最近想用gcc来dump一些信息出来,比如说文件依赖关系,ast。google了一下,有两种方法:hack跟plugin。codeviz是通过修改gcc3.4.6来dump出函数调用关系,而VCG是gcc的一个插件,用来可以用来分析控制流图,函数调用图等诸多信息。但gcc是到4.5之后才支持plugin的机制,我机器版本太低,下了gcc4.7.1(各版本的地址http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/),根据官方建议,新建一个目录用于编译,因gcc的make里面,没有clean,不过对我们编译其他开源项目同样有用:ls的时候比较干净:)。
下载依赖库:
GNU Multiple Precision Library (GMP) version 4.3.2 (or later)
在ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure下载并按上述顺序编译。
设置环境变量LD_LIBRARY_PATH,包含上述3个库下的lib目录(重要!)否则会出现如cannot comput subfix(.o)等问题。
../gcc-4.7.1/configure --prefix=/home/changweiwu/usr --with-gmp=/home/changweiwu/usr/ --with-mpfr=/home/changweiwu/usr --with-mpc=/home/changweiwu/usr/ --enable-languages=c,c++
以上在suse的机器上编译通过,但在ubuntu下会有下述问题,需要进行设置头文件、库文件搜索路径:
ISSUE#1
checking for suitable m4... configure: error: No usable m4 in $PATH or /usr/5bin (see config.log for reasons).
Solution:
#sudo apt-get install m4
ISSUE#2
In file included from /usr/include/stdio.h:28:0,
from ../../../../gcc-4.7.0/libgcc/../gcc/tsystem.h:88,
from ../../../../gcc-4.7.0/libgcc/libgcc2.c:29:
/usr/include/features.h:324:26: fatal error: bits/predefs.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
make[5]: *** [_muldi3.o] Error 1
Analysis:
Use 'locate bits/predefs.h' to find the path of this header. (in '/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu')
Solution:
#export C_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/include/i386-linux-gnu && export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=$C_INCLUDE_PATH
ISSUE#3
In file included from /usr/include/features.h:389:0,
from /usr/include/stdio.h:28,
from ../../../../gcc-4.7.0/libgcc/../gcc/tsystem.h:88,
from ../../../../gcc-4.7.0/libgcc/libgcov.c:29:
/usr/include/i386-linux-gnu/gnu/stubs.h:7:27: fatal error: gnu/stubs-32.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
make[5]: *** [_gcov.o] Error 1
Analysis:
Related to libc multilib, disable it with '--disable-multilib' should work.
Solution:
add '--disable-multilib' and 'configure' again, then run 'make'.
ISSUE#4
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find crti.o: No such file or directory
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[3]: *** [libgcc_s.so] Error 1
make[3]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
Analysis:
Use 'locate crti.o' to find this file. (in '/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/crti.o') Set LIBRARY_PATH (LDFLAGS)
Solution:
#export LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu
make && make install