网络管理自动化 - nornir 3.0 入门（1）

 

1. 基础配置

目录结构如下：

.
|-- config.yaml  #配置文件，定义设备库的路径，线程等
|-- inventory
|   |-- defaults.yaml  #所有设备默认配置
|   |-- groups.yaml  #组内设备共有配置
|   |-- hosts.yaml  #单个设备配置
|-- main.py  #运行文件

config.yaml 内容如下：

---
inventory:
        plugin: SimpleInventory
        options:
                host_file: "inventory/hosts.yaml"
                group_file: "inventory/groups.yaml"
                defaults_file: "inventory/defaults.yaml"
runner:
        plugin: threaded
        options:
                num_workers: 100

hosts.yaml 内容如下：

---
R1.cc:
        hostname: 10.0.0.241
        port: 22
        platform: cisco_ios
        groups:
                - router
        data:
                interfaces: {"Gi0/3": "10.0.0.241/24"}

CS1.cc:
        hostname: 10.0.0.242
        platform: cisco_ios
        groups:
                - switch

AS1.cc:
        hostname: 10.0.0.243
        platform: cisco_ios
        groups:
                - access
                - switch
AS2.cc:
        hostname: 10.0.0.244
        platform: cisco_ios
        groups:
                - access
                - switch

groups.yaml 内容如下：

---
access:
        data:
                vlans:
                        10: pc
                        20: phone
                        30: printer
router:
        data:

switch:
        data:

defaults.yaml 内容如下：

---
username: user
password: password

main.py 内容如下：(注：以下代码只适合nornir 3.0以上，因新版nornir的plugin需要额外安装。）

from nornir import InitNornir
from nornir_netmiko import netmiko_send_command
from nornir_utils.plugins.functions import print_result
from nornir.core.filter import F

nr = InitNornir(config_file="config.yaml")

#print(nr.inventory.hosts)

#print(nr.inventory.groups)

#print(host["vlans"])

host = nr.inventory.hosts["AS2.cc"]

assw = nr.filter(F(groups__contains="access"))

result = assw.run(netmiko_send_command, command_string="sh ip int brief")

print_result(result)

2. 运行测试

$ python main.py
netmiko_send_command************************************************************
* AS1.cc ** changed : False ***************************************************
vvvv netmiko_send_command ** changed : False vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv INFO
Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0     unassigned      YES unset  up                    up
GigabitEthernet0/1     unassigned      YES unset  up                    up
GigabitEthernet0/2     unassigned      YES unset  up                    up
GigabitEthernet0/3     10.0.0.243      YES manual up                    up
GigabitEthernet1/0     unassigned      YES unset  up                    up
GigabitEthernet1/1     unassigned      YES unset  up                    up
GigabitEthernet1/2     unassigned      YES unset  up                    up
GigabitEthernet1/3     unassigned      YES unset  up                    up
^^^^ END netmiko_send_command ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
* AS2.cc ** changed : False ***************************************************
vvvv netmiko_send_command ** changed : False vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv INFO
Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0     unassigned      YES unset  up                    up
GigabitEthernet0/1     unassigned      YES unset  up                    up
GigabitEthernet0/2     unassigned      YES unset  up                    up
GigabitEthernet0/3     10.0.0.244      YES manual up                    up
GigabitEthernet1/0     unassigned      YES unset  up                    up
GigabitEthernet1/1     unassigned      YES unset  up                    up
GigabitEthernet1/2     unassigned      YES unset  up                    up
GigabitEthernet1/3     unassigned      YES unset  up                    up
Vlan1                  unassigned      YES manual administratively down down
^^^^ END netmiko_send_command ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^