1.在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet前端控制器
<!--配置DispatcherServlet,是SpringMVC的前端控制器,所有的请求都经过它-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--DispatcherServlet要绑定spring的配置文件-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!--启动级别:1 ,和服务器一起启动-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<!--
/:只匹配所有的请求,不回去匹配jsp页面
/*:匹配所有的请求,包括jsp页面
-->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
编写spring-mvc.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
</beans>
2.HandlerMapping为处理映射器,它根据url查找Handler(在spring-mvc.xml中进行配置)
<!--处理器映射器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
<!--将自己的类交给SpringIOC容器,注册bean-->
<bean id="/hello" class="com.springMVC.controller.HelloController"/>
3,4 HandlerExecution表示具体的Handler,它将解析后的信息传递给DispatcherServlet
5.HandlerAdapter表示处理器适配器,按照特定的规则去执行Handler
<!--处理器适配器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
6.Handler让具体的controller执行
public class HelloController implements Controller {
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
//业务代码
String result = "Hello SpringMVC";
mv.addObject("msg",result);
//视图跳转(只需要写视图的名字,视图解析器会自动帮我们匹配)
mv.setViewName("hello");
return mv;
}
}
7.controller将执行后的信息返回给HandlerAdapter
8.HandlerAdapter将要跳转的视图名或者逻辑模型传递给DispatcherServlet
9.DiapatcherServlet调用视图解析器(ViewResolve)来解析
HandlerAdapter传来的逻辑视图名
<!--视图解析器-->
<bean id="InternalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!--前缀,只需要传入名字,自动匹配路径-->
<property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"/>
<!--后缀-->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
运行结果