1html基础

1 html基础

主博客传送门

笔记

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

UnicodeEncodeError: ‘gbk’ codec can’t encode character ‘\ufffd’ in position 45078: illegal multibyte sequence
如果遇到这种错误,print函数本身默认的编码是gbk
这个时候就要去pycharm的settings里面的editor里面的file encoding
更改为如下配置
在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述

彩蛋

知乎,百度等主页,在开发者工具的控制台console那里,有前端程序员留给同行的招聘彩蛋
通过这种方式参与招聘说不定有意料之外情理之中的惊喜
在这里插入图片描述

代码

# 调用requests模块
import requests
import os
import sys
# 获取网页源代码,得到的res是response对象。
res = requests.get('https://hyw200199.github.io/2022/02/08/0-chu-shi-pa-chong/')
#sys.stdout = io.TextIOWrapper(sys.stdout.buffer,encoding='utf8') #改变标准输出的默认编码
# 检测请求是否正确响应
res.encoding = 'utf-8'
print(res.status_code)
print(res.text)
# 正确响应,进行读写操作
# 新建一个名为book的html文档,你看到这里的文件没加路径,它会被保存在程序运行的当前目录下。
# 字符串需要以w读写。你在学习open()函数时接触过它。
if res.status_code == 200:
    file = open('html_test.html','w')
    # res.text是字符串格式,把它写入文件内。
    file.write(res.text)
    # 关闭文件
    file.close()

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="zh-CN">


<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="keywords" content="0初识爬虫, love &amp; peace">
    <meta name="description" content="0 认识爬虫CSDN链接传送门
笔记什么是爬虫?爬虫是什么?了解浏览器的工作原理?爬虫能做很多事,能做商业分析,也能做生活助手,比如:分析北京近两年二手房成交均价是多少?深圳的Python工程师平均薪资是多少?北京哪家餐厅粤菜最好吃?等等。">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">
    <meta name="renderer" content="webkit|ie-stand|ie-comp">
    <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
    <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black-translucent">
    <meta name="referrer" content="no-referrer-when-downgrade">
    <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics -->


    <title>0初识爬虫 | Tokyo Ghoul</title>
    <link rel="icon" type="image/jpeg" href="/jinmuyan.jpg">

    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/awesome/css/all.min.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/materialize/materialize.min.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/aos/aos.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/animate/animate.min.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/lightGallery/css/lightgallery.min.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/matery.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/my.css">

    <script src="/libs/jquery/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script>

<meta name="generator" content="Hexo 6.0.0">
<style>.github-emoji { position: relative; display: inline-block; width: 1.2em; min-height: 1.2em; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: top; color: transparent; }  .github-emoji > span { position: relative; z-index: 10; }  .github-emoji img, .github-emoji .fancybox { margin: 0 !important; padding: 0 !important; border: none !important; outline: none !important; text-decoration: none !important; user-select: none !important; cursor: auto !important; }  .github-emoji img { height: 1.2em !important; width: 1.2em !important; position: absolute !important; left: 50% !important; top: 50% !important; transform: translate(-50%, -50%) !important; user-select: none !important; cursor: auto !important; } .github-emoji-fallback { color: inherit; } .github-emoji-fallback img { opacity: 0 !important; }</style>
<link rel="alternate" href="/atom.xml" title="Tokyo Ghoul" type="application/atom+xml">
</head>



   <style>
    body{
       background-image: url(https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/Tokisaki-Galaxy/res/site/medias/background.jpg);
       background-repeat:no-repeat;
       background-size: 100% 100%;
       background-attachment:fixed;
    }
</style>



<body>
    <header class="navbar-fixed">
    <nav id="headNav" class="bg-color nav-transparent">
        <div id="navContainer" class="nav-wrapper container">
            <div class="brand-logo">
                <a href="/" class="waves-effect waves-light">
                    
                    <img src="/medias/jinmuyan.jpg" class="logo-img" alt="LOGO">
                    
                    <span class="logo-span">Tokyo Ghoul</span>
                </a>
            </div>
            

<a href="#" data-target="mobile-nav" class="sidenav-trigger button-collapse"><i class="fas fa-bars"></i></a>
<ul class="right nav-menu">
  
  <li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
    
    <a href="/" class="waves-effect waves-light">
      
      <i class="fas fa-home" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
      
      <span>首页</span>
    </a>
    
  </li>
  
  <li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
    
    <a href="/tags" class="waves-effect waves-light">
      
      <i class="fas fa-tags" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
      
      <span>标签</span>
    </a>
    
  </li>
  
  <li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
    
    <a href="/categories" class="waves-effect waves-light">
      
      <i class="fas fa-bookmark" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
      
      <span>分类</span>
    </a>
    
  </li>
  
  <li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
    
    <a href="/archives" class="waves-effect waves-light">
      
      <i class="fas fa-archive" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
      
      <span>归档</span>
    </a>
    
  </li>
  
  <li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
    
    <a href="/about" class="waves-effect waves-light">
      
      <i class="fas fa-user-circle" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
      
      <span>关于</span>
    </a>
    
  </li>
  
  <li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
    
    <a href="/contact" class="waves-effect waves-light">
      
      <i class="fas fa-comments" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
      
      <span>留言板</span>
    </a>
    
  </li>
  
  <li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
    
    <a href="/friends" class="waves-effect waves-light">
      
      <i class="fas fa-address-book" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
      
      <span>友情链接</span>
    </a>
    
  </li>
  
  <li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
    
    <a href="/live" class="waves-effect waves-light">
      
      <i class="fas fa-fan" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
      
      <span>Live</span>
    </a>
    
  </li>
  
  <li>
    <a href="#searchModal" class="modal-trigger waves-effect waves-light">
      <i id="searchIcon" class="fas fa-search" title="搜索" style="zoom: 0.85;"></i>
    </a>
  </li>
</ul>


<div id="mobile-nav" class="side-nav sidenav">

    <div class="mobile-head bg-color">
        
        <img src="/medias/jinmuyan.jpg" class="logo-img circle responsive-img">
        
        <div class="logo-name">Tokyo Ghoul</div>
        <div class="logo-desc">
            
            hi story (not history)
            
