spring mvc框架通过model-view-controller模式来更好的将数据,业务,与展现进行分类,从这样一个角度说,springmvc 和struts2非常相似的
spring mvc的是设计师围绕dispatcherServlet展开的,dispatcherServlet负责将请求派发给特定的handler通过配置handlermapping,handlermapping将传给对应的controller,controller返回modelandview,moviewResolution来处理请求并且转到对应的视图。
整体的流程如图:
springmvc helloworld
整体目录结构
1.配置web.xml。此处是配置dispathverServlet。dispatcherServlet把请求给转发到具体的控制类。
<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-appversion="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<!-- 中央转发器dispacherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
2.在webRoot/Web-INFO下新建springmvc-servlet.xml文件。配置controller,handlermapping,viewResolver,interceptor。
<pre name="code" class="html"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd ">
<!-- 配置文件:配置组件controller,handlermapping(有默认规则,viewResolver,interceptor)-->
<!-- 视图解析器 viewResolver-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 配置从项目根目录到指定目录一端路径,此目录表示访问前段路径为/WEB-INF/jsp/的jsp文件 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<!-- 文件的后缀名为jsp -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置controller -->
<bean id="testController" name="/hello.do" class="com.roy.controller.TestController"/>
</beans>
需要注意的地方是此配置文件的命名要与web.xml中配置的servlet-name节点的名称相同。
3.写controller,modelAndView会被视图解析器解析自动加上前缀和后缀。
package com.roy.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;
public class TestController extends AbstractController {
@Override
protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest arg0,
HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
System.out.println("hello controller");
//modelAndView会被视图解析器解析自动加上前缀和后缀,/WEB-INF/jsp/index.jsp
return new ModelAndView("index");
}
}
4.index.jsp,mvc中的view.
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
hello springmvc <br>
</body>
</html>
接下来部署到部署就可以了。