Activity-＞Activity中动态添加Fragment

添加Fragment的四个方法

commit()：异步提交事务，如果在Activity状态已经保存（比如用户按下了Home键）后调用该方法，会抛出IllegalStateException异常

commitAllowingStateLoss()：异步提交事务，即使在Activity状态已经保存后调用也不会抛出异常，但是可能会导致状态丢失

commitNow()：同步提交事务，如果在Activity状态保存后调用仍然会抛出IllegalStateException异常

commitNowAllowingStateLoss():：同步提交事务，即使在Activity状态已经保存后调用也不会抛出异常，但是可能会导致状态丢失

XML文件

Activity布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/root_ll"
    android:layout_width="300dp"
    android:layout_height="300dp"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="@android:color/holo_red_light">
    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/child_ll"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="200dp"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:orientation="horizontal" />
</RelativeLayout>

• Fragment布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/inflate_ll"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="200dp"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="@android:color/holo_blue_light">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/count_tv"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="Hello inflate" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/add_btn"
        android:text="add count"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="100dp"/>
</LinearLayout>

Activity和Fragment代码

Fragment代码

class MyFragment : Fragment() {
    var addBtn : Button ?= null
    var countTv : TextView ?= null
    var contentView : View ?= null
    var count = 0
    override fun onCreateView(
        inflater: LayoutInflater,
        container: ViewGroup?,
        savedInstanceState: Bundle?
    ): View? {
        contentView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.inflate_layout, container, false)
        addBtn = contentView?.findViewById(R.id.add_btn)
        countTv = contentView?.findViewById(R.id.count_tv)
        addBtn?.setOnClickListener {
            count++
            countTv?.text = count.toString()
        }
        return contentView
    }
}

Activity代码

const val TAG = "Yang"
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    var transaction : FragmentTransaction? = null
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
        Log.i(TAG, "onCreate")
        transaction = supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
        onSaveInstanceState(savedInstanceState?: Bundle()) // 模拟手动进行Activity的状态保存
        addFragment()
    }
    private fun addFragment() {
        Log.e("yang", "addFragment")
        // 异步提交
        transaction?.replace(R.id.child_ll, MyFragment())?.commit()
        transaction?.replace(R.id.child_ll, MyFragment())?.commitAllowingStateLoss()
        // 异步提交
        transaction?.replace(R.id.child_ll, MyFragment())?.commitNow()
        transaction?.replace(R.id.child_ll, MyFragment())?.commitNowAllowingStateLoss()
    }
    override fun onStart() {
        super.onStart()
        Log.i(TAG, "onStart")
    }

    override fun onResume() {
        super.onResume()
        Log.i(TAG, "onResume")
    }

    override fun onPause() {
        super.onPause()
        Log.i(TAG, "onPause")
    }

    override fun onStop() {
        super.onStop()
        Log.i(TAG, "onStop")
    }

    override fun onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy()
        Log.i(TAG, "onDestroy")
    }

    override fun onSaveInstanceState(outState: Bundle) {
        super.onSaveInstanceState(outState)
        Log.i(TAG, "onSaveInstanceState")
    }
}

// commit() 和 commitNow() 提交方式 log result
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Can not perform this action after onSaveInstanceState

// commitAllowingStateLoss() 和 commitNowAllowingStateLoss() 正常添加 log result
2024-05-19 16:38:03.496  9113-9113  Yang                    I  onCreate
2024-05-19 16:38:03.497  9113-9113  Yang                    I  onSaveInstanceState
2024-05-19 16:38:03.497  9113-9113  yang                    E  addFragment
2024-05-19 16:38:03.537  9113-9113  Yang                    I  onStart
2024-05-19 16:38:03.540  9113-9113  Yang                    I  onResume

效果图