        </div>
    </div>

    <ul class="menu-list mobile-menu-list">
        
        <li class="m-nav-item">
	  
		<a href="/" class="waves-effect waves-light">
			
			    <i class="fa-fw fas fa-home"></i>
			
			首页
		</a>
          
        </li>
        
        <li class="m-nav-item">
	  
		<a href="/tags" class="waves-effect waves-light">
			
			    <i class="fa-fw fas fa-tags"></i>
			
			标签
		</a>
          
        </li>
        
        <li class="m-nav-item">
	  
		<a href="/categories" class="waves-effect waves-light">
			
			    <i class="fa-fw fas fa-bookmark"></i>
			
			分类
		</a>
          
        </li>
        
        <li class="m-nav-item">
	  
		<a href="/archives" class="waves-effect waves-light">
			
			    <i class="fa-fw fas fa-archive"></i>
			
			归档
		</a>
          
        </li>
        
        <li class="m-nav-item">
	  
		<a href="/about" class="waves-effect waves-light">
			
			    <i class="fa-fw fas fa-user-circle"></i>
			
			关于
		</a>
          
        </li>
        
        <li class="m-nav-item">
	  
		<a href="/contact" class="waves-effect waves-light">
			
			    <i class="fa-fw fas fa-comments"></i>
			
			留言板
		</a>
          
        </li>
        
        <li class="m-nav-item">
	  
		<a href="/friends" class="waves-effect waves-light">
			
			    <i class="fa-fw fas fa-address-book"></i>
			
			友情链接
		</a>
          
        </li>
        
        <li class="m-nav-item">
	  
		<a href="/live" class="waves-effect waves-light">
			
			    <i class="fa-fw fas fa-fan"></i>
			
			Live
		</a>
          
        </li>
        
        
        <li><div class="divider"></div></li>
        <li>
            <a href="https://github.com/blinkfox/hexo-theme-matery" class="waves-effect waves-light" target="_blank">
                <i class="fab fa-github-square fa-fw"></i>Fork Me
            </a>
        </li>
        
    </ul>
</div>


        </div>

        
            <style>
    .nav-transparent .github-corner {
        display: none !important;
    }

    .github-corner {
        position: absolute;
        z-index: 10;
        top: 0;
        right: 0;
        border: 0;
        transform: scale(1.1);
    }

    .github-corner svg {
        color: #0f9d58;
        fill: #fff;
        height: 64px;
        width: 64px;
    }

    .github-corner:hover .octo-arm {
        animation: a 0.56s ease-in-out;
    }

    .github-corner .octo-arm {
        animation: none;
    }

    @keyframes a {
        0%,
        to {
            transform: rotate(0);
        }
        20%,
        60% {
            transform: rotate(-25deg);
        }
        40%,
        80% {
            transform: rotate(10deg);
        }
    }
</style>

<a href="https://github.com/blinkfox/hexo-theme-matery" class="github-corner tooltipped hide-on-med-and-down" target="_blank"
   data-tooltip="Fork Me" data-position="left" data-delay="50">
    <svg viewBox="0 0 250 250" aria-hidden="true">
        <path d="M0,0 L115,115 L130,115 L142,142 L250,250 L250,0 Z"></path>
        <path d="M128.3,109.0 C113.8,99.7 119.0,89.6 119.0,89.6 C122.0,82.7 120.5,78.6 120.5,78.6 C119.2,72.0 123.4,76.3 123.4,76.3 C127.3,80.9 125.5,87.3 125.5,87.3 C122.9,97.6 130.6,101.9 134.4,103.2"
              fill="currentColor" style="transform-origin: 130px 106px;" class="octo-arm"></path>
        <path d="M115.0,115.0 C114.9,115.1 118.7,116.5 119.8,115.4 L133.7,101.6 C136.9,99.2 139.9,98.4 142.2,98.6 C133.8,88.0 127.5,74.4 143.8,58.0 C148.5,53.4 154.0,51.2 159.7,51.0 C160.3,49.4 163.2,43.6 171.4,40.1 C171.4,40.1 176.1,42.5 178.8,56.2 C183.1,58.6 187.2,61.8 190.9,65.4 C194.5,69.0 197.7,73.2 200.1,77.6 C213.8,80.2 216.3,84.9 216.3,84.9 C212.7,93.1 206.9,96.0 205.4,96.6 C205.1,102.4 203.0,107.8 198.3,112.5 C181.9,128.9 168.3,122.5 157.7,114.1 C157.9,116.9 156.7,120.9 152.7,124.9 L141.0,136.5 C139.8,137.7 141.6,141.9 141.8,141.8 Z"
              fill="currentColor" class="octo-body"></path>
    </svg>
</a>
        
    </nav>

</header>

    



<div class="bg-cover pd-header post-cover" style="background-image: url('/medias/featureimages/girl.jpg')">
    <div class="container" style="right: 0px;left: 0px;">
        <div class="row">
            <div class="col s12 m12 l12">
                <div class="brand">
                    <h1 class="description center-align post-title">0初识爬虫</h1>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>




<main class="post-container content">

    
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/libs/tocbot/tocbot.css">
<style>
    #articleContent h1::before,
    #articleContent h2::before,
    #articleContent h3::before,
    #articleContent h4::before,
    #articleContent h5::before,
    #articleContent h6::before {
        display: block;
        content: " ";
        height: 100px;
        margin-top: -100px;
        visibility: hidden;
    }

    #articleContent :focus {
        outline: none;
    }

    .toc-fixed {
        position: fixed;
        top: 64px;
    }

    .toc-widget {
        width: 345px;
        padding-left: 20px;
    }

    .toc-widget .toc-title {
        padding: 35px 0 15px 17px;
        font-size: 1.5rem;
        font-weight: bold;
        line-height: 1.5rem;
    }

    .toc-widget ol {
        padding: 0;
        list-style: none;
    }

    #toc-content {
        padding-bottom: 30px;
        overflow: auto;
    }

    #toc-content ol {
        padding-left: 10px;
    }

    #toc-content ol li {
        padding-left: 10px;
    }

    #toc-content .toc-link:hover {
        color: #42b983;
        font-weight: 700;
        text-decoration: underline;
    }

