学习c++中，练手用
图书管理系统简易版（C++）
一、开发背景
在信息技术发展迅速的大背景下，采用图书管理系统对图书企业的经营运作进行全程管理，提高企业的管理效率，降低企业的管理成本，增加经济效益。
二、需求分析
1、能够对图书信息进行集中管理；
2、能够大大提高管理人员的工作效率；
3、能够对图书的部分信息进行查询；
三、系统设计
能够实现图书的增、删、查三个功能，‘改’功能仍在设计中。
系统预览：
该系统共分为添加新书、浏览全部、删除图书三个模块来编写，首先我们需要创建一个CBook类来实现图书信息的写入、删除、浏览，CBook类中包含m_cName、m_cIsbn、m_cPrice、m_cAuthor四个成员变量分别代表图书的书名、ISBN号、价格、作者，另外该类中还有一些设置属性和获取属性的成员函数，CBook类设计图如下：
CBook.h
#pragma once
#define NUM1 128
#define NUM2 30
class CBook {
public:
CBook(){}
CBook(char* cName, char* cIsbn, char* cPrice, char* cAuthor);
~CBook(){}
public:
char* getName();
char* getIsbn();
char* getPrice();
char* getAuthor();
void setName(char* cName);
void setIsbn(char* cIsbn);
void setPrice(char* cPrice);
void setAuthor(char* cAuthor);
void writeData();
void deleteData(int iCount);
void getBookFromFile(int iCount);
protected:
char m_cName[NUM1];
char m_cIsbn[NUM1];
char m_cPrice[NUM2];
char m_cAuthor[NUM2];
};
CBook,cpp
#include "Book.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<fstream>
using namespace std;
CBook::CBook(char* cName, char* cIsbn, char* cPrice, char* cAuthor) {
strncpy_s(m_cName, sizeof(m_cName), cName, NUM1);
strncpy_s(m_cIsbn, sizeof(m_cIsbn), cIsbn, NUM1);
strncpy_s(m_cPrice, sizeof(m_cPrice), cPrice, NUM2);
strncpy_s(m_cAuthor, sizeof(m_cAuthor), cAuthor, NUM2);
}
char* CBook::getName(){
return m_cName;
}
char* CBook::getIsbn() {
return m_cIsbn;
}
char* CBook::getPrice() {
return m_cPrice;
}
char* CBook::getAuthor() {
return m_cAuthor;
}
void CBook::setName(char* cName) {
strncpy_s(m_cName, sizeof(m_cName), cName, NUM1);
}
void CBook::setIsbn(char* cIsbn) {
strncpy_s(m_cIsbn, sizeof(m_cIsbn), cIsbn, NUM1);
}
void CBook::setPrice(char* cPrice) {
strncpy_s(m_cPrice, sizeof(m_cPrice), cPrice, NUM2);
}
void CBook::setAuthor(char* cAuthor) {
strncpy_s(m_cAuthor, sizeof(m_cAuthor), cAuthor, NUM2);
}
void CBook::writeData() {
ofstream ofile;
ofile.open("book.dat", ios::binary | ios::app);
try {
ofile.write(m_cName, NUM1);
ofile.write(m_cIsbn, NUM1);
ofile.write(m_cPrice, NUM2);
ofile.write(m_cAuthor, NUM2);
}
catch(...){
throw "file error occurred";
ofile.close();
}
ofile.close();
}
void CBook::deleteData(int iCount) {
long respos;
int iDataCount = 0;
fstream file;
fstream tmpfile;
ofstream ofile;
char cTempBuf[NUM1 + NUM1 + NUM2 + NUM2];
file.open("book.dat", ios::binary | ios::in | ios::out);
tmpfile.open("temp.dat", ios::binary | ios::in | ios::out | ios::trunc);
file.seekg(0, ios::end);
respos = file.tellg();
iDataCount = respos / (NUM1 + NUM1 + NUM2 + NUM2);
if (iCount < 0 && iCount > iDataCount) {
throw "input number error";
}
else {
file.seekg(iCount * (NUM1 + NUM1 + NUM2 + NUM2), ios::beg);
for (int j = 0; j < (iDataCount - iCount); j++) {
memset(cTempBuf, 0, NUM1 + NUM1 + NUM2 + NUM2);
file.read(cTempBuf, NUM1 + NUM1 + NUM2 + NUM2);
tmpfile.write(cTempBuf, NUM1 + NUM1 + NUM2 + NUM2);
}
file.close();
