Android中如何获取视频文件的缩略图

在android中获取视频文件的缩略图有三种方法：

1.从媒体库中查询

2. android 2.2以后使用ThumbnailUtils类获取

3.调用jni文件，实现MediaMetadataRetriever类

三种方法各有利弊

第一种方法，新视频增加后需要SDCard重新扫描才能给新增加的文件添加缩略图，灵活性差，而且不是很稳定，适合简单应用

第二种方法，实现简单，但2.2以前的版本不支持

第三种方法，实现复杂，但比较灵活，推荐使用

下面给出三种方法的Demo

1.第一种方法：

public static Bitmap getVideoThumbnail(ContentResolver cr, String fileName) {
Bitmap bitmap = null;
BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inDither = false;
options.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;
//select condition.
String whereClause = MediaStore.Video.Media.DATA + ” = ‘”
+ fileName + “‘”;
Log.v(TAG, “where = ” + whereClause);
//colection of results.
Cursor cursor = cr.query(MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,
new String[] { MediaStore.Video.Media._ID }, whereClause,
null, null);
Log.v(TAG, “cursor = ” + cursor);
if (cursor == null || cursor.getCount() == 0) {
return null;
}
cursor.moveToFirst();
//image id in image table.
String videoId = cursor.getString(cursor
.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Video.Media._ID));
Log.v(TAG, “videoId = ” + videoId);
if (videoId == null) {
return null;
}
cursor.close();
long videoIdLong = Long.parseLong(videoId);
//via imageid get the bimap type thumbnail in thumbnail table.
bitmap = MediaStore.Video.Thumbnails.getThumbnail(cr, videoIdLong,
Images.Thumbnails.MICRO_KIND, options);
Log.v(TAG, “bitmap = ” + bitmap);
return bitmap;
}
2. 第二种方法：

通过ThumbnailUtils的三种静态方法。

1. static Bitmap createVideoThumbnail(String filePath, int kind) //获取视频文件的缩略图，第一个参数为视频文件的位置，比如/sdcard/android123.3gp，而第二个参数可以为MINI_KIND或 MICRO_KIND最终和分辨率有关
2. static Bitmap extractThumbnail(Bitmap source, int width, int height, int options) //直接对Bitmap进行缩略操作，最后一个参数定义为OPTIONS_RECYCLE_INPUT ，来回收资源
3. static Bitmap extractThumbnail(Bitmap source, int width, int height) // 这个和上面的方法一样，无options选项

 

 

/**
    * 获取视频缩略图
    * @param videoPath
    * @param width
    * @param height
    * @param kind
    * @return
    */
   private Bitmap getVideoThumbnail(String videoPath, int width , int height, int kind){
    Bitmap bitmap = null;
    bitmap = ThumbnailUtils.createVideoThumbnail(videoPath, kind);
    bitmap = ThumbnailUtils.extractThumbnail(bitmap, width, height, ThumbnailUtils.OPTIONS_RECYCLE_INPUT);
    return bitmap;
   }

 

 /**
     * 图片
     * @param context
     * @param cr
     * @param Imagepath
     * @return
     */
    public static Bitmap getImageThumbnail(Context context, ContentResolver cr, String Imagepath) {
            ContentResolver testcr = context.getContentResolver();
            String[] projection = { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA, MediaStore.Images.Media._ID, };
            String whereClause = MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA + " = '" + Imagepath + "'";
            Cursor cursor = testcr.query(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, projection, whereClause,
                            null, null);
            int _id = 0;
            String imagePath = "";
            if (cursor == null || cursor.getCount() == 0) {
                    return null;
            }
            if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {

                    int _idColumn = cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.Media._ID);
                    int _dataColumn = cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);

                    do {
                            _id = cursor.getInt(_idColumn);
                            imagePath = cursor.getString(_dataColumn);
                    } while (cursor.moveToNext());
            }
            cursor.close();
            BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
            options.inDither = false;
            options.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.RGB_565;
            Bitmap bitmap = MediaStore.Images.Thumbnails.getThumbnail(cr, _id, Images.Thumbnails.MINI_KIND,
                            options);
            return bitmap;
    }