    #toc-content .toc-link::before {
        background-color: transparent;
        max-height: 25px;

        position: absolute;
        right: 23.5vw;
        display: block;
    }

    #toc-content .is-active-link {
        color: #42b983;
    }

    #floating-toc-btn {
        position: fixed;
        right: 15px;
        bottom: 76px;
        padding-top: 15px;
        margin-bottom: 0;
        z-index: 998;
    }

    #floating-toc-btn .btn-floating {
        width: 48px;
        height: 48px;
    }

    #floating-toc-btn .btn-floating i {
        line-height: 48px;
        font-size: 1.4rem;
    }
</style>
<div class="row">
    <div id="main-content" class="col s12 m12 l9">
        <!-- 文章内容详情 -->
<div id="artDetail">
    <div class="card">
        <div class="card-content article-info">
            <div class="row tag-cate">
                <div class="col s7">
                    
                    <div class="article-tag">
                        
                            <a href="/tags/%E7%88%AC%E8%99%AB/">
                                <span class="chip bg-color">爬虫</span>
                            </a>
                        
                            <a href="/tags/python/">
                                <span class="chip bg-color">python</span>
                            </a>
                        
                            <a href="/tags/requests/">
                                <span class="chip bg-color">requests</span>
                            </a>
                        
                            <a href="/tags/%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE/">
                                <span class="chip bg-color">协议</span>
                            </a>
                        
                    </div>
                    
                </div>
                <div class="col s5 right-align">
                    
                    <div class="post-cate">
                        <i class="fas fa-bookmark fa-fw icon-category"></i>
                        
                            <a href="/categories/%E7%88%AC%E8%99%AB/" class="post-category">
                                爬虫
                            </a>
                        
                    </div>
                    
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="post-info">
                
                <div class="post-date info-break-policy">
                    <i class="far fa-calendar-minus fa-fw"></i>发布日期:&nbsp;&nbsp;
                    2022-02-08
                </div>
                

                
                <div class="post-date info-break-policy">
                    <i class="far fa-calendar-check fa-fw"></i>更新日期:&nbsp;&nbsp;
                    2022-02-09
                </div>
                

                
                <div class="info-break-policy">
                    <i class="far fa-file-word fa-fw"></i>文章字数:&nbsp;&nbsp;
                    2.1k
                </div>
                

                
                <div class="info-break-policy">
                    <i class="far fa-clock fa-fw"></i>阅读时长:&nbsp;&nbsp;
                    7 分
                </div>
                

                
                    <div id="busuanzi_container_page_pv" class="info-break-policy">
                        <i class="far fa-eye fa-fw"></i>阅读次数:&nbsp;&nbsp;
                        <span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"></span>
                    </div>
				
            </div>
        </div>
        <hr class="clearfix">

        

        

