android studio AIDL的使用(一)简单使用

1.全部代码

参考视频:视频连接

1.MainActivity

package com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest;

import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private Button mBtConnect;
    private Button mBtDisConnect;
    private Button mBtIsConnected;

    private IConnectionService mConnectionService;
    private boolean connection=false;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initView();
        Intent mIntent = new Intent(this, RemoteService.class);
        bindService(mIntent, new ServiceConnection() {
            @Override
            public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
                //初始化aidl创建的接口
                mConnectionService = IConnectionService.Stub.asInterface(service);
            }

            @Override
            public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

            }
        }, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
    }

    private void initView() {
        mBtConnect = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_connect);
        mBtDisConnect = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_disConnect);
        mBtIsConnected = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_isConnected);

        mBtConnect.setOnClickListener(this);
        mBtDisConnect.setOnClickListener(this);
        mBtIsConnected.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.bt_connect:
                //连接
                try {
                    mConnectionService.connect();
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                break;
            case R.id.bt_disConnect:
                //断开
                try {
                    mConnectionService.disconnect();
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                break;
            case R.id.bt_isConnected:
                try {
                    connection = mConnectionService.isConnection();
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                Toast.makeText(this, String.valueOf(connection), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
        }
    }
}

2.RemoteService

package com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class RemoteService extends Service {
    public RemoteService() {
    }
    //设置远程服务状态,默认为false(不连接)
    private boolean isConnected=false;
    //下面三个方法都是在新进程里的子线程中进行的,所以Toast要用handle来进行线程通讯
    private Handler handler=new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
    private IConnectionService connectionService=new IConnectionService.Stub() {
        @Override
        public void connect() throws RemoteException {
            //模拟新进程耗时操作
            try {
                Thread.sleep(3000);
                isConnected=true;
                handler.post(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        Toast.makeText(RemoteService.this, "connect", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                });

            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void disconnect() throws RemoteException {
            isConnected=false;
            handler.post(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    Toast.makeText(RemoteService.this, "disConnect", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            });
        }

        @Override
        public boolean isConnection() throws RemoteException {
            //获取连接状态
            return isConnected;
        }
    };
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return connectionService.asBinder();
    }
}

3.IConnectionService.aidl

// IConnectionService.aidl
package com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest;
// 连接服务

interface IConnectionService {
    void connect();//连接
    void disconnect();//断开连接
    boolean isConnection();//获取连接状态
}

4.AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <service
            android:name=".RemoteService"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true"
            android:process=":remote"></service>
    </application>

</manifest>

5.activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical">


    <Button
        android:id="@+id/bt_connect"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="connect" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/bt_disConnect"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="disConnect" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/bt_isConnected"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="isConnected" />
</LinearLayout>

2.步骤

1.编写服务类,它是一个新进程的

public class RemoteService extends Service {
    public RemoteService() {
    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        // TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");
    }
}
<service
            android:name=".RemoteService"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true"
            android:process=":remote"></service>

android:process=":remote":运行在新进程里,remote是可以自己命名的

2.MainActivity绑定RemoteServcie

Intent mIntent = new Intent(this, RemoteService.class);
        bindService(mIntent, new ServiceConnection() {
            @Override
            public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
                
            }

            @Override
            public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

            }
        }, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

3.创建AIDL类

在这里插入图片描述
命名为IConnectionService(这个可以自己命名)
然后修改里面的方法:

// IConnectionService.aidl
package com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest;
// 连接服务

interface IConnectionService {
void connect();//连接
void disconnect();//断开连接
boolean isConnection();//获取连接状态
}

然后编译,他会根据这个AIDL类,创建如下代码
在这里插入图片描述

4.生成的代码内容:

BuildConfig :

/**
 * Automatically generated file. DO NOT MODIFY
 */
package com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest;

public final class BuildConfig {
  public static final boolean DEBUG = Boolean.parseBoolean("true");
  public static final String APPLICATION_ID = "com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest";
  public static final String BUILD_TYPE = "debug";
  public static final int VERSION_CODE = 1;
  public static final String VERSION_NAME = "1.0";
}

IConnectionService :

/*
 * This file is auto-generated.  DO NOT MODIFY.
 */
package com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest;
// 连接服务

public interface IConnectionService extends android.os.IInterface
{
  /** Default implementation for IConnectionService. */
  public static class Default implements com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest.IConnectionService
  {
    @Override public void connect() throws android.os.RemoteException
    {
    }
    //连接

    @Override public void disconnect() throws android.os.RemoteException
    {
    }
    //断开连接

