetest_image('captcha1.png')
# 点按呼出缺口
slider = self.get_slider()
slider.click()
# 获取带缺口的验证码图片
image2 = self.get_geetest_image('captcha2.png')
#...
#④ 获取缺口位置
对比两张图片的所有RBG像素点,得到不一样像素点的x值,即要移动的距离
BORDER = 6
INIT_LEFT = 60
class CrackGeetest():
def get_gap(self, image1, image2):
''' 获取缺口偏移量, 参数:image1不带缺口图片、image2带缺口图片。返回偏移量 '''
left = 65
for i in range(left, image1.size[0]):
for j in range(image1.size[1]):
if not self.is_pixel_equal(image1, image2, i, j):
left = i
return left
return left
def is_pixel_equal(self, image1, image2, x, y):
'''
判断两个像素是否相同
:param image1: 图片1
:param image2: 图片2
:param x: 位置x
:param y: 位置y
:return: 像素是否相同
'''
# 取两个图片的像素点(R、G、B)
pixel1 = image1.load()[x, y]
pixel2 = image2.load()[x, y]
threshold = 60
if abs(pixel1[0]-pixel2[0])<threshold and abs(pixel1[1]-pixel2[1])<threshold and abs(pixel1[2]-pixel2[2])<threshold:
return True
else:
return False
def crack(self):
#...
# 获取缺口位置
gap = self.get_gap(image1, image2)
print('缺口位置', gap)
# 减去缺口位移
gap -= BORDER
#⑤ 获取移动轨迹
模拟人的行为习惯(先匀加速拖动后匀减速拖动),把需要拖动的总距离分成一段一段小的轨迹
def get_track(self, distance):
'''
根据偏移量获取移动轨迹
:param distance: 偏移量
:return: 移动轨迹
'''
# 移动轨迹
track = []
# 当前位移
current = 0
# 减速阈值
mid = distance * 4 / 5
# 计算间隔
t = 0.2
# 初速度
v = 0
while current < distance:
if current < mid:
# 加速度为正2
a = 2
else:
# 加速度为负3
a = -3
# 初速度v0
v0 = v
# 当前速度v = v0 + at
v = v0 + a * t
# 移动距离x = v0t + 1/2 * a * t^2
move = v0 * t + 1 / 2 * a * t * t
# 当前位移
current += move
# 加入轨迹
track.append(round(move))
return track
def crack(self):
#...
# 获取移动轨迹
track = self.get_track(gap)
print('滑动轨迹', track)
#⑥ 按照轨迹拖动,完全验证
def move_to_gap(self, slider, track):
'''
拖动滑块到缺口处
:param slider: 滑块
:param track: 轨迹
:return:
'''
ActionChains(self.browser).click_and_hold(slider).perform()
for x in track:
ActionChains(self.browser).move_by_offset(xoffset=x, yoffset=0).perform()
time.sleep(0.5)
ActionChains(self.browser).release().perform()
def crack(self):
#...
# 拖动滑块
self.move_to_gap(slider, track)
success = self.wait.until(
EC.text_to_be_present_in_element((By.CLASS_NAME, 'geetest_success_radar_tip_content'), '验证成功'))
print(success)
#⑦ 完成登录
def login(self):
''' 执行登录 return: None '''
submit = self.wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CLASS_NAME, 'login-btn')))
submit.click()
time.sleep(10)
print('登录成功')
def crack(self):
#...
# 失败后重试
if not success:
self.crack()
else:
self.login()