        <div class="card-content article-card-content">
            <div id="articleContent">
                <h1 id="0-认识爬虫"><a href="#0-认识爬虫" class="headerlink" title="0 认识爬虫"></a>0 认识爬虫</h1><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://blog.csdn.net/supreme567/article/details/122831465">CSDN链接传送门</a></p>
<h2 id="笔记"><a href="#笔记" class="headerlink" title="笔记"></a>笔记</h2><p>什么是爬虫?<br>爬虫是什么?<br>了解浏览器的工作原理?<br>爬虫能做很多事,能做商业分析,也能做生活助手,比如:分析北京近两年二手房成交均价是多少?深圳的Python工程师平均薪资是多少?北京哪家餐厅粤菜最好吃?等等。<br>这是个人利用爬虫所做到的事情,而公司,同样可以利用爬虫来实现巨大的商业价值。比如你所熟悉的搜索引擎——百度和谷歌,它们的核心技术之一也是爬虫,而且是超级爬虫。<br>爬虫还让这些搜索巨头有机会朝着人工智能的未来迈进,因为人工智能的发展离不开海量的数据。而每天使用这些搜索网站的用户都是数以亿计的,产生的数据自然也是难以计量的。<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2fb29fcae457437f8606931be9f0c8d4.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA6IOhIOiAgOaWhw==,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16" alt="浏览器的工作原理"></p>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/b87a5a6fe4fa4481a5523173de2539ad.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA6IOhIOiAgOaWhw==,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16" alt="在这里插入图片描述"></p>
<p>第0步:获取数据。爬虫程序会根据我们提供的网址,向服务器发起请求然后返回数据<br>第1步:解析数据。爬虫程序会把服务器返回的数据解析成我们能读懂的格式。<br>第2步:提取数据。爬虫程序再从中提取出我们需要的数据。<br>第3步:储存数据。爬虫程序把这些有用的数据保存起来,便于你日后的使用和分析。</p>
<p>requests库可以帮我们下载网页源代码、文本、图片,甚至是音频。其实,“下载”本质上是向服务器发送请求并得到响应。<br>Python是一门面向对象编程的语言,而在爬虫中,理解数据是什么对象是非常、特别、以及极其重要的一件事。因为只有知道了数据是什么对象,我们才知道对象有什么属性和方法可供我们操作。<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/76ac042c658a44c9b000d1ffdee85db5.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA6IOhIOiAgOaWhw==,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16" alt="在这里插入图片描述"><br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/94ca39b8c9fc4e61a4e11ec0ce82be58.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA6IOhIOiAgOaWhw==,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16" alt="在这里插入图片描述"><br>解析文本为什么会出现一段乱码呢?<br>事情是这样的:首先,目标数据本身有它的编码类型,<br>获取目标数据后要知道相应的编码类型才能正确解码。<br>编解码要共享同一种编码类型,就像你给我传纸条用的编码方式如果是“拼音”,我收到后就要拼“拼音”来理解语意——若我以为是“英语”,去查英语字典,那必然看不懂你说了什么。</p>
<p>Python关于requests.exceptions.ProxyError异常的问题<br>把VPN关掉就好了</p>
<p>服务器其实就是一个超级电脑,拥有这个服务器的公司,对爬虫其实也有明确的态度。<br>通常情况下,服务器不太会在意小爬虫,但是,服务器会拒绝频率很高的大型爬虫和恶意爬虫,因为这会给服务器带来极大的压力或伤害。<br>不过,服务器在通常情况下,对搜索引擎是欢迎的态度(刚刚讲过,谷歌和百度的核心技术之一就是爬虫)。当然,这是有条件的,通常这些条件会写在robots协议里。</p>
<p>robots协议是互联网爬虫的一项公认的道德规范,它的全称是“网络爬虫排除标准”(robots exclusion protocol),这个协议用来告诉爬虫,哪些页面是可以抓取的,哪些不可以。<br>我们使用robots协议的场景通常是:看到想获取的内容后,检查一下网站是否允许爬取。因此我们只需要能找到、简单读懂robots协议就足够了。<br>域名中会藏着网站的国籍或功能领域等信息,那么.cn,.com,.gov结尾的域名分别代表了什么?<br>来看一个实例:我们截取了一部分淘宝的robots协议 ( <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.taobao.com/robots.txt%EF%BC%89%E3%80%82%E5%9C%A8%E6%88%AA%E5%8F%96%E7%9A%84%E9%83%A8%E5%88%86%EF%BC%8C%E5%8F%AF%E4%BB%A5%E7%9C%8B%E5%88%B0%E6%B7%98%E5%AE%9D%E5%AF%B9%E7%99%BE%E5%BA%A6%E5%92%8C%E8%B0%B7%E6%AD%8C%E8%BF%99%E4%B8%A4%E4%B8%AA%E7%88%AC%E8%99%AB%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%BF%E9%97%AE%E8%A7%84%E5%AE%9A%EF%BC%8C%E4%BB%A5%E5%8F%8A%E5%AF%B9%E5%85%B6%E5%AE%83%E7%88%AC%E8%99%AB%E7%9A%84%E8%A7%84%E5%AE%9A%E3%80%82">http://www.taobao.com/robots.txt)。在截取的部分,可以看到淘宝对百度和谷歌这两个爬虫的访问规定,以及对其它爬虫的规定。</a></p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">User-agent:  Baiduspiderz # 百度爬虫</span><br><span class="line">Allow:  /article # 允许访问 article </span><br><span class="line">Allow:  /oshtml # 允许访问 oshtml </span><br><span class="line">Allow:  /ershou # 允许访问 ershou </span><br><span class="line">Allow: /$ # 允许访问根目录,即淘宝主页</span><br><span class="line">Disallow:  /product/ # 禁止访问product文件夹下面的所有文件,但是product文件夹本身允许被访问</span><br><span class="line">Disallow:  / # 禁止访问除 Allow 规定页面之外的其他所有页面</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">User-Agent:  Googlebot # 谷歌爬虫</span><br><span class="line">Allow:  /article</span><br><span class="line">Allow:  /oshtml</span><br><span class="line">Allow:  /product # 允许访问product文件夹及product文件夹下面的所有文件</span><br><span class="line">Allow:  /spu</span><br><span class="line">Allow:  /dianpu</span><br><span class="line">Allow:  /oversea</span><br><span class="line">Allow:  /list</span><br><span class="line">Allow:  /ershou</span><br><span class="line">Allow: /$</span><br><span class="line">Disallow:  / # 禁止访问除 Allow 规定页面之外的其他所有页面</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">…… # 文件太长,省略了对其它爬虫的规定,想看全文的话,点击上面的链接</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">User-Agent:  * # 其他爬虫</span><br><span class="line">Disallow:  / # 禁止访问所有页面</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<p>可以看出robots协议是“分段”的吗?每个段落都含有以下两种字段:一种是User-agent:,另一种是Allow:或Disallow:。<br>User-agent表示的是爬虫类型,上面的示例代码注释了“百度爬虫”和“谷歌爬虫”,我们自己写的爬虫一般要看User-Agent: <em></em>指向所有未被明确提及的爬虫。</p>
<p>Allow代表允许被访问,Disallow代表禁止被访问。字段对应的值都含有路径分隔符/,限制了哪些或哪一层目录的内容是允许或者禁止被访问的。可以对比上述百度爬虫Disallow: /product/和谷歌爬虫Allow: /product的注释行理解一下。<br>比如淘宝禁止其他爬虫访问所有页面,也就是说,我们自己写的爬虫不被欢迎爬取<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.taobao.com域名下的任何网页./">www.taobao.com域名下的任何网页。</a><br>有趣的是,淘宝限制了百度对产品页面的爬虫,却允许谷歌访问。</p>
<p>所以,当你在百度搜索“淘宝网”时,会看到下图的这两行小字。</p>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/6c805722d9924f498f69f8a3bc6a1785.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA6IOhIOiAgOaWhw==,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16" alt="在这里插入图片描述"></p>
<p>因为百度很好地遵守了淘宝网的robots.txt协议,自然,你在百度中也查不到淘宝网的具体商品信息了。</p>
<p>互联网并非法外之地,和爬虫相关的法律也在建立和完善之中,目前通用的伦理规范就是robots协议,我们在爬取网络中的信息时,应该有意识地去遵守这个协议。</p>
<p>网站的服务器被爬虫爬得多了,也会受到较大的压力,因此,各大网站也会做一些反爬虫的措施。不过呢,有反爬虫,也就有相应的反反爬虫</p>
<p>爬虫就像是核技术,人们可以利用它去做有用的事,也能利用它去搞破坏。</p>
<p>恶意消耗别人的服务器资源,是一件不道德的事,恶意爬取一些不被允许的数据,还可能会引起严重的法律后果。</p>
<p>工具在你手中,如何利用它是你的选择。当你在爬取网站数据的时候,别忘了先看看网站的robots协议是否允许你去爬取。</p>
<p>同时,限制好爬虫的速度,对提供数据的服务器心存感谢,避免给它造成太大压力,维持良好的互联网秩序,也是我们该做的事。</p>
<h2 id="代码"><a href="#代码" class="headerlink" title="代码"></a>代码</h2><figure class="highlight cpp"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> requests</span><br><span class="line">from requests.<span class="function">exceptions <span class="keyword">import</span> RequestException</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">def <span class="title">get_one_page</span><span class="params">(url)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">    headers =</span> {<span class="string">"user-agent"</span>: <span class="string">"Mizilla/5.0"</span>}</span><br><span class="line">    response = requests.<span class="built_in">get</span>(url,headers=headers)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> response.status_code == <span class="number">200</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"请求成功"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span> response</span><br><span class="line">        elif response.status_code == <span class="number">100</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"继续提出请求"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span> None</span><br><span class="line">        elif response.status_code == <span class="number">305</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"应使用代理访问"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span> None</span><br><span class="line">        elif response.status_code == <span class="number">403</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"禁止访问"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span> None</span><br><span class="line">        elif response.status_code == <span class="number">503</span>:</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="built_in">print</span>(<span class="string">"服务不可用"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span> None</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    except RequestException:</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> None</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">def <span class="built_in">main</span>():</span><br><span class="line">    url = <span class="string">'https://localprod.pandateacher.com/python-manuscript/crawler-html/sanguo.md'</span></span><br><span class="line">    html = <span class="built_in">get_one_page</span>(url)</span><br><span class="line">    html.encoding = <span class="string">'utf-8'</span></span><br><span class="line">    novel = html.text</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">print</span>(novel[:<span class="number">100</span>])</span><br><span class="line">    f = <span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">'《三国演义》.txt'</span>,<span class="string">'w'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    f.<span class="built_in">write</span>(novel)</span><br><span class="line">    f.<span class="built_in">close</span>()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> __name__ == <span class="string">'__main__'</span>:</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">main</span>()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<hr>
<figure class="highlight cpp"><table><tbody><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> requests</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">url = <span class="string">'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/hyw200199/Figurebed@master/my_image/安智焕21.jpg'</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">headers = {<span class="string">"user-agent"</span>: <span class="string">"Mizilla/5.0"</span>}</span><br><span class="line">res = requests.<span class="built_in">get</span>(url,headers=headers)</span><br><span class="line">pic = res.content # 把Reponse对象的内容以二进制数据的形式返回</span><br><span class="line"># 新建了一个文件ppt.jpg,这里的文件没加路径,它会被保存在程序运行的当前目录下。</span><br><span class="line"># 图片内容需要以二进制wb读写。你在学习<span class="built_in">open</span>()函数时接触过它。</span><br><span class="line">photo = <span class="built_in">open</span>(<span class="string">'girl1.jpg'</span>,<span class="string">'wb'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"># 获取pic的二进制内容</span><br><span class="line">photo.<span class="built_in">write</span>(pic)</span><br><span class="line"># 关闭文件</span><br><span class="line">photo.<span class="built_in">close</span>()</span><br></pre></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>
<hr>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/cfa71f586475cf580ec807e5c91c644a.png" alt="that_show"><img src="/0%E5%88%9D%E8%AF%86%E7%88%AC%E8%99%AB/cfa71f586475cf580ec807e5c91c644a.png" alt="that_show"></p>