tmpfile.seekg(0, ios::beg);
ofile.open("book.dat");
ofile.seekp((iCount - 1) * (NUM1 + NUM1 + NUM2 + NUM2), ios::beg);
for (int i = 0; i < (iDataCount - iCount); i++) {
memset(cTempBuf, 0, NUM1 + NUM1 + NUM2 + NUM2);
tmpfile.read(cTempBuf, NUM1 + NUM1 + NUM2 + NUM2);
ofile.write(cTempBuf, NUM1 + NUM1 + NUM2 + NUM2);
}
}
tmpfile.close();
ofile.close();
remove("temp.dat");
}
void CBook::getBookFromFile(int iCount) {
char cName[NUM1];
char cIsbn[NUM1];
char cPrice[NUM2];
char cAuthor[NUM2];
ifstream ifile;
ifile.open("book.dat", ios::binary);
try {
ifile.seekg(iCount * (NUM1 + NUM1 + NUM2 + NUM2), ios::beg);
ifile.read(cName, NUM1);
if(ifile.tellg() > 0)
strncpy_s(m_cName, sizeof(m_cName), cName, NUM1);
ifile.read(cIsbn, NUM1);
if (ifile.tellg() > 0)
strncpy_s(m_cIsbn, sizeof(m_cIsbn), cIsbn, NUM1);
ifile.read(cPrice, NUM2);
if (ifile.tellg() > 0)
strncpy_s(m_cPrice, sizeof(m_cPrice), cPrice, NUM2);
ifile.read(cAuthor, NUM2);
if (ifile.tellg() > 0)
strncpy_s(m_cAuthor, sizeof(m_cAuthor), cAuthor, NUM2);
}
catch (...) {
throw "file error occurred";
ifile.close();
}
ifile.close();
}
CBook类设计完毕，系统基本就成型了，接下来设计主窗口和增删查实现代码：
Main.cpp
#include "Book.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <fstream>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define CMD_COLS 80
#define CMD_LINES 25
using namespace std;
void setScreenGrid(); //设置屏幕显示的行数和列数
void clearScreen(); //清屏
void setSysCaption(const char* pText); //设置窗体标题栏
void showWelcome(); //显示欢迎信息
void showRootMenu(); //显示开始菜单
void waitView(int iCurPage); //浏览数据时等待数据操作
void waitUser(); //等待用户操作
void guideInput(); //使用向导添加图书信息
int getSelect(); //获得用户菜单选择
long getFileLength(ifstream& ifs); //获取文件长度
void viewData(int iSelPage); //浏览所有图书记录
void deleteBookFromFile(); //在文件中产生图书信息
void mainloop(); //主循环
int main()
{
mainloop();
}
void setScreenGrid() //设置屏幕显示的行数和列数
{
char sysSetBuf[80];
sprintf_s(sysSetBuf, sizeof(sysSetBuf),"mode con cols=%d lines=%d", CMD_COLS, CMD_LINES);
system(sysSetBuf);
}
void clearScreen() //清屏
{
system("cls");
}
void setSysCaption(const char* pText) //设置窗体标题栏
{
system("title sample");
}
void showWelcome() //显示欢迎信息
{
for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
cout << endl;
}
cout << setw(66) << "--------------" << endl;
cout << setw(66) << "图书馆管理系统" << endl;
cout << setw(66) << "--------------" << endl;
}
void showRootMenu() //显示开始菜单
{
cout << setw(64) << "请选择功能" << endl << endl;
cout << setw(64) << "1 添加新书" << endl << endl;
cout << setw(64) << "2 浏览全部" << endl << endl;
cout << setw(64) << "3 删除图书" << endl;
}
void waitView(int iCurPage) //浏览数据时等待数据操作
{
char a;
cout << "m 显示上一页 n 显示下一页 q 返回主菜單" << endl;
cin >> a;
if (a == 'm') {
if (iCurPage == 1) viewData(iCurPage);
else viewData(iCurPage - 1);
}
else if (a == 'n') {
viewData(iCurPage);
}
else if (a == 'q') {
system("exit");
}
else system("exit");
}
void waitUser() //等待用户操作
{
int iInputPage = 0;
