Jar包org.springframewrork.beans下org.springframework.beans.factory中BeanFactory类。BeanFactory为spring IOC的最基本的容器接口,其定义了对容器的一系列基本操作。如getBean(String name)返回容器中名name的bean。
IOC容器启动:
ContextLoaderListener继承ContextLoader类,实现ServletContextListener接口。ServletContextListener接口,它能够监听ServletContext对象的生命周期,实际上就是监听Web应用的生命周期。ContextLoaderListener就实现此监听接口,在contextInitialized方法中初始化应用容器,在contextDestroyed中关闭应用容器。ContextLoader类载入IOC容器作为根上下文存入ServletContext。此类主要包括对根上下文的初始化、关闭等相关操作。在创建WebApplicationContext时调用AbstractApplicationContext中的refresh()方法对WebApplicationContext进行初始化。
完成对ContextLoaderListener的初始化后,Tomcat会开始初始化DispatcherServlet。DispatcherServlet会建立自己的ApplicationContext,并以ServletContext中的根上下文作为自己的父上下文进行初始化,存入servletcontext中。其创建过程与创建根上下文类似。
DispatcherServlet继承FrameworkServlet继承HttpServletBean继承HttpSevlet,故此该类也为一个Servlet类。springweb首先将传统的httpservlet抽象类包装成了bean;frameworkservlet抽象出了web框架中的servlets的一些基本行为,比如对application context的访问;dispatcherservlet的主要工作就是将一个request分发到一个合适的处理器上,并将处理返回的modelandview绘制出来返回给客户端。FrameWorkServlet中的initServletBean调用DispatcherServlet中的onRefresh进行初始化,onRefresh调用initStrategies()方法对springMVC初始化HttpServletBean中的initServletBean()方法为空方法,其实现内容由其子类决定,此为templates的应用。(由具体类实现 ,子类可以改变实现内容,而不用修改操作流程。)
springmvc:
Spring的MVC框架主要由DispatcherServlet、处理器映射、处理器、视图解析器、视图组成。
整个处理过程从一个HTTP请求开始:
1)DispatcherServlet接收到请求后,根据对应配置文件中配置的处理器映射,找到对应的处理器映射项(HandlerMapping),根据配置的映射规则,找到对应的处理器(Handler)。
2)调用相应处理器中的处理方法,处理该请求,处理器处理结束后会将一个ModelAndView类型的数据传给DispatcherServlet,这其中包含了处理结果的视图和视图中要使用的数据。
3)DispatcherServlet根据得到的ModelAndView中的视图对象,找到一个合适的ViewResolver(视图解析器),根据视图解析器的配置,DispatcherServlet将视图要显示的数据传给对应的视图,最后给浏览器构造一个HTTP响应。
DispatcherServlet是整个Spring MVC的核心。它负责接收HTTP请求组织协调Spring MVC的各个组成部分。
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/login.action")
public class LoginAction {
//@RequestMapping(params= "method=validate",method=RequestMethod.POST)
@RequestMapping(params = "method=validate")
public String login(@ModelAttribute("userBean") UserBean userBean, HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
if(!"admin".equals(userBean.getName())){
return "index";
}
if(!"123456".equals(userBean.getPassword())){
return "index";
}
return "WEB-INF/view/main";
}
@RequestMapping(params = "method=validate2")
public String login2(@ModelAttribute("userBean") UserBean userBean, Model model) {
if(!"admin".equals(userBean.getName())){
model.addAttribute("msg", "用户名错误");//加入属性及值到model中
return "index";
}
if(!"123456".equals(userBean.getPassword())){
model.addAttribute("msg", "用户密码错误");
return "index";
}
return "WEB-INF/view/main";
}
@RequestMapping(params = "method=validate3")
public ModelAndView login3(@ModelAttribute("userBean") UserBean userBean, HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();
model.addObject("userBean", userBean);
if(!"admin".equals(userBean.getName())){
model.setViewName("index");
return model;
}
if(!"123456".equals(userBean.getPassword())){
model.setViewName("index");
return model;
}
model.setViewName("WEB-INF/view/main");
return model;
}
/**note:
* import org.springframework.web.portlet.ModelAndView;
* 不应该引入这个ModelAndView 应该引入:
* import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
* 否则跳转的路径将不正确
*/
}
model
public class UserBean {
private String name;
private String password;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
applictionContext:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.springmvc.action"/>
<bean id="ViewResovler" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass"
value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
${userBean.name}
<form action="<%=basePath%>login.action?method=validate" method="post">
username:<input type="text" name="name"/><br/>
password:<input type="text" name="password"/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="ok"/>
</form>
${msg}
<form action="<%=basePath%>login.action?method=validate2" method="post">
username:<input type="text" name="name"/><br/>
password:<input type="text" name="password"/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="ok"/>
</form>
${userBean.name}
<form action="<%=basePath%>login.action?method=validate3" method="post">
username:<input type="text" name="name"/><br/>
password:<input type="text" name="password"/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="ok"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dipatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dipatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>