                
            </div>
            <hr/>

            

    <div class="reprint" id="reprint-statement">
        
            <div class="reprint__author">
                <span class="reprint-meta" style="font-weight: bold;">
                    <i class="fas fa-user">
                        文章作者:
                    </i>
                </span>
                <span class="reprint-info">
                    <a href="/about" rel="external nofollow noreferrer">胡耀文</a>
                </span>
            </div>
            <div class="reprint__type">
                <span class="reprint-meta" style="font-weight: bold;">
                    <i class="fas fa-link">
                        文章链接:
                    </i>
                </span>
                <span class="reprint-info">
                    <a href="https://hyw200199.github.io/2022/02/08/0-chu-shi-pa-chong/">https://hyw200199.github.io/2022/02/08/0-chu-shi-pa-chong/</a>
                </span>
            </div>
            <div class="reprint__notice">
                <span class="reprint-meta" style="font-weight: bold;">
                    <i class="fas fa-copyright">
                        版权声明:
                    </i>
                </span>
                <span class="reprint-info">
                    本博客所有文章除特別声明外,均采用
                    <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.zh" rel="external nofollow noreferrer" target="_blank">CC BY 4.0</a>
                    许可协议。转载请注明来源
                    <a href="/about" target="_blank">胡耀文</a>
                    !
                </span>
            </div>
        
    </div>

    <script async defer>
      document.addEventListener("copy", function (e) {
        let toastHTML = '<span>复制成功,请遵循本文的转载规则</span><button class="btn-flat toast-action" οnclick="navToReprintStatement()" style="font-size: smaller">查看</a>';
        M.toast({html: toastHTML})
      });

      function navToReprintStatement() {
        $("html, body").animate({scrollTop: $("#reprint-statement").offset().top - 80}, 800);
      }
    </script>



            <div class="tag_share" style="display: block;">
                <div class="post-meta__tag-list" style="display: inline-block;">
                    
                        <div class="article-tag">
                            
                                <a href="/tags/%E7%88%AC%E8%99%AB/">
                                    <span class="chip bg-color">爬虫</span>
                                </a>
                            
                                <a href="/tags/python/">
                                    <span class="chip bg-color">python</span>
                                </a>
                            
                                <a href="/tags/requests/">
                                    <span class="chip bg-color">requests</span>
                                </a>
                            
                                <a href="/tags/%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE/">
                                    <span class="chip bg-color">协议</span>
                                </a>
                            
                        </div>
                    
                </div>
                <div class="post_share" style="zoom: 80%; width: fit-content; display: inline-block; float: right; margin: -0.15rem 0;">
                    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/share/css/share.min.css">
<div id="article-share">

    
    <div class="social-share" data-sites="twitter,facebook,google,qq,qzone,wechat,weibo,douban,linkedin" data-wechat-qrcode-helper="<p>微信扫一扫即可分享!</p>"></div>
    <script src="/libs/share/js/social-share.min.js"></script>
    

    

</div>

                </div>
            </div>
            
                <style>
    #reward {
        margin: 40px 0;
        text-align: center;
    }

    #reward .reward-link {
        font-size: 1.4rem;
        line-height: 38px;
    }

