# 迭代器(Iterator)&生成器(generator)
# 若要对象可迭代:
# 在python2中对象必须包含__iter__(self)和next(self)
# 在python3中对象必须包含__iter__(self)和__next__(self)
# 其中:__iter__(self)必须返回一个含有含有__next__(self)的对象,
# 可以是自身(见SimpleCounter),也可以其他对象(见SimpleCounter1)
# 创建一个迭代器
class SimpleCounter(object):
def __init__(self, start, end):
self.start = start
self.current = self.start
self.end = end
def __iter__(self):
return self
# 如果是python2这里用next,python用__next__
def __next__(self):
if self.current > self.end:
raise StopIteration
else:
self.current += 1
return self.current - 1
class SimpleCounter1(object):
def __init__(self, start, end):
self.start = start
self.current = self.start
self.end = end
def __iter__(self):
return SimpleCounter(self.start, self.end)
# 该类中该函数可要可不要
# 如果是python2这里用next,python用__next__
def __next__(self):
if self.current > self.end:
self.current = self.start
raise StopIteration
else:
self.current += 1
return self.current - 1
# 访问迭代器
simple_counter = SimpleCounter(1, 4)
print('first traversal simple_counter:')
for x in simple_counter:
print(x)
# output:
# 1
# 2
# 3
# 4
# 第二次迭代没有结果,因为迭代器只能被遍历一次
print('second traversal simple_counter:')
for x in simple_counter:
print(x)
simple_counter1 = SimpleCounter1(1, 4)
print('traversal simple_counter1...')
for x in simple_counter1:
print(x)
# 使用生成器生成一个迭代器,b为迭代器对象,(x ** 2 for x in a)为生成器
a = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
b = (x ** 2 for x in a)
print('traverse the iterator created by one generator for the first time:')
for x in b:
print(x);
print('traverse the iterator created by one generator for the second time:')
# 本次遍历没有结果,因为b是迭代器
for x in b:
print(x);
5.python数据结构-迭代器(iterator)&生成器(generator)
最新推荐文章于 2021-01-05 00:20:39 发布