HOW TO:利用 Visual C# .NET 使 Word 自动新建文档

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/316384/zh-cn

概要

本文分步介绍如何利用 Visual C# .NET 的自动化功能在 Word 中创建新文档。 

代码示例
本文中的代码示例将说明如何完成以下任务:
插入包含文本和格式的段落。
浏览和修改文档中的不同范围。
插入表格、设置表格格式并在表格中填充数据。
添加图表。
要利用 Visual C# .NET 的自动化功能创建新的 Word 文档,请执行以下步骤:
1.启动 Microsoft Visual Studio .NET。在文件菜单上,单击新建,然后单击项目。在项目类型下,单击 Visual C# 项目,然后单击模板下的 Windows 应用程序。默认情况下会创建 Form1。
2.添加对 Microsoft Word 对象库的引用。为此,请按照下列步骤操作:
a.项目菜单上,单击添加引用
b.在 COM 选项卡上,找到 Microsoft Word 对象库,然后单击选择
c.添加引用对话框中单击确定,接受您的选择。如果系统提示您为选定的库生成包装,请单击
3.视图菜单上,选择工具箱以显示工具箱,然后向 Form1 添加一个按钮。
4.双击 Button1。出现该窗体的代码窗口。
5.在代码窗口中,将以下代码
private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
}
					
替换为:
private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
	object oMissing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
	object oEndOfDoc = "//endofdoc"; /* /endofdoc is a predefined bookmark */ 

	//Start Word and create a new document.
	Word._Application oWord;
	Word._Document oDoc;
	oWord = new Word.Application();
	oWord.Visible = true;
	oDoc = oWord.Documents.Add(ref oMissing, ref oMissing,
		ref oMissing, ref oMissing);

	//Insert a paragraph at the beginning of the document.
	Word.Paragraph oPara1;
	oPara1 = oDoc.Content.Paragraphs.Add(ref oMissing);
	oPara1.Range.Text = "Heading 1";
	oPara1.Range.Font.Bold = 1;
	oPara1.Format.SpaceAfter = 24;    //24 pt spacing after paragraph.
	oPara1.Range.InsertParagraphAfter();

	//Insert a paragraph at the end of the document.
	Word.Paragraph oPara2;
	object oRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
	oPara2 = oDoc.Content.Paragraphs.Add(ref oRng);
	oPara2.Range.Text = "Heading 2";
	oPara2.Format.SpaceAfter = 6;
	oPara2.Range.InsertParagraphAfter();

	//Insert another paragraph.
	Word.Paragraph oPara3;
	oRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
	oPara3 = oDoc.Content.Paragraphs.Add(ref oRng);
	oPara3.Range.Text = "This is a sentence of normal text. Now here is a table:";
	oPara3.Range.Font.Bold = 0;
	oPara3.Format.SpaceAfter = 24;
	oPara3.Range.InsertParagraphAfter();

	//Insert a 3 x 5 table, fill it with data, and make the first row
	//bold and italic.
	Word.Table oTable;
	Word.Range wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
	oTable = oDoc.Tables.Add(wrdRng, 3, 5, ref oMissing, ref oMissing);
	oTable.Range.ParagraphFormat.SpaceAfter = 6;
	int r, c;
	string strText;
	for(r = 1; r <= 3; r++)
		for(c = 1; c <= 5; c++)
		{
			strText = "r" + r + "c" + c;
			oTable.Cell(r, c).Range.Text = strText;
		}
	oTable.Rows[1].Range.Font.Bold = 1;
	oTable.Rows[1].Range.Font.Italic = 1;

	//Add some text after the table.
	Word.Paragraph oPara4;
	oRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
	oPara4 = oDoc.Content.Paragraphs.Add(ref oRng);
	oPara4.Range.InsertParagraphBefore();
	oPara4.Range.Text = "And here's another table:";
	oPara4.Format.SpaceAfter = 24;
	oPara4.Range.InsertParagraphAfter();

	//Insert a 5 x 2 table, fill it with data, and change the column widths.
	wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
	oTable = oDoc.Tables.Add(wrdRng, 5, 2, ref oMissing, ref oMissing);
	oTable.Range.ParagraphFormat.SpaceAfter = 6;
	for(r = 1; r <= 5; r++)
		for(c = 1; c <= 2; c++)
		{
			strText = "r" + r + "c" + c;
			oTable.Cell(r, c).Range.Text = strText;
		}
	oTable.Columns[1].Width = oWord.InchesToPoints(2); //Change width of columns 1 & 2
	oTable.Columns[2].Width = oWord.InchesToPoints(3);