    #reward .btn-floating:hover {
        box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    }

    #rewardModal {
        width: 320px;
        height: 350px;
    }

    #rewardModal .reward-title {
        margin: 15px auto;
        padding-bottom: 5px;
    }

    #rewardModal .modal-content {
        padding: 10px;
    }

    #rewardModal .close {
        position: absolute;
        right: 15px;
        top: 15px;
        color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
        font-size: 1.3rem;
        line-height: 20px;
        cursor: pointer;
    }

    #rewardModal .close:hover {
        color: #ef5350;
        transform: scale(1.3);
        -moz-transform:scale(1.3);
        -webkit-transform:scale(1.3);
        -o-transform:scale(1.3);
    }

    #rewardModal .reward-tabs {
        margin: 0 auto;
        width: 210px;
    }

    .reward-tabs .tabs {
        height: 38px;
        margin: 10px auto;
        padding-left: 0;
    }

    .reward-content ul {
        padding-left: 0 !important;
    }

    .reward-tabs .tabs .tab {
        height: 38px;
        line-height: 38px;
    }

    .reward-tabs .tab a {
        color: #fff;
        background-color: #ccc;
    }

    .reward-tabs .tab a:hover {
        background-color: #ccc;
        color: #fff;
    }

    .reward-tabs .wechat-tab .active {
        color: #fff !important;
        background-color: #22AB38 !important;
    }

    .reward-tabs .alipay-tab .active {
        color: #fff !important;
        background-color: #019FE8 !important;
    }

    .reward-tabs .reward-img {
        width: 210px;
        height: 210px;
    }
</style>

<div id="reward">
    <a href="#rewardModal" class="reward-link modal-trigger btn-floating btn-medium waves-effect waves-light red"></a>

    <!-- Modal Structure -->
    <div id="rewardModal" class="modal">
        <div class="modal-content">
            <a class="close modal-close"><i class="fas fa-times"></i></a>
            <h4 class="reward-title">thank you!!! mua~</h4>
            <div class="reward-content">
                <div class="reward-tabs">
                    <ul class="tabs row">
                        <li class="tab col s6 alipay-tab waves-effect waves-light"><a href="#alipay">支付宝</a></li>
                        <li class="tab col s6 wechat-tab waves-effect waves-light"><a href="#wechat">微 信</a></li>
                    </ul>
                    <div id="alipay">
                        <img src="/medias/reward/my_alipay.jpg" class="reward-img" alt="支付宝打赏二维码">
                    </div>
                    <div id="wechat">
                        <img src="/medias/reward/my_wechat.png" class="reward-img" alt="微信打赏二维码">
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

<script>
    $(function () {
        $('.tabs').tabs();
    });
</script>

            
        </div>
    </div>

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

<article id="prenext-posts" class="prev-next articles">
    <div class="row article-row">
        
        <div class="article col s12 m6" data-aos="fade-up" data-aos="fade-up">
            <div class="article-badge left-badge text-color">
                <i class="far fa-dot-circle"></i>&nbsp;本篇
            </div>
            <div class="card">
                <a href="/2022/02/08/0-chu-shi-pa-chong/">
                    <div class="card-image">
                        
                        
                        <img src="/medias/featureimages/girl.jpg" class="responsive-img" alt="0初识爬虫">
                        
                        <span class="card-title">0初识爬虫</span>
                    </div>
                </a>
                <div class="card-content article-content">
                    <div class="summary block-with-text">
                        
                            
                        
                    </div>
                    <div class="publish-info">
                            <span class="publish-date">
                                <i class="far fa-clock fa-fw icon-date"></i>2022-02-08
                            </span>
                        <span class="publish-author">
                            
                            <i class="fas fa-bookmark fa-fw icon-category"></i>
                            
                            <a href="/categories/%E7%88%AC%E8%99%AB/" class="post-category">
                                    爬虫
                                </a>
                            
                            
                        </span>
                    </div>
                </div>

                
                <div class="card-action article-tags">
                    
                    <a href="/tags/%E7%88%AC%E8%99%AB/">
                        <span class="chip bg-color">爬虫</span>
                    </a>
                    
                    <a href="/tags/python/">
                        <span class="chip bg-color">python</span>
                    </a>
                    
                    <a href="/tags/requests/">
                        <span class="chip bg-color">requests</span>
                    </a>
                    
                    <a href="/tags/%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE/">
                        <span class="chip bg-color">协议</span>
                    </a>
                    
                </div>
                
            </div>
        </div>
        
        
        <div class="article col s12 m6" data-aos="fade-up">
            <div class="article-badge right-badge text-color">
                下一篇&nbsp;<i class="fas fa-chevron-right"></i>
            </div>
            <div class="card">
                <a href="/2022/02/07/csoj-han-jia-05/">
                    <div class="card-image">
                        
                        
                        <img src="/medias/featureimages/jinx10.jpg" class="responsive-img" alt="csoj寒假05">
                        
                        <span class="card-title">csoj寒假05</span>
                    </div>
                </a>
                <div class="card-content article-content">
                    <div class="summary block-with-text">
                        
                            
                        
                    </div>
                    <div class="publish-info">
                            <span class="publish-date">
                                <i class="far fa-clock fa-fw icon-date"></i>2022-02-07
                            </span>
                        <span class="publish-author">
                            
                            <i class="fas fa-bookmark fa-fw icon-category"></i>
                            
                            <a href="/categories/%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95/" class="post-category">
                                    算法
                                </a>
                            
                            
                        </span>
                    </div>
                </div>
                
                <div class="card-action article-tags">
                    
                    <a href="/tags/%E5%8C%BA%E9%97%B4dp/">
                        <span class="chip bg-color">区间dp</span>
                    </a>
                    
                    <a href="/tags/%E6%9C%9F%E6%9C%9Bdp/">
                        <span class="chip bg-color">期望dp</span>
                    </a>
                    
                    <a href="/tags/%E6%A0%91%E9%93%BE%E5%89%96%E5%88%86/">
                        <span class="chip bg-color">树链剖分</span>
                    </a>
                    
