网络编程--（八）Netty最佳实践-数据通信

我们可以使用一种特殊的长连接，在指定的时间之内，服务器与某台客户端没有任何通信，则断开连接。下次连接则是客户端向服务器发送请求的时候，再次连接，但是这种模式我们需要考虑2个因素：

1.如何在超时（即服务器和客户端没有任何通信）后关闭通道？关闭通道后我们又如何再次建立连接？

2.客户端宕机时，我们无需考虑，下次客户端重启之后我们就可以与服务器建立连接，但是服务器宕机时，我们的客户端如何与服务器进行连接呢？

 

第一种情况实现

package bhz.netty.test5;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
import io.netty.handler.timeout.ReadTimeoutHandler;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;


/**
 * Best Do It
 */
public class Client {
    
    private static class SingletonHolder {
        static final Client instance = new Client();
    }
    
    public static Client getInstance(){
        return SingletonHolder.instance;
    }
    
    private EventLoopGroup group;
    private Bootstrap b;
    private ChannelFuture cf ;
    
    private Client(){
            group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
            b = new Bootstrap();
            b.group(group)
             .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
             .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
             .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                    @Override
                    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
                        sc.pipeline().addLast(MarshallingCodeCFactory.buildMarshallingDecoder());
                        sc.pipeline().addLast(MarshallingCodeCFactory.buildMarshallingEncoder());
                        //超时handler（当服务器端与客户端在指定时间以上没有任何进行通信，则会关闭响应的通道，主要为减小服务端资源占用）
                        sc.pipeline().addLast(new ReadTimeoutHandler(5)); 
                        sc.pipeline().addLast(new ClientHandler());
                    }
            });
    }
    
    public void connect(){
        try {
            this.cf = b.connect("127.0.0.1", 8765).sync();
            System.out.println("远程服务器已经连接, 可以进行数据交换..");                
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    public ChannelFuture getChannelFuture(){
        
        if(this.cf == null){
            this.connect();
        }
        if(!this.cf.channel().isActive()){
            this.connect();
        }
        
        return this.cf;
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        final Client c = Client.getInstance();
        //c.connect();
        
        ChannelFuture cf = c.getChannelFuture();
        for(int i = 1; i <= 3; i++ ){
            Request request = new Request();
            request.setId("" + i);
            request.setName("pro" + i);
            request.setRequestMessage("数据信息" + i);
            cf.channel().writeAndFlush(request);
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(4);
        }

        cf.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        
        
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    System.out.println("进入子线程...");
                    ChannelFuture cf = c.getChannelFuture();
                    System.out.println(cf.channel().isActive());
                    System.out.println(cf.channel().isOpen());
                    
                    //再次发送数据
                    Request request = new Request();
                    request.setId("" + 4);
                    request.setName("pro" + 4);
                    request.setRequestMessage("数据信息" + 4);
                    cf.channel().writeAndFlush(request);                    
                    cf.channel().closeFuture().sync();
                    System.out.println("子线程结束.");
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();
        
        System.out.println("断开连接,主线程结束..");
        
    }
    
    
    
}

package bhz.netty.test5;


import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.util.ReferenceCountUtil;

public class ClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter{
    
    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {

    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        try {
            Response resp = (Response)msg;
            System.out.println("Client : " + resp.getId() + ", " + resp.getName() + ", " + resp.getResponseMessage());            
        } finally {
            ReferenceCountUtil.release(msg);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        ctx.close();
    }
    
}

package bhz.netty.test5;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
import io.netty.handler.timeout.ReadTimeoutHandler;

public class Server {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        
        EventLoopGroup pGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        EventLoopGroup cGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        
        ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
        b.group(pGroup, cGroup)
         .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
         .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024)
         //设置日志
         .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
         .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
            protected void initChannel(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
                sc.pipeline().addLast(MarshallingCodeCFactory.buildMarshallingDecoder());
                sc.pipeline().addLast(MarshallingCodeCFactory.buildMarshallingEncoder());
                sc.pipeline().addLast(new ReadTimeoutHandler(5)); 
                sc.pipeline().addLast(new ServerHandler());
            }
        });
        
        ChannelFuture cf = b.bind(8765).sync();
        
        cf.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        pGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        cGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        
    }
}

package bhz.netty.test5;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;

public class ServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter{

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {

    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        Request request = (Request)msg;
        System.out.println("Server : " + request.getId() + ", " + request.getName() + ", " + request.getRequestMessage());
        Response response = new Response();
        response.setId(request.getId());
        response.setName("response" + request.getId());
        response.setResponseMessage("响应内容" + request.getId());
        ctx.writeAndFlush(response);//.addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        ctx.close();
    }

    
    
}

package bhz.netty.test5;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Request implements Serializable{

    private static final long  SerialVersionUID = 1L;
    
    private String id ;
    private String name ;
    private String requestMessage ;
    
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getRequestMessage() {
        return requestMessage;
    }
    public void setRequestMessage(String requestMessage) {
        this.requestMessage = requestMessage;
    }


}

package bhz.netty.test5;


import java.io.Serializable;

public class Response implements Serializable{
    
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String responseMessage;
    
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getResponseMessage() {
        return responseMessage;
    }
    public void setResponseMessage(String responseMessage) {
        this.responseMessage = responseMessage;
    }
    

}