c++ winpcap开发(7)

处理离线转储文件

在这个课程中，我们将学习如何处理数据包捕获到一个文件（转储到文件）。WinPcap提供广泛的功能来将文件的网络流量保存到文件并读取转储的内容 - 本课将介绍如何使用所有这些功能。我们还将了解如何使用WinPcap的内核转储功能来获取高性能转储（注意：由于新内核缓冲区存在一些问题，此功能已禁用）。

转储文件的格式是libpcap格式。该格式包含二进制形式的捕获数据包的数据，是许多网络工具（包括WinDump，Ethereal和Snort）使用的标准。

将数据包保存到转储文件

首先，我们来看看如何用libpcap格式写数据包。

以下示例捕获所选接口的数据包，并将其保存在名称由用户提供的文件中。

#include "pcap.h"

/* prototype of the packet handler */
void packet_handler(u_char *param, const struct pcap_pkthdr *header, const u_char *pkt_data);

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
pcap_if_t *alldevs;
pcap_if_t *d;
int inum;
int i=0;
pcap_t *adhandle;
char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
pcap_dumper_t *dumpfile;


    
    /* Check command line */
    if(argc != 2)
    {
        printf("usage: %s filename", argv[0]);
        return -1;
    }
    
    /* Retrieve the device list on the local machine */
    if (pcap_findalldevs_ex(PCAP_SRC_IF_STRING, NULL, &alldevs, errbuf) == -1)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"Error in pcap_findalldevs: %s\n", errbuf);
        exit(1);
    }
    
    /* Print the list */
    for(d=alldevs; d; d=d->next)
    {
        printf("%d. %s", ++i, d->name);
        if (d->description)
            printf(" (%s)\n", d->description);
        else
            printf(" (No description available)\n");
    }

    if(i==0)
    {
        printf("\nNo interfaces found! Make sure WinPcap is installed.\n");
        return -1;
    }
    
    printf("Enter the interface number (1-%d):",i);
    scanf_s("%d", &inum);
    
    if(inum < 1 || inum > i)
    {
        printf("\nInterface number out of range.\n");
        /* Free the device list */
        pcap_freealldevs(alldevs);
        return -1;
    }
        
    /* Jump to the selected adapter */
    for(d=alldevs, i=0; i< inum-1 ;d=d->next, i++);
    
    
    /* Open the device */
    if ( (adhandle= pcap_open(d->name,          // name of the device
                              65536,            // portion of the packet to capture
                                                // 65536 guarantees that the whole packet will be captured on all the link layers
                              PCAP_OPENFLAG_PROMISCUOUS,    // promiscuous mode
                              1000,             // read timeout
                              NULL,             // authentication on the remote machine
                              errbuf            // error buffer
                              ) ) == NULL)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"\nUnable to open the adapter. %s is not supported by WinPcap\n", d->name);
        /* Free the device list */
        pcap_freealldevs(alldevs);
        return -1;
    }

    /* Open the dump file */
    dumpfile = pcap_dump_open(adhandle, argv[1]);

    if(dumpfile==NULL)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"\nError opening output file\n");
        return -1;
    }
    
    printf("\nlistening on %s... Press Ctrl+C to stop...\n", d->description);
    
    /* At this point, we no longer need the device list. Free it */
    pcap_freealldevs(alldevs);
    
    /* start the capture */
    pcap_loop(adhandle, 0, packet_handler, (unsigned char *)dumpfile);

    return 0;
}

/* Callback function invoked by libpcap for every incoming packet */
void packet_handler(u_char *dumpfile, const struct pcap_pkthdr *header, const u_char *pkt_data)
{
    /* save the packet on the dump file */
    pcap_dump(dumpfile, header, pkt_data);