muduo基础库学习--锁、条件变量的封装

//Mutex.h

class MutexLock : noncopyable
{
 public:
  MutexLock()
    : holder_(0)
  {
    MCHECK(pthread_mutex_init(&mutex_, NULL));
  }

  ~MutexLock()
  {
    assert(holder_ == 0);
    MCHECK(pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex_));
  }

  // must be called when locked, i.e. for assertion
  bool isLockedByThisThread() const
  {
    return holder_ == CurrentThread::tid();
  }

  void assertLocked() const
  {
    assert(isLockedByThisThread());
  }
  
  void lock()
  {
    MCHECK(pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex_));
    holder_ = CurrentThread::tid();
  }

  void unlock()
  {
    holder_ = 0;
    MCHECK(pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex_));
  }

  pthread_mutex_t* getPthreadMutex() /* non-const */
  {
    return &mutex_;
  }

private:
  pthread_mutex_t mutex_;
  pid_t holder_;

• MutexLock提供加锁、解锁；获取对当前锁加锁的线程tid。

//Mutex.h

class MutexLockGuard : noncopyable
{
 public:
  explicit MutexLockGuard(MutexLock& mutex)
    : mutex_(mutex)
  {
    mutex_.lock();
  }

  ~MutexLockGuard()
  {
    mutex_.unlock();
  }

 private:
  MutexLock& mutex_; //此处为引用，说明此类不控制mutex锁的生存周期
};
//不允许使用匿名锁
#define MutexLockGuard(x) error "Missing guard object name"

• 封装锁，在构造函数中加锁，在析构函数中解锁（临界区结束，销毁局部变量-MutexLockGuard对象，调用析构，解锁），减少了死锁风险；否则如果在解锁前退出临界区，会造成死锁。
• 例：
  Mutex mutex;
  mutex.lock();
  //MutexLockGuard m(mutex);
  …
  if(…){
  …
  return;//未解锁
  }
  muetx.unlock();
  这种情况下，未解锁就返回，造成死锁。若使用MutexLockGuard，则在返回时调用析构，解锁。