                    <a href="/tags/%E5%87%B8%E5%8C%85/">
                        <span class="chip bg-color">凸包</span>
                    </a>
                    
                </div>
                
            </div>
        </div>
        
    </div>
</article>

</div>



<!-- 代码块功能依赖 -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="/libs/codeBlock/codeBlockFuction.js"></script>

<!-- 代码语言 -->

<script type="text/javascript" src="/libs/codeBlock/codeLang.js"></script>


<!-- 代码块复制 -->

<script type="text/javascript" src="/libs/codeBlock/codeCopy.js"></script>


<!-- 代码块收缩 -->

<script type="text/javascript" src="/libs/codeBlock/codeShrink.js"></script>


    </div>
    <div id="toc-aside" class="expanded col l3 hide-on-med-and-down">
        <div class="toc-widget card" style="background-color: white;">
            <div class="toc-title"><i class="far fa-list-alt"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;目录</div>
            <div id="toc-content"></div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

<!-- TOC 悬浮按钮. -->

<div id="floating-toc-btn" class="hide-on-med-and-down">
    <a class="btn-floating btn-large bg-color">
        <i class="fas fa-list-ul"></i>
    </a>
</div>


<script src="/libs/tocbot/tocbot.min.js"></script>
<script>
    $(function () {
        tocbot.init({
            tocSelector: '#toc-content',
            contentSelector: '#articleContent',
            headingsOffset: -($(window).height() * 0.4 - 45),
            collapseDepth: Number('0'),
            headingSelector: 'h2, h3, h4'
        });

        // modify the toc link href to support Chinese.
        let i = 0;
        let tocHeading = 'toc-heading-';
        $('#toc-content a').each(function () {
            $(this).attr('href', '#' + tocHeading + (++i));
        });

        // modify the heading title id to support Chinese.
        i = 0;
        $('#articleContent').children('h2, h3, h4').each(function () {
            $(this).attr('id', tocHeading + (++i));
        });

        // Set scroll toc fixed.
        let tocHeight = parseInt($(window).height() * 0.4 - 64);
        let $tocWidget = $('.toc-widget');
        $(window).scroll(function () {
            let scroll = $(window).scrollTop();
            /* add post toc fixed. */
            if (scroll > tocHeight) {
                $tocWidget.addClass('toc-fixed');
            } else {
                $tocWidget.removeClass('toc-fixed');
            }
        });

        
        /* 修复文章卡片 div 的宽度. */
        let fixPostCardWidth = function (srcId, targetId) {
            let srcDiv = $('#' + srcId);
            if (srcDiv.length === 0) {
                return;
            }

            let w = srcDiv.width();
            if (w >= 450) {
                w = w + 21;
            } else if (w >= 350 && w < 450) {
                w = w + 18;
            } else if (w >= 300 && w < 350) {
                w = w + 16;
            } else {
                w = w + 14;
            }
            $('#' + targetId).width(w);
        };

        // 切换TOC目录展开收缩的相关操作.
        const expandedClass = 'expanded';
        let $tocAside = $('#toc-aside');
        let $mainContent = $('#main-content');
        $('#floating-toc-btn .btn-floating').click(function () {
            if ($tocAside.hasClass(expandedClass)) {
                $tocAside.removeClass(expandedClass).hide();
                $mainContent.removeClass('l9');
            } else {
                $tocAside.addClass(expandedClass).show();
                $mainContent.addClass('l9');
            }
            fixPostCardWidth('artDetail', 'prenext-posts');
        });
        
    });
</script>

    

</main>




    <footer class="page-footer bg-color">
    

    <div class="container row center-align"
         style="margin-bottom: 0px !important;">
        <div class="col s12 m8 l8 copy-right">
            Copyright&nbsp;&copy;
            
                <span id="year">2022</span>
            
            <a href="/about" target="_blank">��ҫ��</a>
            |&nbsp;Powered by&nbsp;<a href="https://hexo.io/" target="_blank">Hexo</a>
            |&nbsp;Theme&nbsp;<a href="https://github.com/blinkfox/hexo-theme-matery" target="_blank">Matery</a>
            <br>
            
                &nbsp;<i class="fas fa-chart-area"></i>&nbsp;站点总字数:&nbsp;<span
                        class="white-color">2.1k</span>
            
            
            
                
            
            
                <span id="busuanzi_container_site_pv">
                &nbsp;|&nbsp;<i class="far fa-eye"></i>&nbsp;总访问量:&nbsp;
                    <span id="busuanzi_value_site_pv" class="white-color"></span>
            </span>
            
            
                <span id="busuanzi_container_site_uv">
                &nbsp;|&nbsp;<i class="fas fa-users"></i>&nbsp;总访问人数:&nbsp;
                    <span id="busuanzi_value_site_uv" class="white-color"></span>
            </span>
            
            <br>

            <!-- 运行天数提醒. -->
            
            <br>
            
        </div>
        <div class="col s12 m4 l4 social-link social-statis">
    <a href="https://github.com/hyw200199" class="tooltipped" target="_blank" data-tooltip="访问我的GitHub" data-position="top" data-delay="50">
        <i class="fab fa-github"></i>
    </a>



    <a href="mailto:2372847321@qq.com" class="tooltipped" target="_blank" data-tooltip="邮件联系我" data-position="top" data-delay="50">
        <i class="fas fa-envelope-open"></i>
    </a>







    <a href="tencent://AddContact/?fromId=50&fromSubId=1&subcmd=all&uin=2372847321" class="tooltipped" target="_blank" data-tooltip="QQ联系我: 2372847321" data-position="top" data-delay="50">
        <i class="fab fa-qq"></i>
    </a>



    <a href="https://weibo.com/huyaowen200199" class="tooltipped" target="_blank" data-tooltip="关注我的微博: https://weibo.com/huyaowen200199" data-position="top" data-delay="50">
        <i class="fab fa-weibo"></i>
    </a>



    <a href="https://www.zhihu.com/people/unravel-7-4-18" class="tooltipped" target="_blank" data-tooltip="关注我的知乎: https://www.zhihu.com/people/unravel-7-4-18" data-position="top" data-delay="50">
        <i class="fab fa-zhihu1"></i>
    </a>



