tcp连接超时， 那么可能会出现两次握手后， 客户端发RST包

        先看服务端：

 

#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

int main()
{
	int sockSrv = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

	struct sockaddr_in addrSrv;
	addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET;
	addrSrv.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; 
	addrSrv.sin_port = htons(8765);

	bind(sockSrv, (const struct sockaddr *)&addrSrv, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));

	listen(sockSrv, 5);

	struct sockaddr_in addrClient;
	int len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);

	int sockConn = accept(sockSrv, (struct sockaddr *)&addrClient, (socklen_t*)&len);


	while(1)  
	{  
		char szRecvBuf[50001] = {0};  
		int iRet = recv(sockConn, szRecvBuf, sizeof(szRecvBuf) - 1, 0);  
		printf("iRet is %d\n", iRet);	
  
		getchar();	
		close(sockConn);
	}  

	while(1);
	close(sockSrv);
	
	return 0;
}

       启动它。
 

 

       再来看一个带超时时间的connect函数的客户端程序：

 

#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <time.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) // 注意输入参数, 带上ip和port, 带上超时参数
{
    int sockClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

    struct sockaddr_in addrSrv;
    addrSrv.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
    addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addrSrv.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));

	fcntl(sockClient, F_SETFL, fcntl(sockClient, F_GETFL, 0)|O_NONBLOCK);  
	
    int iRet = connect(sockClient, ( const struct sockaddr *)&addrSrv, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
	printf("connect iRet is %d, errmsg:%s\n", iRet, strerror(errno)); // 返回-1不一定是异常

	if (iRet != 0)  
	{  
	   	if(errno != EINPROGRESS)
		{
			printf("connect error:%s\n",strerror(errno));  
		}
	   	else  
		{
			int nTime = atoi(argv[3]); // 微秒
			struct timeval tm = {0, nTime};	
			fd_set wset, rset;  
			FD_ZERO(&wset);	
			FD_ZERO(&rset);	
			FD_SET(sockClient, &wset);  
			FD_SET(sockClient, &rset); 
			int n = select(sockClient + 1, &rset, &wset, NULL, &tm);  
			if(n < 0)	
			{  
			   printf("select error, n is %d\n", n);  
			}  
			else if(n == 0)  
			{  
			   printf("connect time out\n");  
			}  
			else if (n == 1)  
			{
			   if(FD_ISSET(sockClient, &wset))	
			   {  
				   printf("connect ok!\n");  
				   fcntl(sockClient, F_SETFL, fcntl(sockClient, F_GETFL, 0) & ~O_NONBLOCK);  
			   }  
			   else  
			   {  
				   printf("unknow error:%s\n", strerror(errno));	
			   }  
			}
			else
			{
				printf("oh, not care now, n is %d\n", n);
			}
		}  
	}  

	printf("I am here!\n");
    //getchar();
    close(sockClient);
    return 0;
}

        服务端在10.100.70.140机器上， 且正在监听8765端口， 我们来看看客户端的log和握手过程（connect函数的超时为1微秒）：

 

 

xxxxxx$ ./client 10.100.70.140 8765 1
connect iRet is -1, errmsg:Operation now in progress
connect time out
I am here!

 

 

xxxxxx$ sudo tcpdump -iany port 23456 -Xnlps0
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on any, link-type LINUX_SLL (Linux cooked), capture size 65535 bytes
21:43:40.898224 IP 10.100.70.139.51256 > 10.100.70.140.aequus: Flags [S], seq 948273802, win 14280, options [mss 1428,sackOK,TS val 1560139469 ecr 0,nop,wscale 8], length 0
        0x0000:  4500 003c 5447 4000 4006 4496 0a64 468b  E..<TG@.@.D..dF.
        0x0010:  0a64 468c c838 5ba0 3885 828a 0000 0000  .dF..8[.8.......
        0x0020:  a002 37c8 a20d 0000 0204 0594 0402 080a  ..7.............
        0x0030:  5cfd d6cd 0000 0000 0103 0308 0000 0000  \...............
        0x0040:  0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000            ............
21:43:40.898426 IP 10.100.70.140.aequus > 10.100.70.139.51256: Flags [S.], seq 802450158, ack 948273803, win 14160, options [mss 1428,sackOK,TS val 1560138227 ecr 1560139469,nop,wscale 8], length 0
        0x0000:  4500 003c 0000 4000 4006 98dd 0a64 468c  E..<..@.@....dF.
        0x0010:  0a64 468b 5ba0 c838 2fd4 6aee 3885 828b  .dF.[..8/.j.8...
        0x0020:  a012 3750 9277 0000 0204 0594 0402 080a  ..7P.w..........
        0x0030:  5cfd d1f3 5cfd d6cd 0103 0308 0000 0000  \...\...........
        0x0040:  0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000            ............
21:43:40.898450 IP 10.100.70.139.51256 > 10.100.70.140.aequus: Flags [R], seq 948273803, win 0, length 0
        0x0000:  4500 0028 04e5 4000 4006 940c 0a64 468b  E..(..@.@....dF.
        0x0010:  0a64 468c c838 5ba0 3885 828b 0000 0000  .dF..8[.8.......
        0x0020:  5004 0000 2f18 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000  P.../...........
        0x0030:  0000 0000 0000 0000                      ........

       看到RST了。

 

 

       分析下， syn/ack包是在1微秒之后到达的， 所以客户端的select会超时， 代码走入超时逻辑， 等syn/ack到达时， 客户端代码中的超时逻辑中， 执行了close socket的操作。 于是可以这么认为， 经历两次握手后， 客户端调用close socket,  此时发送了RST.

       OK,  不多说。