Netty入门级应用实例_01_Hello Netty

---

Netty入门级应用实例_01_Hello Netty

0. 准备工作

• 添加pom依赖

  <dependency>
      <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
      <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
      <version>4.1.31.Final</version>
  </dependency>
  

1. 执行流程分析

• 构建一对主从线程组
• 定义服务器启动类
• 为服务器设置Channel
• 设置处理从线程池的助手类初始化器
• 监听启动和关闭服务器

2. 代码实现

2.1 服务器端

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;

/**
 * @program: study_netty
 * @description: 实现客户端发送一个请求，服务端返回输出结果
 * @author: Mr.superbeyone
 * @create: 2018-11-20 11:12
 **/
public class HelloServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //定义一对线程组
        //主线程组
        EventLoopGroup boss = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        //从线程组
        EventLoopGroup work = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {
            ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();

            //Netty服务器的创建   bootstrap是一个启动类
            bootstrap.group(boss, work)     //设置主从线程组
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)  //设置NIO的双向通道
                    .childHandler(new HelloServerInitializer());    //子处理器，用于处理work

            //启动server，并且设置8888为启动端口，同时启动方式为同步
            ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.bind(8888).sync();

            //监听关闭的channel，设置为同步方式
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            //优雅的关闭
            boss.shutdownGracefully();
            work.shutdownGracefully();
        }

    }
}

2.2 子处理器

• 每个channel有多个handler共同组成管道（pipeline）
  

• HelloServer初始化器代码实现

import com.superbeyone.netty.demo2.handler.CustomerHandler;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;

/**
 * @program: study_netty
 * @description: HelloServer初始化器
 * @author: Mr.superbeyone
 * @create: 2018-11-20 12:34
 **/
public class HelloServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
    @Override
    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {

//        通过socketChannel去获取对应的管道
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = socketChannel.pipeline();

//        通过管道添加handler
//        HttpServerCodec是由Netty自己提供的handler
//        当请求到服务端，我们需要做解码，响应到客户端编码
        pipeline.addLast("HttpServerCodec", new HttpServerCodec());

//        添加自定义handler，返回一个字符串
        pipeline.addLast("CustomerHandler", new CustomerHandler());

    }
}

2.3 自定义ChannelHandler

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.*;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

/**
 * @program: study_netty
 * @description: 创建自定义ChannelHandler
 * @author: Mr.superbeyone
 * @create: 2018-11-20 12:44
 **/
public class CustomerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<HttpObject> {
    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, HttpObject msg) throws Exception {

//        获取channel
        Channel channel = ctx.channel();

//        显示客户端的远程地址
        System.out.println(channel.remoteAddress());

//        定义发送的数据消息
        ByteBuf content = Unpooled.copiedBuffer("hello netty :) ~", CharsetUtil.UTF_8);

//        构建一个Http response
        FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpResponseStatus.OK, content);
//        为响应设置数据类型和长度
        response.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_TYPE, "text/plain");
        response.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_LENGTH, content.readableBytes());

//        把响应刷到客户端
        ctx.writeAndFlush(response);


    }
}

3. 执行结果