    <a href="/atom.xml" class="tooltipped" target="_blank" data-tooltip="RSS 订阅" data-position="top" data-delay="50">
        <i class="fas fa-rss"></i>
    </a>

</div>
    </div>
</footer>

<div class="progress-bar"></div>


    <!-- 搜索遮罩框 -->
<div id="searchModal" class="modal">
    <div class="modal-content">
        <div class="search-header">
            <span class="title"><i class="fas fa-search"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;搜索</span>
            <input type="search" id="searchInput" name="s" placeholder="请输入搜索的关键字"
                   class="search-input">
        </div>
        <div id="searchResult"></div>
    </div>
</div>

<script type="text/javascript">
$(function () {
    var searchFunc = function (path, search_id, content_id) {
        'use strict';
        $.ajax({
            url: path,
            dataType: "xml",
            success: function (xmlResponse) {
                // get the contents from search data
                var datas = $("entry", xmlResponse).map(function () {
                    return {
                        title: $("title", this).text(),
                        content: $("content", this).text(),
                        url: $("url", this).text()
                    };
                }).get();
                var $input = document.getElementById(search_id);
                var $resultContent = document.getElementById(content_id);
                $input.addEventListener('input', function () {
                    var str = '<ul class=\"search-result-list\">';
                    var keywords = this.value.trim().toLowerCase().split(/[\s\-]+/);
                    $resultContent.innerHTML = "";
                    if (this.value.trim().length <= 0) {
                        return;
                    }
                    // perform local searching
                    datas.forEach(function (data) {
                        var isMatch = true;
                        var data_title = data.title.trim().toLowerCase();
                        var data_content = data.content.trim().replace(/<[^>]+>/g, "").toLowerCase();
                        var data_url = data.url;
                        data_url = data_url.indexOf('/') === 0 ? data.url : '/' + data_url;
                        var index_title = -1;
                        var index_content = -1;
                        var first_occur = -1;
                        // only match artiles with not empty titles and contents
                        if (data_title !== '' && data_content !== '') {
                            keywords.forEach(function (keyword, i) {
                                index_title = data_title.indexOf(keyword);
                                index_content = data_content.indexOf(keyword);
                                if (index_title < 0 && index_content < 0) {
                                    isMatch = false;
                                } else {
                                    if (index_content < 0) {
                                        index_content = 0;
                                    }
                                    if (i === 0) {
                                        first_occur = index_content;
                                    }
                                }
                            });
                        }
                        // show search results
                        if (isMatch) {
                            str += "<li><a href='" + data_url + "' class='search-result-title'>" + data_title + "</a>";
                            var content = data.content.trim().replace(/<[^>]+>/g, "");
                            if (first_occur >= 0) {
                                // cut out 100 characters
                                var start = first_occur - 20;
                                var end = first_occur + 80;
                                if (start < 0) {
                                    start = 0;
                                }
                                if (start === 0) {
                                    end = 100;
                                }
                                if (end > content.length) {
                                    end = content.length;
                                }
                                var match_content = content.substr(start, end);
                                // highlight all keywords
                                keywords.forEach(function (keyword) {
                                    var regS = new RegExp(keyword, "gi");
                                    match_content = match_content.replace(regS, "<em class=\"search-keyword\">" + keyword + "</em>");
                                });

                                str += "<p class=\"search-result\">" + match_content + "...</p>"
                            }
                            str += "</li>";
                        }
                    });
                    str += "</ul>";
                    $resultContent.innerHTML = str;
                });
            }
        });
    };

    searchFunc('/search.xml', 'searchInput', 'searchResult');
});
</script>

    <!-- 回到顶部按钮 -->
<div id="backTop" class="top-scroll">
    <a class="btn-floating btn-large waves-effect waves-light" href="#!">
        <i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i>
    </a>
</div>


    <script src="/libs/materialize/materialize.min.js"></script>
    <script src="/libs/masonry/masonry.pkgd.min.js"></script>
    <script src="/libs/aos/aos.js"></script>
    <script src="/libs/scrollprogress/scrollProgress.min.js"></script>
    <script src="/libs/lightGallery/js/lightgallery-all.min.js"></script>
    <script src="/js/matery.js"></script>

    

    
        
        <script type="text/javascript">
            // 只在桌面版网页启用特效
            var windowWidth = $(window).width();
            if (windowWidth > 768) {
                document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="/libs/others/sakura.js"><\/script>');
            }
        </script>
    

    <!-- 雪花特效 -->
     
        <script type="text/javascript">
            // 只在桌面版网页启用特效
            var windowWidth = $(window).width();
            if (windowWidth > 768) {
                document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="/libs/others/snow.js"><\/script>');
            }
        </script>
    

    <!-- 鼠标星星特效 -->
     
        <script type="text/javascript">
            // 只在桌面版网页启用特效
            var windowWidth = $(window).width();
            if (windowWidth > 768) {
                document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="/libs/others/star.js"><\/script>');
            }
        </script>
    

     
        <script src="https://ssl.captcha.qq.com/TCaptcha.js"></script>
        <script src="/libs/others/TencentCaptcha.js"></script>
        <button id="TencentCaptcha" data-appid="xxxxxxxxxx" data-cbfn="callback" type="button" hidden></button>
    

    <!-- Baidu Analytics -->

    <!-- Baidu Push -->

<script>
    (function () {
        var bp = document.createElement('script');
        var curProtocol = window.location.protocol.split(':')[0];
        if (curProtocol === 'https') {
            bp.src = 'https://zz.bdstatic.com/linksubmit/push.js';
        } else {
            bp.src = 'http://push.zhanzhang.baidu.com/push.js';
        }
        var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];
        s.parentNode.insertBefore(bp, s);
    })();
</script>

    
    <script src="/libs/others/clicklove.js" async="async"></script>
    
    
    <script async src="/libs/others/busuanzi.pure.mini.js"></script>
    

    

    

    <!--腾讯兔小巢-->
    
    

    

    

    
    <script src="/libs/instantpage/instantpage.js" type="module"></script>
    

</body>

</html>

评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值