字符串查找替换操作

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-29 21:39:02 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-07-29 21:39:02 发布

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分类专栏： c/c++

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/sunnylion1982/article/details/45457147

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字符串查找

Finder是一个搜索某个容器的任意部分的仿函数，一般无法单独使用。搜索的结果以一个限定所选择的部分的iterator_range的形式给出。常用于函数
find,
find_format, find_format_copy,
find_format_all, find_format_all_copy
find_iterator的工厂方法: make_find_iterator, make_split_iterator
find_iterator的构造函数: find_iterator, split_iterator
iter_find, iter_split

[cpp]view plaincopyprint? 
   

namespace boost {
namespace algorithm {
template<typename RangeT, typename FinderT>
iterator_range< typename range_iterator< RangeT >::type >
find(RangeT &, const FinderT &);
}
}
template<typename SequenceT, typename FinderT, typename FormatterT>
void find_format(SequenceT & Input, FinderT Finder, FormatterT Formatter);
namespace boost {
namespace algorithm {
template<typename OutputIteratorT, typename RangeT, typename FinderT, typename FormatterT>
OutputIteratorT
find_format_copy(OutputIteratorT, const RangeT &, FinderT, FormatterT);
template<typename SequenceT, typename FinderT, typename FormatterT>
SequenceT find_format_copy(const SequenceT &, FinderT, FormatterT);
template<typename SequenceT, typename FinderT, typename FormatterT>
void find_format(SequenceT &, FinderT, FormatterT);
template<typename OutputIteratorT, typename RangeT, typename FinderT, typename FormatterT>
OutputIteratorT
find_format_all_copy(OutputIteratorT, const RangeT &, FinderT, FormatterT);
template<typename SequenceT, typename FinderT, typename FormatterT>
SequenceT find_format_all_copy(const SequenceT &, FinderT, FormatterT);
template<typename SequenceT, typename FinderT, typename FormatterT>
void find_format_all(SequenceT &, FinderT, FormatterT);
}
}
template<typename SequenceT, typename FinderT, typename FormatterT>
void find_format_all(SequenceT & Input, FinderT Finder, FormatterT Formatter);
template<typename OutputIteratorT, typename RangeT, typename FinderT, typename FormatterT>
OutputIteratorT
find_format_all_copy(OutputIteratorT Output, const RangeT & Input,
FinderT Finder, FormatterT Formatter);
template<typename SequenceT, typename FinderT, typename FormatterT>
SequenceT
find_format_all_copy(const SequenceT & Input, FinderT Finder,
FormatterT Formatter);
namespace boost {
namespace algorithm {
template<typename IteratorT> class find_iterator;
template<typename IteratorT> class split_iterator;
template<typename RangeT, typename FinderT>
find_iterator< typename range_iterator< RangeT >::type >
make_find_iterator(RangeT &, FinderT);
template<typename RangeT, typename FinderT>
split_iterator< typename range_iterator< RangeT >::type >
make_split_iterator(RangeT &, FinderT);
}
}
template<typename IteratorT>
class find_iterator {
public:
// construct/copy/destruct
find_iterator();
find_iterator(const find_iterator &);
template<typename FinderT> find_iterator(IteratorT, IteratorT, FinderT);
template<typename FinderT, typename RangeT> find_iterator(RangeT &, FinderT);
// public member functions
bool eof() const;
// private member functions
const match_type & dereference() const;
void increment();
bool equal(const find_iterator &) const;
};
template<typename IteratorT>
class split_iterator {
public:
// construct/copy/destruct
split_iterator();
split_iterator(const split_iterator &);
template<typename FinderT> split_iterator(IteratorT, IteratorT, FinderT);
template<typename FinderT, typename RangeT>
split_iterator(RangeT &, FinderT);
// public member functions
bool eof() const;
// private member functions
const match_type & dereference() const;
void increment();
bool equal(const split_iterator &) const;
};
template<typename SequenceSequenceT, typename RangeT, typename FinderT>
SequenceSequenceT &
iter_find(SequenceSequenceT & Result, RangeT & Input, FinderT Finder);
template<typename SequenceSequenceT, typename RangeT, typename FinderT>
SequenceSequenceT &
iter_split(SequenceSequenceT & Result, RangeT & Input, FinderT Finder);

