处理离线转储文件
在这个课程中,我们将学习如何处理数据包捕获到一个文件(转储到文件)。WinPcap提供广泛的功能来将文件的网络流量保存到文件并读取转储的内容 - 本课将介绍如何使用所有这些功能。我们还将了解如何使用WinPcap的内核转储功能来获取高性能转储(注意:由于新内核缓冲区存在一些问题,此功能已禁用)。
转储文件的格式是libpcap格式。该格式包含二进制形式的捕获数据包的数据,是许多网络工具(包括WinDump,Ethereal和Snort)使用的标准。
将数据包保存到转储文件
首先,我们来看看如何用libpcap格式写数据包。
以下示例捕获所选接口的数据包,并将其保存在名称由用户提供的文件中。
#include "pcap.h"
/* prototype of the packet handler */
void packet_handler(u_char *param, const struct pcap_pkthdr *header, const u_char *pkt_data);
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
pcap_if_t *alldevs;
pcap_if_t *d;
int inum;
int i=0;
pcap_t *adhandle;
char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
pcap_dumper_t *dumpfile;
/* Check command line */
if(argc != 2)
{
printf("usage: %s filename", argv[0]);
return -1;
}
/* Retrieve the device list on the local machine */
if (pcap_findalldevs_ex(PCAP_SRC_IF_STRING, NULL, &alldevs, errbuf) == -1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Error in pcap_findalldevs: %s\n", errbuf);
exit(1);
}
/* Print the list */
for(d=alldevs; d; d=d->next)
{
printf("%d. %s", ++i, d->name);
if (d->description)
printf(" (%s)\n", d->description);
else
printf(" (No description available)\n");
}
if(i==0)
{
printf("\nNo interfaces found! Make sure WinPcap is installed.\n");
return -1;
}
printf("Enter the interface number (1-%d):",i);
scanf_s("%d", &inum);
if(inum < 1 || inum > i)
{
printf("\nInterface number out of range.\n");
/* Free the device list */
pcap_freealldevs(alldevs);
return -1;
}
/* Jump to the selected adapter */
for(d=alldevs, i=0; i< inum-1 ;d=d->next, i++);
/* Open the device */
if ( (adhandle= pcap_open(d->name, // name of the device
65536, // portion of the packet to capture
// 65536 guarantees that the whole packet will be captured on all the link layers
PCAP_OPENFLAG_PROMISCUOUS, // promiscuous mode
1000, // read timeout
NULL, // authentication on the remote machine
errbuf // error buffer
) ) == NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr,"\nUnable to open the adapter. %s is not supported by WinPcap\n", d->name);
/* Free the device list */
pcap_freealldevs(alldevs);
return -1;
}
/* Open the dump file */
dumpfile = pcap_dump_open(adhandle, argv[1]);
if(dumpfile==NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr,"\nError opening output file\n");
return -1;
}
printf("\nlistening on %s... Press Ctrl+C to stop...\n", d->description);
/* At this point, we no longer need the device list. Free it */
pcap_freealldevs(alldevs);
/* start the capture */
pcap_loop(adhandle, 0, packet_handler, (unsigned char *)dumpfile);
return 0;
}
/* Callback function invoked by libpcap for every incoming packet */
void packet_handler(u_char *dumpfile, const struct pcap_pkthdr *header, const u_char *pkt_data)
{
/* save the packet on the dump file */
pcap_dump(dumpfile, header, pkt_data);