网络编程--（二）NIO、AIO编程介绍

  学习NIO编程，我们首先要了解几个概念：

Buffer（缓冲区）、channel(管道、通道)、selector(选择器、多路复用器)

// 1 基本操作
        
        //创建指定长度的缓冲区
        IntBuffer buf = IntBuffer.allocate(10);
        buf.put(13);// position位置：0 - > 1
        buf.put(21);// position位置：1 - > 2
        buf.put(35);// position位置：2 - > 3
        //把位置复位为0，也就是position位置：3 - > 0
        buf.flip();
        System.out.println("使用flip复位：" + buf);
        System.out.println("容量为: " + buf.capacity());    //容量一旦初始化后不允许改变（warp方法包裹数组除外）
        System.out.println("限制为: " + buf.limit());        //由于只装载了三个元素,所以可读取或者操作的元素为3 则limit=3
        
        
        System.out.println("获取下标为1的元素：" + buf.get(1));
        System.out.println("get(index)方法，position位置不改变：" + buf);
        buf.put(1, 4);
        System.out.println("put(index, change)方法，position位置不变：" + buf);;
        
        for (int i = 0; i < buf.limit(); i++) {
            //调用get方法会使其缓冲区位置（position）向后递增一位
            System.out.print(buf.get() + "\t");
        }

　　　　　　System.out.println("buf对象遍历之后为: " + buf);
　　　　　　buf.flip();
　　　　　　System.out.println(buf);

 

    //  wrap方法会包裹一个数组: 一般这种用法不会先初始化缓存对象的长度，因为没有意义，最后还会被wrap所包裹的数组覆盖掉。 
        //  并且wrap方法修改缓冲区对象的时候，数组本身也会跟着发生变化。                     
        int[] arr = new int[]{1,2,5};
        IntBuffer buf1 = IntBuffer.wrap(arr);
        System.out.println(buf1);
        
        IntBuffer buf2 = IntBuffer.wrap(arr, 0 , 2);
        //这样使用表示容量为数组arr的长度，但是可操作的元素只有实际进入缓存区的元素长度
        System.out.println(buf2);

// 3 其他方法
    
        IntBuffer buf1 = IntBuffer.allocate(10);
        int[] arr = new int[]{1,2,5};
        buf1.put(arr);
        
        System.out.println(buf1);
        //一种复制方法
        IntBuffer buf3 = buf1.duplicate();
        System.out.println(buf3);
        
        //设置buf1的位置属性
        //buf1.position(0);
        buf1.flip();
        System.out.println(buf1);
        
        System.out.println("可读数据为：" + buf1.remaining()); 
        
        int[] arr2 = new int[buf1.remaining()];
        //将缓冲区数据放入arr2数组中去
        buf1.get(arr2);
        for(int i : arr2){
            System.out.print(Integer.toString(i) + ",");
        }

 

package aio;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousChannelGroup;
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousServerSocketChannel;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class Server {
    //线程池
    private ExecutorService executorService;
    //线程组
    private AsynchronousChannelGroup threadGroup;
    //服务器通道
    public AsynchronousServerSocketChannel assc;
    
    public Server(int port){
        try {
            //创建一个缓存池
            executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
            //创建线程组，并初始化一个线程池
            threadGroup = AsynchronousChannelGroup.withCachedThreadPool(executorService, 1);
            //创建服务器通道
            assc = AsynchronousServerSocketChannel.open(threadGroup);
            //进行绑定
            assc.bind(new InetSocketAddress(port));
            
            System.out.println("server start , port : " + port);
            //进行阻塞
            assc.accept(this, new ServerCompletionHandler());
            //一直阻塞 不让服务器停止
            Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
            
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Server server = new Server(8765);
    }
    
}

package aio;


import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.CompletionHandler;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

public class ServerCompletionHandler implements CompletionHandler<AsynchronousSocketChannel, Server> {

    @Override
    public void completed(AsynchronousSocketChannel asc, Server attachment) {
        //当有下一个客户端接入的时候 直接调用Server的accept方法，这样反复执行下去，保证多个客户端都可以阻塞
        attachment.assc.accept(attachment, this);
        read(asc);
    }

    private void read(final AsynchronousSocketChannel asc) {
        //读取数据
        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
        asc.read(buf, buf, new CompletionHandler<Integer, ByteBuffer>() {
            @Override
            public void completed(Integer resultSize, ByteBuffer attachment) {
                //进行读取之后,重置标识位
                attachment.flip();
                //获得读取的字节数
                System.out.println("Server -> " + "收到客户端的数据长度为:" + resultSize);
                //获取读取的数据
                String resultData = new String(attachment.array()).trim();
                System.out.println("Server -> " + "收到客户端的数据信息为:" + resultData);
                String response = "服务器响应, 收到了客户端发来的数据: " + resultData;
                write(asc, response);
            }
            @Override
            public void failed(Throwable exc, ByteBuffer attachment) {
                exc.printStackTrace();
            }
        });
    }
    
    private void write(AsynchronousSocketChannel asc, String response) {
        try {
            ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
            buf.put(response.getBytes());
            buf.flip();
            asc.write(buf).get();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void failed(Throwable exc, Server attachment) {
        exc.printStackTrace();
    }

}

package aio;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousSocketChannel;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

public class Client implements Runnable{

    private AsynchronousSocketChannel asc ;
    
    public Client() throws Exception {
        asc = AsynchronousSocketChannel.open();
    }
    
    public void connect(){
        asc.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 8765));
    }
    
    public void write(String request){
        try {
            asc.write(ByteBuffer.wrap(request.getBytes())).get();
            read();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private void read() {
        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
        try {
            asc.read(buf).get();
            buf.flip();
            byte[] respByte = new byte[buf.remaining()];
            buf.get(respByte);
            System.out.println(new String(respByte,"utf-8").trim());
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            
        }
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Client c1 = new Client();
        c1.connect();
        
        Client c2 = new Client();
        c2.connect();
        
        Client c3 = new Client();
        c3.connect();
        
        new Thread(c1, "c1").start();
        new Thread(c2, "c2").start();
        new Thread(c3, "c3").start();
        
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        
        c1.write("c1 aaa");
        c2.write("c2 bbbb");
        c3.write("c3 ccccc");
    }
    
}