Android之自定义ListView

步骤：

一、xml 自定义listview中包含的控件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"/>


</LinearLayout>

二、定义一个实体类，作为ListView适配器的适配类型

public class Fruit {
    private String name;
    private int imageID;

    public Fruit(String name, int imageID) {
        this.name = name;
        this.imageID = imageID;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public int getImageID() {
        return imageID;
    }
}

三、自定义适配器，需要继承于ArrayAdapter，并将泛型指定为Fruit类，新建FruitAdapter

public class FruitAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Fruit> {
    private int resourceID;

    public FruitAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceID, List<Fruit> objects) {
        super(context, textViewResourceID, objects);
        resourceID = textViewResourceID;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        Fruit fruit = getItem(position); // 获取当前项的Fruit实例

        // 普通创建：滚动时会每次都重新加载一遍
        // View view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(resourceID, parent, false);

        // listview优化创建
        /**
         * getView()方法中的的convertView参数，这个参数用于将之前的加载好的布局进行缓存，以便以后复用
         */
        /*
        View view;
        if (convertView == null){
            view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(resourceID, parent, false);
        }else {
            view = convertView;
        }
       
        ImageView fruitImage = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
        TextView fruitName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);

        fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageID());
        fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
        
        return view;
        */

        // 控件优化创建
        View view;
        ViewHolder viewHolder;
        if (convertView == null) {
            view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(resourceID, parent, false);
            viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
            viewHolder.fruitImage = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
            viewHolder.fruitName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
            // 将ViewHodler 存储在View中
            view.setTag(viewHolder);

        } else {
            view = convertView;
            viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();
        }

        viewHolder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageID());
        viewHolder.fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
        return view;
    }
    
    class ViewHolder {
        ImageView fruitImage;
        TextView fruitName;
    }
}
       

四、在需要的页面添加

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
    // 测试数据2 定制listView
    private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        
        // 自定义ListView的界面

        // 初始化水果数据
        initFruits();

        FruitAdapter adapterF = new FruitAdapter(MainActivity.this, R.layout.fruit_item, fruitList);
        ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_view);
        listView.setAdapter(adapterF);

    }

    private void initFruits() {
        for (int i = 0; i<2; i++) {
            Fruit apple = new Fruit("Apple", R.drawable.apple_pic);
            fruitList.add(apple);
        }
    }
}