摄像头实时采集图像 - iOS

新接到一个实时获取摄像头当前照片的需求，在设定的时间内需要保持摄像头处在开启状态并可以实时回调到当前的图片数据信息；
此次结合 AVCaptureDevice、AVCaptureSession、AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer 将其与 UIView、UIImageView 和 UIImage 相结合；

Github
具体实现 code 如下：

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#import <CoreVideo/CoreVideo.h>
#import <CoreMedia/CoreMedia.h>
#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN

@interface YHCameraView : UIView <AVCaptureVideoDataOutputSampleBufferDelegate>

@property (nonatomic, weak) UIImageView *cameraImageView;
@property (strong, nonatomic) AVCaptureDevice* device;
@property (strong, nonatomic) AVCaptureSession* captureSession;
@property (strong, nonatomic) AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer* previewLayer;
@property (strong, nonatomic) UIImage* cameraImage;

@end

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END

#import "YHCameraView.h"

@implementation YHCameraView

- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {
    if (self = [super initWithFrame:frame]) {
        self.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
        [self createUI];
    }
    return self;
}

/*
// Only override drawRect: if you perform custom drawing.
// An empty implementation adversely affects performance during animation.
- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect {
    // Drawing code
}
*/

- (void)createUI {
    NSArray* devices = [AVCaptureDevice devicesWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];
    for(AVCaptureDevice *device in devices)
    {
        if([device position] == AVCaptureDevicePositionFront) // 前置摄像头
            self.device = device;
    }
    
    AVCaptureDeviceInput* input = [AVCaptureDeviceInput deviceInputWithDevice:self.device error:nil];
    AVCaptureVideoDataOutput* output = [[AVCaptureVideoDataOutput alloc] init];
    output.alwaysDiscardsLateVideoFrames = YES;

    dispatch_queue_t queue;
    queue = dispatch_queue_create("cameraQueue", NULL);
    [output setSampleBufferDelegate:self queue:queue];

    NSString* key = (NSString *) kCVPixelBufferPixelFormatTypeKey;
    NSNumber* value = [NSNumber numberWithUnsignedInt:kCVPixelFormatType_32BGRA];
    NSDictionary* videoSettings = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:value forKey:key];
    [output setVideoSettings:videoSettings];

    self.captureSession = [[AVCaptureSession alloc] init];
    [self.captureSession addInput:input];
    [self.captureSession addOutput:output];
    [self.captureSession setSessionPreset:AVCaptureSessionPresetPhoto];

    self.previewLayer = [AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer layerWithSession:self.captureSession];
    self.previewLayer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspectFill;

    // CHECK FOR YOUR APP
    NSInteger screenWidth = self.frame.size.width;
    NSInteger screenHeitht = self.frame.size.height;
    self.previewLayer.frame = self.bounds;
    self.previewLayer.orientation = AVCaptureVideoOrientationPortrait;
    // CHECK FOR YOUR APP

//    [self.layer insertSublayer:self.previewLayer atIndex:0];   // Comment-out to hide preview layer

    [self.captureSession startRunning];
}

- (void)captureOutput:(AVCaptureOutput *)captureOutput didOutputSampleBuffer:(CMSampleBufferRef)sampleBuffer fromConnection:(AVCaptureConnection *)connection
{
    CVImageBufferRef imageBuffer = CMSampleBufferGetImageBuffer(sampleBuffer);
    CVPixelBufferLockBaseAddress(imageBuffer, 0);
    uint8_t *baseAddress = (uint8_t *)CVPixelBufferGetBaseAddress(imageBuffer);
    size_t bytesPerRow = CVPixelBufferGetBytesPerRow(imageBuffer);
    size_t width = CVPixelBufferGetWidth(imageBuffer);
    size_t height = CVPixelBufferGetHeight(imageBuffer);

    CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
    CGContextRef newContext = CGBitmapContextCreate(baseAddress, width, height, 8, bytesPerRow, colorSpace, kCGBitmapByteOrder32Little | kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedFirst);
    CGImageRef newImage = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(newContext);

    CGContextRelease(newContext);
    CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);

    self.cameraImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:newImage scale:1.0f orientation:UIImageOrientationLeftMirrored]; // UIImageOrientationDownMirrored
    self.cameraImageView.image = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:newImage scale:1.0f orientation:UIImageOrientationLeftMirrored];

    CGImageRelease(newImage);

    CVPixelBufferUnlockBaseAddress(imageBuffer, 0);
}

@end

将其实例化后在需要的时候直接获取其 cameraView 的 cameraImage 即可；

#pragma mark - 快照采集
/// 快照采集
- (YHCameraView *)cameraView {
    if (!_cameraView) {
        YHCameraView *view = [[YHCameraView alloc] init];
        view.frame = CGRectMake(1, 1, 1, 1);
        view.cameraImageView.image = view.cameraImage;
        _cameraView = view;
    }
    return _cameraView;
}

NSString *strImg = [YHCameraManager imageBase64EncodedWithImage:self.cameraView.cameraImage
                                                       AndImageType:@"JPEG"]; // 获取照片信息

/**
 图片转 Base64
 
 @param img     原图片
 @param type    图片类型(PNG 或 JPEG)
 @return        处理结果
 */
+ (NSString *)imageBase64EncodedWithImage:(UIImage *)img AndImageType:(NSString *)type {
    NSString *callBack = nil;
    if ([img isKindOfClass:[UIImage class]]) {
        NSData *data = [NSData data];
        if ([type isEqualToString:@"PNG"]) {
            data = UIImagePNGRepresentation(img);
        } else {
            data = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(img, 1.0f);
        }
        
        NSString *encodedImgStr = [data base64EncodedStringWithOptions:NSDataBase64Encoding64CharacterLineLength];
        
        NSLog(@"YHCameraManager\nencodedImgStr: %@", encodedImgStr);
        return encodedImgStr;
    } else {
        return callBack;
    }
}

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