 

 

 

3. 第三种方法：

MediaMetadataRetriever是android中隐藏的一个类，开发者无法调用，只能实现一个相同的类来完成相关功能。

一种方式是修改android源码，将frameworks  MediaMetadataRetriever.java中@hide标签去掉,在current.xml中添加MediaMetadataRetriever到可用.重新编译frameworks,应用就可以调用到MediaMetadataRetriever这个类了…这样是不适合应用开发的。

推荐的方法是实现MediaMetadataRetriever类

第一步:首先需要下载JNI库：libmedia_jni.so

进入SDK的Tools目录下，运行DDMS，
在DDMS中的菜单栏中，执行Device–FileExplore,
在弹出的文件列表中选择: System-Lib-libmedia_jni.so
选中这个文件后， 在弹出的文件列表的又上脚执行PULL file from device,提取出libmedia_jni.so文件
在Eclipse中新建文件夹libs-armeabi-,在里面放入libmedia_jni.so文件

第二部：实现MediaMetadataRetriever

public class MediaMetadataRetriever
{
static {
System.loadLibrary(“media_jni”);
native_init();
}
// The field below is accessed by native methods
@SuppressWarnings(“unused”)
private int mNativeContext;
public MediaMetadataRetriever() {
native_setup();
}
/**
* Call this method before setDataSource() so that the mode becomes
* effective for subsequent operations. This method can be called only once
* at the beginning if the intended mode of operation for a
* MediaMetadataRetriever object remains the same for its whole lifetime,
* and thus it is unnecessary to call this method each time setDataSource()
* is called. If this is not never called (which is allowed), by default the
* intended mode of operation is to both capture frame and retrieve meta
* data (i.e., MODE_GET_METADATA_ONLY | MODE_CAPTURE_FRAME_ONLY).
* Often, this may not be what one wants, since doing this has negative
* performance impact on execution time of a call to setDataSource(), since
* both types of operations may be time consuming.
*
* @param mode The intended mode of operation. Can be any combination of
* MODE_GET_METADATA_ONLY and MODE_CAPTURE_FRAME_ONLY:
* 1. MODE_GET_METADATA_ONLY & MODE_CAPTURE_FRAME_ONLY:
*    For neither frame capture nor meta data retrieval
* 2. MODE_GET_METADATA_ONLY: For meta data retrieval only
* 3. MODE_CAPTURE_FRAME_ONLY: For frame capture only
* 4. MODE_GET_METADATA_ONLY | MODE_CAPTURE_FRAME_ONLY:
*    For both frame capture and meta data retrieval
*/
public native void setMode(int mode);
/**
* @return the current mode of operation. A negative return value indicates
* some runtime error has occurred.
*/
public native int getMode();
/**
* Sets the data source (file pathname) to use. Call this
* method before the rest of the methods in this class. This method may be
* time-consuming.
*
* @param path The path of the input media file.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException If the path is invalid.
*/
public native void setDataSource(String path) throws IllegalArgumentException;
/**
* Sets the data source (FileDescriptor) to use.  It is the caller’s
* responsibility to close the file descriptor. It is safe to do so as soon
* as this call returns. Call this method before the rest of the methods in
* this class. This method may be time-consuming.
*
* @param fd the FileDescriptor for the file you want to play
* @param offset the offset into the file where the data to be played starts,
* in bytes. It must be non-negative
* @param length the length in bytes of the data to be played. It must be
* non-negative.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the arguments are invalid
*/
public native void setDataSource(FileDescriptor fd, long offset, long length)
throws IllegalArgumentException;
/**
* Sets the data source (FileDescriptor) to use. It is the caller’s
* responsibility to close the file descriptor. It is safe to do so as soon
* as this call returns. Call this method before the rest of the methods in
* this class. This method may be time-consuming.
*
* @param fd the FileDescriptor for the file you want to play
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the FileDescriptor is invalid
*/
public void setDataSource(FileDescriptor fd)
throws IllegalArgumentException {
// intentionally less than LONG_MAX
setDataSource(fd, 0, 0x7ffffffffffffffL);
}
/**
* Sets the data source as a content Uri. Call this method before
* the rest of the methods in this class. This method may be time-consuming.
*
* @param context the Context to use when resolving the Uri
* @param uri the Content URI of the data you want to play
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the Uri is invalid
* @throws SecurityException if the Uri cannot be used due to lack of
* permission.
*/
public void setDataSource(Context context, Uri uri)
throws IllegalArgumentException, SecurityException {
if (uri == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
String scheme = uri.getScheme();
