Hibernate映射组件(对象)、组件集合属性

组件映射

持久化类的属性可能是一个对象，现在又一个Person类，如下:

@Entity
@Table(name = "person_inf")
public class Person_obj {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private int age;

    //Name对象
    private Name name;

    //省略set、get、构造函数
    ...
}

name属性是一个Name对象，查看Name类:

@Embeddable
public class Name {

    @Column(name = "person_firstname")
    private String first;
    @Column(name = "person_lastname")
    private String last;

    @Parent
    private Person_obj owner;

    //省略set、get、构造函数
    ...
}

为了让Name可以做为持久化对象的属性使用，需要使用@Embeddable注解，该注解不需要指定参数。同时需要在该该类中包含一个属性，该属性类型为持久化类，同时要使用@Parent注解。

测试代码:

            session.beginTransaction();
            Person_obj personObj = new Person_obj();
            personObj.setAge(29);
            personObj.setName(new Name("hu", "wenze"));
            session.save(personObj);
            session.getTransaction().commit();

数据库数据:

mysql> select * from person_inf;
+----+-----+------------------+-----------------+
| id | age | person_firstname | person_lastname |
+----+-----+------------------+-----------------+
|  1 |  29 | hu               | wenze           |
|  2 |  29 | hu               | wenze           |
+----+-----+------------------+-----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

可以看到数据表中多了2列，后两列是Name类中的属性。

---

组件集合映射

持久化类的属性可能是一个集合，比如List，并且List的元素是一个对象，这种其实就是集合映射和组件映射的整合。
现在有一个Person类，该类有一个List属性，其元素为Name类型; 有一个Map属性，其键为String，值为Score类型。

Person类:

@Entity
@Table(name = "person_inf")
public class Person_obj_list {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;
    private int age;

    @ElementCollection(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, targetClass = Score.class)
    @CollectionTable(name = "score_inf",
            joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "person_id", nullable = false))
    @MapKeyClass(String.class)
    @MapKeyColumn(name = "class_name")
    @Column(name = "score_val")
    private Map<String, Score> scores = new HashMap<>();

    @ElementCollection(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, targetClass = Name.class)
    @CollectionTable(name = "nick_inf",
            joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "person_id", nullable = false))
    @OrderColumn(name = "list_order")
    private List<Name> nicks = new ArrayList<>();
    //省略set、get、构造函数
    ...
}

Name类:

@Embeddable
public class Name {

    @Column(name = "person_firstname")
    private String first;
    @Column(name = "person_lastname")
    private String last;

    @Parent
    private Person_obj_list owner;
    //省略set、get、构造函数
    ...
}

Score类:

@Embeddable
public class Score {

    @Column(name = "Score_math")
    private double math;
    @Column(name = "Score_science")
    private double science;

    @Parent
    private Person_obj_list owner;
    //省略set、get、构造函数
    ...
}

测试代码:

            session.beginTransaction();
            Person_obj_list personObjList = new Person_obj_list();
            personObjList.setAge(21);
            personObjList.getNicks().add(new Name("hu", "wenze"));
            personObjList.getNicks().add(new Name("hu1", "wenze"));
            personObjList.getNicks().add(new Name("hu", "wenze1"));
            personObjList.getScores().put("key2", new Score(1.5, 2.5));
            personObjList.getScores().put("key1", new Score(3.5, 1.1));
            session.save(personObjList);
            session.getTransaction().commit();

数据库数据:
person_inf表

mysql> select * from person_inf;
+----+-----+
| id | age |
+----+-----+
|  1 |  21 |
+----+-----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

持久化类的List属性对应nick_inf:

mysql> select * from nick_inf;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------+------------+
| person_id | person_firstname | person_lastname | list_order |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------+------------+
|         1 | hu               | wenze           |          0 |
|         1 | hu1              | wenze           |          1 |
|         1 | hu               | wenze1          |          2 |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

持久化类的Map属性对应score_inf表:

mysql> select * from score_inf;
+-----------+------------+---------------+------------+
| person_id | Score_math | Score_science | class_name |
+-----------+------------+---------------+------------+
|         1 |        3.5 |           1.1 | key1       |
|         1 |        1.5 |           2.5 | key2       |
+-----------+------------+---------------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

可以看到，组件集合属性映射就是组件映射+集合映射，理解好组件映射和集合映射后，很容易理解这种情况。