以下是使用Qt、Open
GL和Assimp实现骨骼动画的示例代码：
首先，需要在项目中包含assimp库和Qt的Open
GL模块。可以使用以下命令将它们添加到.pro文件中：
```
LIBS += -lassimp
QT += open
gl
```
然后，需要编写一个用于渲染模型的Open
GL窗口类。以下是一个简单的示例：
```cpp
#include <QOpen
GLWidget>
#include <QOpen
GLFunctions>
#include <assimp/Importer.hpp>
#include <assimp/scene.h>
#include <assimp/postprocess.h>
class Open
GLWidget : public QOpen
GLWidget, protected QOpen
GLFunctions
{
public:
Open
GLWidget(QWidget *parent = 0);
~Open
GLWidget();
protected:
void initialize
GL();
void resize
GL(int w, int h);
void paint
GL();
private:
Assimp::Importer m_importer;
const aiScene *m_scene;
};
```
在初始化函数中，需要加载模型并设置Open
GL状态：
```cpp
void Open
GLWidget::initialize
GL()
{
initializeOpen
GLFunctions();
// Load model
m_scene = m_importer.ReadFile("model.dae", aiProcess_Triangulate | aiProcess_GenSmoothNormals | aiProcess_FlipUVs | aiProcess_LimitBoneWeights);
//
Set up Open
GL state
glEnable(
GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glDepthFunc(
GL_LESS);
glEnable(
GL_BLEND);
glBlendFunc(
GL_SRC_ALPHA,
GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
}
```
在绘制函数中，需要遍历场景中的所有节点和网格，并计算每个节点的变换矩阵。以下是绘制函数的示例代码：
```cpp
void Open
GLWidget::paint
GL()
{
glClear(
GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT |
GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
//
Set up camera
glMatrixMode(
GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluPerspective(45.0, (double)width() / (double)height(), 0.1, 100.0);
glMatrixMode(
GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
gluLookAt(0.0, 0.0, 5.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
// Draw meshes
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < m_scene->mNumMeshes; i++)
{
const aiMesh *mesh = m_scene->mMeshes[i];
//
Set up vertex positions and normals
glEnableClientState(
GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
glVertexPointer(3,
GL_FLOAT, 0, mesh->mVertices);
glEnableClientState(
GL_NORMAL_ARRAY);
glNormalPointer(
GL_FLOAT, 0, mesh->mNormals);
//
Set up bone weights and indices
if (mesh->HasBones())
{
glEnableVertexAttribArray(4);
glVertexAttribPointer(4, 4,
GL_FLOAT,
GL_FALSE, sizeof(VertexBoneData), (const
GLvoid*)off
setof(VertexBoneData, weights));
glEnableVertexAttribArray(5);
glVertexAttribPointer(5, 4,
GL_FLOAT,
GL_FALSE, sizeof(VertexBoneData), (const
GLvoid*)off
setof(VertexBoneData, indices));
// Calculate bone matrices
std::vector<aiMatrix4x4> boneMatrices(mesh->mNumBones);
for (unsigned int j = 0; j < mesh->mNumBones; j++)
{
const aiBone *bone = mesh->mBones[j];
aiMatrix4x4 boneMatrix = bone->mOff
setMatrix;
const aiNode *node = m_scene->mRootNode->FindNode(bone->mName);
while (node && node != mesh->mBones[j]->mNode)
{
boneMatrix = node->mTransformation * boneMatrix;
node = node->mParent;
}
boneMatrices[j] = boneMatrix;
}
//
Set up bone matrices
glUniformMatrix4fv(
glGetUniformLocation(m_shaderProgram.programId(), "boneMatrices"), mesh->mNumBones,
GL_FALSE, (const
GLfloat*)&boneMatrices[0]);
}
// Draw trian
gles
glDrawElements(
GL_TRIAN
GLES, mesh->mNumFaces * 3,
GL_UNSIGNED_INT, mesh->mFaces[0].mIndices);
// Disable vertex and normal arrays
glDisableClientState(
GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
glDisableClientState(
GL_NORMAL_ARRAY);
// Disable bone weights and indices
if (mesh->HasBones())
{
glDisableVertexAttribArray(4);
glDisableVertexAttribArray(5);
}
}
// Swap buffers
swapBuffers();
}
```
在这个示例中，假设模型使用了骨骼动画。因此，需要设置每个网格的顶点数据结构，其中包含每个顶点的骨骼权重和索引。以下是这个数据结构的示例代码：
```cpp
struct VertexBoneData
{
float weights[4];
unsigned int indices[4];
};
```
在顶点着色器中，需要将顶点位置和法线变换为相机空间，并使用骨骼权重和索引来计算每个顶点的最终位置。以下是顶点着色器的示例代码：
```
glsl
#version 330
uniform mat4 projectionMatrix;
uniform mat4 modelViewMatrix;
uniform mat4 boneMatrices[100];
in vec3 vertexPosition;
in vec3 vertexNormal;
in vec4 vertexWeights;
in ivec4 vertexIndices;
out vec3 normal;
void main()
{
mat4 boneMatrix = boneMatrices[vertexIndices.x] * vertexWeights.x;
boneMatrix += boneMatrices[vertexIndices.y] * vertexWeights.y;
boneMatrix += boneMatrices[vertexIndices.z] * vertexWeights.z;
boneMatrix += boneMatrices[vertexIndices.w] * vertexWeights.w;
gl_Position = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * boneMatrix * vec4(vertexPosition, 1.0);
normal = normalize(mat3(modelViewMatrix * boneMatrix) * vertexNormal);
}
```
在片段着色器中，可以使用法线和光照计算每个像素的颜色。以下是片段着色器的示例代码：
```
glsl
#version 330
uniform vec3 lightPosition;
in vec3 normal;
out vec4 fragmentColor;
void main()
{
vec3 ambientColor = vec3(0.2, 0.2, 0.2);
vec3 diffuseColor = vec3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
vec3 specularColor = vec3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
float shininess = 50.0;
vec3 lightDirection = normalize(lightPosition -
gl_FragCoord.xyz);
vec3 normalDirection = normalize(normal);
vec3 reflectionDirection = reflect(-lightDirection, normalDirection);
float diffuseFactor = max(dot(lightDirection, normalDirection), 0.0);
vec3 diffuseComponent = diffuseColor * diffuseFactor;
float specularFactor = pow(max(dot(reflectionDirection, normalize(-
gl_FragCoord.xyz)), 0.0), shininess);
vec3 specularComponent = specularColor * specularFactor;
fragmentColor = vec4(ambientColor + diffuseComponent + specularComponent, 1.0);
}
```
最后，需要在Qt应用程序中创建Open
GL窗口并运行事件循环。以下是一个简单的示例：
```cpp
#include <QApplication>
#include "Open
GLWidget.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication a(argc, argv);
Open
GLWidget w;
w.show();
return a.exec();
}
```
这就是使用Qt、Open
GL和Assimp实现骨骼动画的基本
步骤和代码示例。
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