在find_iterator与split_iterator上运用的例子

[cpp]view plaincopyprint? 
   

void test_string_finder()
{
using namespace boost;
// 在find函数中使用
std::string strSrc1 = "This is a chair, and that is a desk.";
iterator_range<std::string::iterator> ir = find(strSrc1, first_finder("is"));
// make_find_iterator, find_iterator
find_iterator<std::string::iterator> fi1 = make_find_iterator(strSrc1, first_finder("is"));
find_iterator<std::string::iterator> fi2 = find_iterator<std::string::iterator>(strSrc1, first_finder("is"));
// 有三个is
for (fi1; !fi1.eof(); ++fi1)
{
std::cout << *fi1 << std::endl;
}
// make_split_iterator, split_iterator
split_iterator<std::string::iterator> si1 = make_split_iterator(strSrc1, first_finder("is"));
split_iterator<std::string::iterator> si2 = split_iterator<std::string::iterator>(strSrc1, first_finder("is"));
for (si1; !si1.eof(); ++si1)
{
std::string str = copy_range<std::string>(*si1);
std::cout << *si1 << ": " << str.length() << std::endl;
}
}

[python]view plaincopyprint? 
   

#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <boost/algorithm/string/case_conv.hpp>
#include <boost/algorithm/string/find.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace boost;
int main()
{
cout << "* Find Example *" << endl << endl;
string str1("abc___cde___efg");
string str2("abc");
// find "cde" substring
iterator_range<string::iterator> range=find_first( str1, string("cde") );
// convert a substring to upper case
// note that iterator range can be directly passed to the algorithm
to_upper( range );
cout << "str1 with upper-cased part matching cde: " << str1 << endl;
// get a head of the string
iterator_range<string::iterator> head=find_head( str1, 3 );
cout << "head(3) of the str1: " << string( head.begin(), head.end() ) << endl;
// get the tail
head=find_tail( str2, 5 );
cout << "tail(5) of the str2: " << string( head.begin(), head.end() ) << endl;
// char processing
char text[]="hello dolly!";
iterator_range<char*> crange=find_last(text,"ll");
// transform the range ( add 1 )
transform( crange.begin(), crange.end(), crange.begin(), bind2nd( plus<char>(), 1 ) );
// uppercase the range
to_upper( crange );
cout << text << endl;
cout << endl;
return 0;
}

字符串替换

1、std::String 方法

#include<string>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

//第一种替换字符串的方法用replace()
void string_replace(string&s1,const string&s2,const string&s3)
{
	string::size_type pos=0;
	string::size_type a=s2.size();
	string::size_type b=s3.size();
	while((pos=s1.find(s2,pos))!=string::npos)
	{
		s1.replace(pos,a,s3);
		pos+=b;
	}
}

//第二种替换字符串的方法用erase()和insert()
void string_replace_2(string&s1,const string&s2,const string&s3)
{
	string::size_type pos=0;
	string::size_type a=s2.size();
	string::size_type b=s3.size();
	while((pos=s1.find(s2,pos))!=string::npos)
	{
		s1.erase(pos,a);
		s1.insert(pos,s3);
		pos+=b;
	}
}

2、boost库的正则表达式

#include <stdio.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <iterator>
#include <boost/regex.hpp>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
printf("Hello, world\n");
std::string in("my is test !  ... ..'");
boost::regex e1("'");
std::string result = boost::regex_replace(in,e1,"\'", boost::match_default | boost::format_all);
std::cout << result << std::endl;
return 0;

}

3、boost库的字符串相关算法

Erase/Replace

boost把erase和replace函数分开来列了，这样的好处是命名比较清晰，但不好的地方时函数变得非常多，不如重载的形式那么好记。replace的函数有replace_all() 、replace_first()、 replace_last() 以及它们的变体，加上erase，共有20多种，这里就不一一列举了。

cout << replace_all_copy(string("hello world"), "l", "-") << endl;