cout << "q返回主菜單" << endl;
char buf[256];
cin >> buf;
if (buf[0] == 'q') {
system("exit");
}
else system("exit");
}
void guideInput() //使用向导添加图书信息
{
char inName[NUM1];
char inIsbn[NUM1];
char inPrice[NUM2];
char inAuthor[NUM2];
cout << "输入书名: ";
cin >> inName;
cout << "输入ISBN: ";
cin >> inIsbn;
cout << "输入价格: ";
cin >> inPrice;
cout << "输入作者: ";
cin >> inAuthor;
CBook book(inName, inIsbn, inPrice, inAuthor);
book.writeData();
cout << "Write Finish!" << endl;
waitUser();
}
int getSelect() //获得用户菜单选择
{
char buf[256];
cin >> buf;
return atoi(buf);
}
long getFileLength(ifstream& ifs) //获取文件长度
{
long tmppos;
long respos;
tmppos = ifs.tellg();
ifs.seekg(0, ios::end);
respos = ifs.tellg();
ifs.seekg(tmppos, ios::beg);
return respos;
}
void viewData(int iSelPage) //浏览所有图书记录
{
int iPage = 0;
int iCurPage = 0;
int iDataCount = 0;
char inName[NUM1];
char inIsbn[NUM1];
char inPrice[NUM2];
char inAuthor[NUM2];
bool bIndex = false;
int iFileLength;
iCurPage = iSelPage;
ifstream ifile;
ifile.open("book.dat", ios::binary);
iFileLength = getFileLength(ifile);
iDataCount = iFileLength / (NUM1 + NUM1 + NUM2 + NUM2);
if (iDataCount > 0) {
bIndex = true;
}
iPage = iDataCount / 20 + 1;
clearScreen();
cout << "共有图书" << " " << iDataCount << " ";
cout << "共有页数" << " " << iPage << " ";
cout << "当前页数" << " " << iCurPage << " " << endl;
cout << setw(5) << "Index";
cout << setw(22) << "Name";
cout << setw(22) << "Isbn";
cout << setw(20) << "Price";
cout << setw(25) << "Author" << endl;
try {
ifile.seekg((iCurPage - 1) * 20 * (NUM1 + NUM1 + NUM2 + NUM2), ios::beg);
if (!ifile.fail()) {
for (int i = 1; i < 21; i++) {
memset(inName, 0, 128);
memset(inIsbn, 0, 128);
memset(inPrice, 0, 30);
memset(inAuthor, 0, 30);
if (bIndex)
cout << setw(3) << (iCurPage - 1) * 20 + i;
ifile.read(inName, NUM1);
cout << setw(26) << inName;
ifile.read(inIsbn, NUM1);
cout << setw(26) << inIsbn;
ifile.read(inPrice, NUM2);
cout << setw(14) << inPrice;
ifile.read(inAuthor, NUM2);
cout << setw(25) << inAuthor << endl;
if (ifile.tellg() < 0)
bIndex = false;
else
bIndex = true;
}
}
}
catch (...) {
cout << "throw file exception" << endl;
throw "file error occurred";
ifile.close();
}
if (iCurPage < iPage) {
iCurPage++;
waitView(iCurPage);
}
else {
waitView(iCurPage);
}
ifile.close();
}
void deleteBookFromFile() //在文件中产生图书信息
{
int iDelCount;
cout << "input delete index" << endl;
cin >> iDelCount;
CBook tmpbook;
tmpbook.deleteData(iDelCount);
cout << "Delete Finish" << endl;
waitUser();
}
void mainloop() //主循环
{
showWelcome();
while (1) {
clearScreen();
showWelcome();
showRootMenu();
switch (getSelect()) {
case 1:
clearScreen();
guideInput();
break;
case 2:
clearScreen();
viewData(1);
break;
case 3:
clearScreen();
deleteBookFromFile();
break;
}
}
}
系统最终演示‘浏览全部’：
————————————————————分割线——————————————————————
系统仍在改进，博客持续更新。
644
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
