java执行shell命令
1.导入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.ethz.ganymed</groupId>
<artifactId>ganymed-ssh2</artifactId>
<version>build210</version>
</dependency>
<!-- ssh -->
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.ethz.ganymed</groupId>
<artifactId>ganymed-ssh2</artifactId>
<version>262</version>
</dependency>
第一种是使用Runtime类并调用其exec方法。
第二种也是更可定制的方法是创建和使用ProcessBuilder实例。
方案1. Runtime.exec()
对Runtime.exec()的方法调用是一种生成新的子进程的简单方法,但尚未自定义。
在以下示例中,我们将请求用户主目录的目录列表,并将其打印到控制台:
String homeDirectory = System.getProperty("user.home");
Process process;
if (isWindows) {
process = Runtime.getRuntime()
.exec(String.format("cmd.exe /c dir %s", homeDirectory));
} else {
process = Runtime.getRuntime()
.exec(String.format("sh -c ls %s", homeDirectory));
}
StreamGobbler streamGobbler =
new StreamGobbler(process.getInputStream(), System.out::println);
Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().submit(streamGobbler);
int exitCode = process.waitFor();
assert exitCode == 0;
方案2: ProcessBuilder
对于我们的计算问题的第二种实现,我们将使用ProcessBuilder。与运行时方法相比,这是首选方法,因为我们能够自定义一些详细信息。
例如,我们能够:
使用builder.directory()更改我们的shell命令在其中运行的工作目录
使用builder.environment()将自定义键值映射设置为环境
将输入和输出流重定向到自定义替换
使用builder.inheritIO()将它们都继承到当前JVM进程的流中
ProcessBuilder builder = new ProcessBuilder();
if (isWindows) {
builder.command("cmd.exe", "/c", "dir");
} else {
builder.command("sh", "-c", "ls");
}
builder.directory(new File(System.getProperty("user.home")));
Process process = builder.start();
StreamGobbler streamGobbler =
new StreamGobbler(process.getInputStream(), System.out::println);
Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().submit(streamGobbler);
int exitCode = process.waitFor();
assert exitCode == 0;
结论
正如我们在本快速教程中所看到的,我们可以通过两种不同的方式在Java中执行Shell命令。
通常,如果您打算自定义生成的流程的执行(例如,更改其工作目录),则应考虑使用ProcessBuilder。
/**
* 通过runtime执行shell命令
* 只有--load-all使用Runtime来执行 ,其他命令都使用vici
*/
private void execReloadAll(){
int exitCode = 0;
try {
log.info("swanctl --load-all开始执行==========");
String command = StrongSwanCommand.LOAD_ALL_PRE + StrongSwanCommand.SPACE_KEY + StrongSwanCommand.LOAD_ALL_SUF;
Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);
StreamGobbler streamGobbler =
new StreamGobbler(process.getInputStream(), System.out::println);
Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().submit(streamGobbler);
exitCode = process.waitFor();
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("swanctl --load-all执行失败", e);
}
assert exitCode == 0;
}
/**
* ProcessBuilder实现
*/
private void reloadAllProcessBuilder(){
List<String> cmds = new ArrayList<String>();
cmds.add("sh");
cmds.add("-c");
cmds.add(StrongSwanCommand.LOAD_ALL_PRE + StrongSwanCommand.SPACE_KEY + StrongSwanCommand.LOAD_ALL_SUF);
ProcessBuilder pb=new ProcessBuilder(cmds);
int exitCode = 0;
try {
Process process = pb.start();
StreamGobbler streamGobbler =
new StreamGobbler(process.getInputStream(), System.out::println);
Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().submit(streamGobbler);
exitCode = process.waitFor();
log.info("swanctl --load-all 执行成功");
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("swanctl --load-all执行失败", e);
}
assert exitCode == 0;
}
public class StrongSwanCommand {
public static final String SPACE_KEY = "\t";
public static final String LOAD_ALL_PRE = "/usr/local/ipsec/sbin/swanctl";
public static final String LOAD_ALL_SUF = "--load-all";
// swanctl -i --ike 连接名称 --child child名称
public static final String INIT_IKE = "swanctl -i --ike";
public static final String INIT_IKE_CHILD = "--child";
public static final String INIT_IKE_CHILD_NAME = "child";
public static final int TIMEOUT_MILLS = 3000;
}