	//Keep inserting text. When you get to 7 inches from top of the
	//document, insert a hard page break.
	object oPos;
	double dPos = oWord.InchesToPoints(7);
	oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range.InsertParagraphAfter();
	do
	{
		wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
		wrdRng.ParagraphFormat.SpaceAfter = 6;
		wrdRng.InsertAfter("A line of text");
		wrdRng.InsertParagraphAfter();
		oPos = wrdRng.get_Information
                       (Word.WdInformation.wdVerticalPositionRelativeToPage);
	}
	while(dPos >= Convert.ToDouble(oPos));
	object oCollapseEnd = Word.WdCollapseDirection.wdCollapseEnd;
	object oPageBreak = Word.WdBreakType.wdPageBreak;
	wrdRng.Collapse(ref oCollapseEnd);
	wrdRng.InsertBreak(ref oPageBreak);
	wrdRng.Collapse(ref oCollapseEnd);
	wrdRng.InsertAfter("We're now on page 2. Here's my chart:");
	wrdRng.InsertParagraphAfter();

	//Insert a chart.
	Word.InlineShape oShape;
	object oClassType = "MSGraph.Chart.8";
	wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
	oShape = wrdRng.InlineShapes.AddOLEObject(ref oClassType, ref oMissing, 
		ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing,
		ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing);

	//Demonstrate use of late bound oChart and oChartApp objects to
	//manipulate the chart object with MSGraph.
	object oChart;
	object oChartApp;
	oChart = oShape.OLEFormat.Object;
	oChartApp = oChart.GetType().InvokeMember("Application",
		BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, oChart, null);

	//Change the chart type to Line.
	object[] Parameters = new Object[1];
	Parameters[0] = 4; //xlLine = 4
	oChart.GetType().InvokeMember("ChartType", BindingFlags.SetProperty,
		null, oChart, Parameters);

	//Update the chart image and quit MSGraph.
	oChartApp.GetType().InvokeMember("Update",
		BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, oChartApp, null);
	oChartApp.GetType().InvokeMember("Quit",
		BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, oChartApp, null);
	//... If desired, you can proceed from here using the Microsoft Graph 
	//Object model on the oChart and oChartApp objects to make additional
	//changes to the chart.

	//Set the width of the chart.
	oShape.Width = oWord.InchesToPoints(6.25f);
	oShape.Height = oWord.InchesToPoints(3.57f);

	//Add text after the chart.
	wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;
	wrdRng.InsertParagraphAfter();
	wrdRng.InsertAfter("THE END.");

	//Close this form.
	this.Close();
}
					
6.滚动到代码窗口的顶部。将下面的代码行添加到 using 指令列表的末尾:
using Word = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word;
using System.Reflection;
					
7.按 F5 键生成并运行程序。
8.单击 Button1,启动 Word 自动化功能并创建文档。
代码执行完成后,检查为您创建的文档。该文档包含两页设置了格式的段落、表格和图表。 

使用模板
如果您要使用自动化功能创建的文档都是通用格式,则利用基于预设格式的模板的新文档来开始创建过程会更加容易。与从头创建文档相比,将某个模板与 Word 自动化客户端配合使用有两大优点:
您可以对整个文档中的对象的格式设置和布局施加更多控制。
可以使用较少的代码创建文档。
通过使用模板,可以精确地调整表格、段落和其他对象在文档中的布局,并可为这些对象添加格式设置。通过使用自动化功能,可以基于包含下面这样的代码的模板创建新文档:
object oTemplate = "c://MyTemplate.dot";
oDoc = oWord.Documents.Add(ref oTemplate, ref oMissing,
	ref oMissing, ref oMissing);
				
在模板中,可以定义书签,这样,自动化客户端就可以在文档的特定位置加入可变文本,如下所示:
object oBookMark = "MyBookmark";
oDoc.Bookmarks.Item(ref oBookMark).Range.Text = "Some Text Here";
				
使用模板的另一个优点在于,您可以创建和存储希望在运行时应用的格式样式,如下所示:
object oStyleName = "MyStyle";
oDoc.Bookmarks.Item(ref oBookMark).Range.set_Style(ref oStyleName);
				
- 或者 -
object oStyleName = "MyStyle";
oWord.Selection.set_Style(ref oStyleName);
				

参考

有关其他信息,请单击下面的文章编号,以查看 Microsoft 知识库中相应的文章:
301659 HOWTO:利用 Visual C# .NET 使 Microsoft Word 自动执行邮件合并
302902 HOWTO:用 Visual C# .NET 进行 Office 自动化服务器的绑定
有关详细信息,请访问下面的 Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN) 网站:
Microsoft Office Development with Visual Studio(使用 Visual Studio 进行 Microsoft Office 开发)
http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa188489(office.10).aspx

Word in the Office (MSDN Online Article)(Office 中的 Word(MSDN 联机文章))
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dnofftalk/html/office112000.asp

One More Word (MSDN Online Article)(补充说明(MSDN 联机文章))
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dnofftalk/html/office12072000.asp

这篇文章中的信息适用于:
Microsoft Visual C# .NET 2002 标准版
Microsoft Visual C# .NET 2003 标准版
Microsoft Word 2002 标准版
 
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