    @Override public boolean isConnection() throws android.os.RemoteException
    {
      return false;
    }
    @Override
    public android.os.IBinder asBinder() {
      return null;
    }
  }
  /** Local-side IPC implementation stub class. */
  public static abstract class Stub extends android.os.Binder implements com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest.IConnectionService
  {
    private static final java.lang.String DESCRIPTOR = "com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest.IConnectionService";
    /** Construct the stub at attach it to the interface. */
    public Stub()
    {
      this.attachInterface(this, DESCRIPTOR);
    }
    /**
     * Cast an IBinder object into an com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest.IConnectionService interface,
     * generating a proxy if needed.
     */
    public static com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest.IConnectionService asInterface(android.os.IBinder obj)
    {
      if ((obj==null)) {
        return null;
      }
      android.os.IInterface iin = obj.queryLocalInterface(DESCRIPTOR);
      if (((iin!=null)&&(iin instanceof com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest.IConnectionService))) {
        return ((com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest.IConnectionService)iin);
      }
      return new com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest.IConnectionService.Stub.Proxy(obj);
    }
    @Override public android.os.IBinder asBinder()
    {
      return this;
    }
    @Override public boolean onTransact(int code, android.os.Parcel data, android.os.Parcel reply, int flags) throws android.os.RemoteException
    {
      java.lang.String descriptor = DESCRIPTOR;
      switch (code)
      {
        case INTERFACE_TRANSACTION:
        {
          reply.writeString(descriptor);
          return true;
        }
        case TRANSACTION_connect:
        {
          data.enforceInterface(descriptor);
          this.connect();
          reply.writeNoException();
          return true;
        }
        case TRANSACTION_disconnect:
        {
          data.enforceInterface(descriptor);
          this.disconnect();
          reply.writeNoException();
          return true;
        }
        case TRANSACTION_isConnection:
        {
          data.enforceInterface(descriptor);
          boolean _result = this.isConnection();
          reply.writeNoException();
          reply.writeInt(((_result)?(1):(0)));
          return true;
        }
        default:
        {
          return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
        }
      }
    }
    private static class Proxy implements com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest.IConnectionService
    {
      private android.os.IBinder mRemote;
      Proxy(android.os.IBinder remote)
      {
        mRemote = remote;
      }
      @Override public android.os.IBinder asBinder()
      {
        return mRemote;
      }
      public java.lang.String getInterfaceDescriptor()
      {
        return DESCRIPTOR;
      }
      @Override public void connect() throws android.os.RemoteException
      {
        android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
        android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
        try {
          _data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);
          boolean _status = mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_connect, _data, _reply, 0);
          if (!_status && getDefaultImpl() != null) {
            getDefaultImpl().connect();
            return;
          }
          _reply.readException();
        }
        finally {
          _reply.recycle();
          _data.recycle();
        }
      }
      //连接

      @Override public void disconnect() throws android.os.RemoteException
      {
        android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
        android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
        try {
          _data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);
          boolean _status = mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_disconnect, _data, _reply, 0);
          if (!_status && getDefaultImpl() != null) {
            getDefaultImpl().disconnect();
            return;
          }
          _reply.readException();
        }
        finally {
          _reply.recycle();
          _data.recycle();
        }
      }
      //断开连接

      @Override public boolean isConnection() throws android.os.RemoteException
      {
        android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
        android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
        boolean _result;
        try {
          _data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);
          boolean _status = mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_isConnection, _data, _reply, 0);
          if (!_status && getDefaultImpl() != null) {
            return getDefaultImpl().isConnection();
          }
          _reply.readException();
          _result = (0!=_reply.readInt());
        }
        finally {
          _reply.recycle();
          _data.recycle();
        }
        return _result;
      }
      public static com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest.IConnectionService sDefaultImpl;
    }
    static final int TRANSACTION_connect = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 0);
    static final int TRANSACTION_disconnect = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 1);
    static final int TRANSACTION_isConnection = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 2);
    public static boolean setDefaultImpl(com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest.IConnectionService impl) {
      // Only one user of this interface can use this function
      // at a time. This is a heuristic to detect if two different
      // users in the same process use this function.
      if (Stub.Proxy.sDefaultImpl != null) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("setDefaultImpl() called twice");
      }
      if (impl != null) {
        Stub.Proxy.sDefaultImpl = impl;
        return true;
      }
      return false;
    }
    public static com.kunminx.aidlmukewangtest.IConnectionService getDefaultImpl() {
      return Stub.Proxy.sDefaultImpl;
    }
  }
  public void connect() throws android.os.RemoteException;
  //连接

  public void disconnect() throws android.os.RemoteException;
  //断开连接

  public boolean isConnection() throws android.os.RemoteException;
}

5.在RemoteService编写代码

实现aidl代码

//设置远程服务状态,默认为false(不连接)
    private boolean isConnected=false;
    //下面三个方法都是在新进程里的子线程中进行的,所以Toast要用handle来进行线程通讯
    private Handler handler=new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
    private IConnectionService connectionService=new IConnectionService.Stub() {
        @Override
        public void connect() throws RemoteException {
            //模拟新进程耗时操作
            try {
                Thread.sleep(3000);
                isConnected=true;
                handler.post(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        Toast.makeText(RemoteService.this, "connect", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                });

            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void disconnect() throws RemoteException {
            isConnected=false;
            handler.post(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    Toast.makeText(RemoteService.this, "disConnect", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            });
        }

        @Override
        public boolean isConnection() throws RemoteException {
            //获取连接状态
            return isConnected;
        }
    };

返回出去:

@Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return connectionService.asBinder();
    }

6.编写MainActivity,实现三按钮:连接,断开连接,获取连接状态,实现监听

xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical">


    <Button
        android:id="@+id/bt_connect"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="connect" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/bt_disConnect"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="disConnect" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/bt_isConnected"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="isConnected" />
</LinearLayout>

快捷方式为按钮初始化与监听

private void initView() {
        mBtConnect = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_connect);
        mBtDisConnect = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_disConnect);
        mBtIsConnected = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_isConnected);

        mBtConnect.setOnClickListener(this);
        mBtDisConnect.setOnClickListener(this);
        mBtIsConnected.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.bt_connect:
                
                break;
            case R.id.bt_disConnect:

                break;
            case R.id.bt_isConnected:

                break;
        }
    }

7.初始化AIDL创建的java类接口

在ServiceConnected的重写方法onServiceConnected中初始化
在这里插入图片描述
代码:

//初始化aidl创建的接口
                mConnectionService = IConnectionService.Stub.asInterface(service);

8.调用方法:

在这里插入图片描述

代码:

连接

//连接
                try {
                    mConnectionService.connect();
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

断开连接

//断开
                try {
                    mConnectionService.disconnect();
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

获取连接状态:

try {
                    connection = mConnectionService.isConnection();
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                Toast.makeText(this, String.valueOf(connection), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
图解:

在这里插入图片描述

3.反思与总结

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

4.下一篇 android studio AIDL的使用(二)

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