if(scheme == null || scheme.equals(“file”)) {
setDataSource(uri.getPath());
return;
}
AssetFileDescriptor fd = null;
try {
ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();
try {
fd = resolver.openAssetFileDescriptor(uri, “r”);
} catch(FileNotFoundException e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
if (fd == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
FileDescriptor descriptor = fd.getFileDescriptor();
if (!descriptor.valid()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
// Note: using getDeclaredLength so that our behavior is the same
// as previous versions when the content provider is returning
// a full file.
if (fd.getDeclaredLength() < 0) {
setDataSource(descriptor);
} else {
setDataSource(descriptor, fd.getStartOffset(), fd.getDeclaredLength());
}
return;
} catch (SecurityException ex) {
} finally {
try {
if (fd != null) {
fd.close();
}
} catch(IOException ioEx) {
}
}
setDataSource(uri.toString());
}
/**
* Call this method after setDataSource(). This method retrieves the
* meta data value associated with the keyCode.
*
* The keyCode currently supported is listed below as METADATA_XXX
* constants. With any other value, it returns a null pointer.
*
* @param keyCode One of the constants listed below at the end of the class.
* @return The meta data value associate with the given keyCode on success;
* null on failure.
*/
public native String extractMetadata(int keyCode);
/**
* Call this method after setDataSource(). This method finds a
* representative frame if successful and returns it as a bitmap. This is
* useful for generating a thumbnail for an input media source.
*
* @return A Bitmap containing a representative video frame, which
*         can be null, if such a frame cannot be retrieved.
*/
public native Bitmap captureFrame();
/**
* Call this method after setDataSource(). This method finds the optional
* graphic or album art associated (embedded or external url linked) the
* related data source.
*
* @return null if no such graphic is found.
*/
public native byte[] extractAlbumArt();
/**
* Call it when one is done with the object. This method releases the memory
* allocated internally.
*/
public native void release();
private native void native_setup();
private static native void native_init();
private native final void native_finalize();
@Override
protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
try {
native_finalize();
} finally {
super.finalize();
}
}
public static final int MODE_GET_METADATA_ONLY  = 0×01;
public static final int MODE_CAPTURE_FRAME_ONLY = 0×02;
/*
* Do not change these values without updating their counterparts
* in include/media/mediametadataretriever.h!
*/
public static final int METADATA_KEY_CD_TRACK_NUMBER = 0;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_ALBUM           = 1;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_ARTIST          = 2;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_AUTHOR          = 3;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_COMPOSER        = 4;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_DATE            = 5;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_GENRE           = 6;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_TITLE           = 7;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_YEAR            = 8;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_DURATION        = 9;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_NUM_TRACKS      = 10;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_IS_DRM_CRIPPLED = 11;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_CODEC           = 12;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_RATING          = 13;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_COMMENT         = 14;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_COPYRIGHT       = 15;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_BIT_RATE        = 16;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_FRAME_RATE      = 17;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_VIDEO_FORMAT    = 18;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_VIDEO_HEIGHT    = 19;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_VIDEO_WIDTH     = 20;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_WRITER          = 21;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_MIMETYPE        = 22;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_DISCNUMBER      = 23;
public static final int METADATA_KEY_ALBUMARTIST     = 24;
// Add more here…
}