Builder设计模式Demo

 

作为Java/Android开发者, 如果你想设计一个通用的库, Builder模式几乎肯定是会用到的, 我们需要提供良好的入口/接口来使用者可以弹性地构造他们需要的对象.

像一些优秀的开源库, 例如Glide, OkHttp等都在构造Glide, OkHttpClient时用到Builder模式, 例如OkHttpClient的创建, 如下节选OkHttpClient.java的代码:

 

public class OkHttpClient implements Cloneable, Call.Factory {
    public OkHttpClient() {
        this(new Builder());
    }

    private OkHttpClient(Builder builder) {
        this.dispatcher = builder.dispatcher;
        this.proxy = builder.proxy;
        this.protocols = builder.protocols;
        this.connectionSpecs = builder.connectionSpecs;
        this.interceptors = Util.immutableList(builder.interceptors);
        this.networkInterceptors = Util.immutableList(builder.networkInterceptors);
        this.proxySelector = builder.proxySelector;
        this.cookieJar = builder.cookieJar;
        this.cache = builder.cache;
        this.internalCache = builder.internalCache;
        this.socketFactory = builder.socketFactory;

        // more code...
    }

    public static final class Builder {

        public Builder() {
            ...
        }


        public Builder cache(Cache cache) {
            ...
        }

        public Builder dispatcher(Dispatcher dispatcher) {
            ...
        }

        public Builder protocols(List protocols) {
            ...
        }

        public List networkInterceptors() {
            ...
        }

        public Builder addNetworkInterceptor(Interceptor interceptor) {
            ...
        }

        public OkHttpClient build() {
            return new OkHttpClient(this);
        }
    }
}

 

 

Buidler模式, 是一种创建型的设计模式.

通常用来将一个复杂的对象的构造过程分离, 让使用者可以根据需要选择创建过程.

 

 

另外, 当这个复杂的对象的构造包含很多可选参数时, 那Builder模式可以说是不二之选.

 

所以今天写了一个Builer模式的一个demo  

一个饺子的类  然后顾客根据自己的喜好自助添加作料

 

public class Dumpling {

    private boolean soy;
    private boolean vinegar;
    private boolean garlic;
    private boolean chili;

    public Dumpling(Builder builder) {
        this.soy = builder.soy;
        this.chili = builder.chili;
        this.garlic = builder.garlic;
        this.vinegar = builder.vinegar;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("来一盘饺子放：");

        if (this.soy){
            builder.append("酱油");
        }
          if (this.chili){
            builder.append("辣椒");
        }
          if (this.vinegar){
            builder.append("醋");
        }
          if (this.garlic){
            builder.append("蒜");
        }

        return builder.toString();
    }

    public static class Builder {
        private boolean soy;
        private boolean vinegar;
        private boolean garlic;
        private boolean chili;

        public Builder() {
        }

        public Builder withSoy() {
            this.soy = true;
            return this;
        }

        public Builder withVinegar() {
            this.vinegar = true;
            return this;
        }

        public Builder withGarlic() {
            this.garlic = true;
            return this;
        }

        public Builder withChili() {
            this.chili = true;
            return this;
        }

        public Dumpling build() {
            return new Dumpling(this);
        }
    }

 

一般来说Builder常常作为静态内部类（提高内聚性）

 

下面是顾客自助活动

 

public class BuilderDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Dumpling customer1 = new Dumpling.Builder()
                .withChili()
                .withGarlic()
                .withSoy()
                .build();

        System.out.println("第一个顾客"+customer1.toString());

        Dumpling customer2 = new Dumpling.Builder()
                .withSoy()
                .withVinegar()
                .build();
        System.out.println("第二个顾客"+customer2.toString());

        Dumpling customer3 = new Dumpling.Builder()
                .withVinegar()
                .withChili()
                .withGarlic()
                .build();

        System.out.println("第三个顾客"+customer3.toString());
    }
}

运行结果

 

第一个顾客来一盘饺子放：酱油辣椒蒜
第二个顾客来一盘饺子放：酱油醋
第三个顾客来一盘饺子放：辣椒醋蒜