/** a standard Base64 encoder/decoder.
* @author S.Weeden,N.J.Ferrier
*/
public class Base64
{
/** decode a Base 64 encoded String.
* <p><h4>String to byte conversion</h4>
* This method uses a naive String to byte interpretation, it simply gets each
* char of the String and calls it a byte.</p>
* <p>Since we should be dealing with Base64 encoded Strings that is a reasonable
* assumption.</p>
* <p><h4>End of data</h4>
* We don't try to stop the converion when we find the "=" end of data padding char.
* We simply add zero bytes to the unencode buffer.</p>
*/
public static String decode(String encoded)
{
StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
int maxturns;
//work out how long to loop for.
if(encoded.length()%3==0)
maxturns=encoded.length();
else
maxturns=encoded.length()+(3-(encoded.length()%3));
//tells us whether to include the char in the unencode
boolean skip;
//the unencode buffer
byte[] unenc=new byte[4];
byte b;
for(int i=0,j=0; i<maxturns; i++)
{
skip=false;
//get the byte to convert or 0
if(i<encoded.length())
b=(byte)encoded.charAt(i);
else
b=0;
//test and convert first capital letters, lowercase, digits then '+' and '/'
if(b>=65 && b<91)
unenc[j]=(byte)(b-65);
else if(b>=97 && b<123)
unenc[j]=(byte)(b-71);
else if(b>=48 && b<58)
unenc[j]=(byte)(b+4);
else if(b=='+')
unenc[j]=62;
else if(b=='/')
unenc[j]=63;
//if we find "=" then data has finished, we're not really dealing with this now
else if(b=='=')
unenc[j]=0;
else
{
char c=(char)b;
if(c=='/n' || c=='/r' || c==' ' || c=='/t')
skip=true;
else
//could throw an exception here? it's input we don't understand.
;
}
//once the array has boiled convert the bytes back into chars
if(!skip && ++j==4)
{
//shift the 6 bit bytes into a single 4 octet word
int res=(unenc[0] << 18)+(unenc[1] << 12)+(unenc[2] << 6)+unenc[3];
byte c;
int k=16;
//shift each octet down to read it as char and add to StringBuffer
while(k>=0)
{
c=(byte)(res >> k);
if ( c > 0 )
sb.append((char)c);
k-=8;
}
//reset j and the unencode buffer
j=0;
unenc[0]=0;unenc[1]=0;unenc[2]=0;unenc[3]=0;
}
}
return sb.toString();
}
/** encode plaintext data to a base 64 string
* @param plain the text to convert. If plain is longer than 76 characters this method
* returns null (see RFC2045).
* @return the encoded text (or null if string was longer than 76 chars).
*/
public static String encode(String plain)
{
if(plain.length()>76)
return null;
int maxturns;
StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
//the encode buffer
byte[] enc=new byte[3];
boolean end=false;
for(int i=0,j=0; !end; i++)
{
char _ch=plain.charAt(i);
if(i==plain.length()-1)
end=true;
enc[j++]=(byte)plain.charAt(i);
if(j==3 || end)
{
int res;
//this is a bit inefficient at the end point
//worth it for the small decrease in code size?
res=(enc[0] << 16)+(enc[1] << 8)+enc[2];
int b;
int lowestbit=18-(j*6);
for(int toshift=18; toshift>=lowestbit; toshift-=6)
{
b=res >>> toshift;
b&=63;
if(b>=0 && b<26)
sb.append((char)(b+65));
if(b>=26 && b<52)
sb.append((char)(b+71));
if(b>=52 && b<62)
sb.append((char)(b-4));
if(b==62)
sb.append('+');
if(b==63)
sb.append('/');
if(sb.length()%76==0)
sb.append('/n');
}
//now set the end chars to be pad character if there
//was less than integral input (ie: less than 24 bits)
if(end)
{
if(j==1)
sb.append("==");
if(j==2)
sb.append('=');
}
enc[0]=0; enc[1]=0; enc[2]=0;
j=0;
}
}
return sb.toString();
}
}
/*
The RC2045 conversion chart,
0 A 17 R 34 i 51 z
1 B 18 S 35 j 52 0
2 C 19 T 36 k 53 1
3 D 20 U 37 l 54 2
4 E 21 V 38 m 55 3
5 F 22 W 39 n 56 4
6 G 23 X 40 o 57 5
7 H 24 Y 41 p 58 6
8 I 25 Z 42 q 59 7
9 J 26 a 43 r 60 8
10 K 27 b 44 s 61 9
11 L 28 c 45 t 62 +
12 M 29 d 46 u 63 /
13 N 30 e 47 v
14 O 31 f 48 w (pad) =
15 P 32 g 49 x
16 Q 33 h 50 y
ASCII chart
Dec Hex Char Dec Hex Char Dec Hex Char Dec Hex Char
----------- ------------ ------------ ------------
0 0 NUL 32 20 64 40 @ 96 60 `
1 1 SOH 33 21 ! 65 41 A 97 61 a
2 2 STX 34 22 " 66 42 B 98 62 b
3 3 ETX 35 23 # 67 43 C 99 63 c
4 4 EOT 36 24 $ 68 44 D 100 64 d
5 5 ENQ 37 25 % 69 45 E 101 65 e
6 6 ACK 38 26 & 70 46 F 102 66 f
7 7 BEL 39 27 ' 71 47 G 103 67 g
8 8 BS 40 28 ( 72 48 H 104 68 h
9 9 TAB 41 29 ) 73 49 I 105 69 i
10 A LF 42 2A * 74 4A J 106 6A j
11 B VT 43 2B + 75 4B K 107 6B k
12 C FF 44 2C , 76 4C L 108 6C l
13 D CR 45 2D - 77 4D M 109 6D m
14 E SO 46 2E . 78 4E N 110 6E n
15 F SI 47 2F / 79 4F O 111 6F o
16 10 DLE 48 30 0 80 50 P 112 70 p
17 11 DC1 49 31 1 81 51 Q 113 71 q
18 12 DC2 50 32 2 82 52 R 114 72 r
19 13 DC3 51 33 3 83 53 S 115 73 s
20 14 DC4 52 34 4 84 54 T 116 74 t
21 15 NAK 53 35 5 85 55 U 117 75 u
22 16 SYN 54 36 6 86 56 V 118 76 v
23 17 ETB 55 37 7 87 57 W 119 77 w
24 18 CAN 56 38 8 88 58 X 120 78 x
25 19 EM 57 39 9 89 59 Y 121 79 y
26 1A SUB 58 3A : 90 5A Z 122 7A z
27 1B ESC 59 3B ; 91 5B [ 123 7B {
28 1C FS 60 3C < 92 5C / 124 7C |
29 1D GS 61 3D = 93 5D ] 125 7D }
30 1E RS 62 3E > 94 5E ^ 126 7E ~
31 1F US 63 3F ? 95 5F _ 127 7F DEL
*/
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