设计模式------单例模式

一、 定义
单例模式（Singleton），保证一个类仅有一个实例，并提供一个访问它的全局访问点。
二、 示例代码

package org.example.singletonmodel;

/*
* 饿汉式，类一加载，对象就被创建在内存了
* */
public class HungrySingleto {
    private static HungrySingleto hs = new HungrySingleto();
    private HungrySingleto(){}
    public static HungrySingleto getInstance(){
        return hs;
    }
}

package org.example.singletonmodel;

/*
* 懒汉模式，对象会在用到的时候被加载，对象延迟加载
* 此模式在多线程中会不安全
* */
public class LazySingleton {
    private LazySingleton(){}
    private static LazySingleton ls = null;
    public static LazySingleton getInstance(){
        if(ls == null)
            ls = new LazySingleton();
        return ls;
    }
}

package org.example.singletonmodel;

/*
* 懒汉式，线程安全的
 */
public class LazySynSingleton {
    private LazySynSingleton(){}
    private static LazySynSingleton lss = null;
    public static synchronized LazySynSingleton getInstance(){
        if(lss == null){
            lss = new LazySynSingleton();
        }
        return lss;
    }
}

package org.example.singletonmodel;

/*
* 懒汉式，线程安全高效，当lshs！=null的时候不用判断安全锁，因而高效
* 双锁机制
* */
public class LazySynHSingleton {
    private LazySynHSingleton(){}
    private static LazySynHSingleton lshs = null;
    public static LazySynHSingleton getInstance(){
        if (lshs == null){
            synchronized (LazySynHSingleton.class){
                if(lshs == null)
                   lshs = new LazySynHSingleton();
            }
        }
        return lshs;
    }
}

测试

package org.example.singletonmodel;

public class SingletonModelTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HungrySingleto hs1 = HungrySingleto.getInstance();
        HungrySingleto hs2 = HungrySingleto.getInstance();

        System.out.println(hs1 == hs2);
        LazySingleton ls1 = LazySingleton.getInstance();
        LazySingleton ls2 = LazySingleton.getInstance();
        System.out.println(ls1 == ls2);

        LazySynSingleton lss1 = LazySynSingleton.getInstance();
        LazySynSingleton lss2 = LazySynSingleton.getInstance();
        System.out.println(lss1 == lss2);

        LazySynHSingleton lshs1 = LazySynHSingleton.getInstance();
        LazySynHSingleton lshs2 = LazySynHSingleton.getInstance();
        System.out.println(lshs1 == lshs2);

    }
}