ContextThemeWrapper解析

首先自定义一个View

public class CustomView extends View {  
    static final String LOG_TAG = "CustomView";  
  
    public CustomView(Context context) {  
        this(context, null);  
    }  
  
    public CustomView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {  
        this(context, attrs, R.attr.customViewStyle);  
    }  
  
    public CustomView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {  
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);  
        TypedArray array = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CustomView, defStyleAttr, 0);  
        Log.d(LOG_TAG, "array length = " + array.getIndexCount());  
  
        Log.d(LOG_TAG, "attr1 => " + array.getString(R.styleable.CustomView_attr1));  
        Log.d(LOG_TAG, "attr2 => " + array.getString(R.styleable.CustomView_attr2));  
        Log.d(LOG_TAG, "attr3 => " + array.getString(R.styleable.CustomView_attr3));  
        Log.d(LOG_TAG, "attr4 => " + array.getString(R.styleable.CustomView_attr4));  
        Log.d(LOG_TAG, "attr5 => " + array.getString(R.styleable.CustomView_attr5));  
        Log.d(LOG_TAG, "attr6 => " + array.getString(R.styleable.CustomView_attr6));  
  
        array.recycle();  
    }  
}  

定义好属性attrs.xml，

<resources>  
  
    <declare-styleable name="CustomView">  
        <attr name="attr1" format="string" />  
        <attr name="attr2" format="string" />  
        <attr name="attr3" format="string" />  
        <attr name="attr4" format="string" />  
        <attr name="attr5" format="string" />  
        <attr name="attr6" format="string" />  
    </declare-styleable>  
  
    <attr name="customViewStyle" format="reference" />  
  
    <attr name="customViewTheme" format="reference" />  
  
</resources>  

styles文件定义如下：

<resources>  
  
    <!-- Base application theme. -->  
    <style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">  
        <!-- Customize your theme here. -->  
        <item name="customViewStyle">@style/custom_view_style</item>  
    </style>  
  
    <style name="custom_view_style">  
        <item name="attr1">attr1 from custom_view_style</item>  
        <item name="attr2">attr2 from custom_view_style</item>  
        <item name="attr3">attr3 from custom_view_style</item>  
        <item name="attr4">attr4 from custom_view_style</item>  
        <item name="attr5">attr5 from custom_view_style</item>  
  
        <item name="android:background">#ffff00ff</item>  
  
    </style>  
  
</resources>  

我们直接在Activity中通过JAVA代码的形式来创建这个View，如下：

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
    new CustomView(this, null, R.attr.customViewStyle);  
}  

非常简单的代码，最后运行的结果如下：

 

 

因为并没有XML文件为控件设置属性，所以拿到的属性都是style中定义的。

 

为了讲解ContextThemeWrapper，我们在attrs.xml中添加一个属性：

<attr name="customViewTheme" format="reference" />  

修改styles文件，添加如下的内容：

<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">  
    <!-- Customize your theme here. -->  
    <item name="customViewStyle">@style/custom_view_style</item>  
  
    <item name="customViewTheme">@style/AppTheme.CustomViewTheme</item>  
</style>  
  
<style name="AppTheme.CustomViewTheme">  
    <item name="customViewStyle">@style/custom_view_style_for_context_theme_wrapper</item>  
</style>  
  
<style name="custom_view_style_for_context_theme_wrapper">  
    <item name="attr1">attr1 from custom_view_style_for_context_theme_wrapper</item>  
    <item name="attr2">attr2 from custom_view_style_for_context_theme_wrapper</item>  
    <item name="attr3">attr3 from custom_view_style_for_context_theme_wrapper</item>  
    <item name="attr4">attr4 from custom_view_style_for_context_theme_wrapper</item>  
    <item name="attr5">attr5 from custom_view_style_for_context_theme_wrapper</item>  
    <item name="attr6">attr6 from custom_view_style_for_context_theme_wrapper</item>  
  
    <item name="android:background">#ffff00ff</item>  
</style>  

style中添加了一个customViewTheme，然后在这个style中重写定义了一个customViewStyle，然后在代码中使用它们：

TypedValue outValue = new TypedValue();  
getTheme().resolveAttribute(R.attr.customViewTheme, outValue, true);  
  
if (outValue.resourceId != 0) {  
    ContextThemeWrapper wrapper = new ContextThemeWrapper(this, outValue.resourceId);  
    new CustomView(wrapper, null, R.attr.customViewStyle);  
}  

看结果：

拿到的数据全是我们刚刚定义的。这是为什么呢？我们从上面的代码分析起。

 

getTheme().resolveAttribute()是从当前主题中拿到R.attr.customViewTheme所对应的那个值，因为在我们的主题中设置了，所以可以拿到值，并且拿到的是一个style的id，即R.style.AppTheme_CustomViewTheme，拿到这个style后构建一个ContextThemeWrapper，传入当前的context和这个style，那么这个ContextThemeWrapper做了什么事呢？这就要回到文章开头提到的那句话了，翻译过来基本上是：用style中的各个属性，去覆盖已有的context中的属性，覆盖之后得到的context就是改变了部分属性后的 context了，然后用这个context去构建View，View中拿到的属性也就是新的值了。