EffectiveJava第43条

public class R43 {
    private final List<Integer> integerList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
    private static final Integer[] emp = new Integer[0];
    public Integer[] getIntegers(){
        integerList.add(1);
        return integerList.toArray(emp);
    }
    public List<Integer> getIntegerList(){
        integerList.add(288);
        if(integerList.isEmpty()){
            return Collections.emptyList();
        }else{
            return new ArrayList<Integer>(integerList);
        }

    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Integer[] integers = new R43().getIntegers();
        R43 r43 = new R43();
        List<Integer> integersList = r43.getIntegerList();
        System.out.println(integers);
        System.out.println(integersList);
    }
}

返回零长度的数组或集合，而不是null!