Spring Security 之 使用数据库完成用户登录（二）
一、Spring Security使用数据库认证介绍
在Spring Security中如果想要使用数据进行认证操作，可以使用UserDetails、UserDetailsService来完成操作
UserDetails是一个接口，我们可以认为UserDetails作用是于封装当前进行认证的用户信息，但由于其是一个接口，所以我们可以对其进行实现，也可以使用Spring Security提供的一个UserDetails的实现类User来完成操作。
- UserDetails原码
public interface UserDetails extends Serializable {
Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities();
String getPassword();
String getUsername();
boolean isAccountNonExpired();
boolean isAccountNonLocked();
boolean isCredentialsNonExpired();
boolean isEnabled();
}
- User原码
public class User implements UserDetails, CredentialsContainer {
private String password;
private final String username;
private final Set<GrantedAuthority> authorities;
private final boolean accountNonExpired; //帐户是否过期
private final boolean accountNonLocked; //帐户是否锁定
private final boolean credentialsNonExpired; //认证是否过期
private final boolean enabled; //帐户是否可用
｝
- UserDetailsService原码
public interface UserDetailsService {
UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException;
}
二、Spring Security使用数据库认证流程分析
-
输入用户名和密码后，访问
login.do
-
通过
spring-security.xml找到UserServiceImpl类中的loadUserByUsername(String username)方法
3.loadUserByUsername(String username)方法再调用IUserDao类中的findByUsername(String username)返回UserInfo的值
-
再回到
UserServiceImpl类中的loadUserByUsername(String username)方法，userInfo再通过UserDetails类中的User类中方法赋值给UserDetails
-
我们就可以
UserServiceImpl类的loadUserByUsername(String username)方法中创建一个User对象，用它来封装我们自己的用户成UserDetails，User()里面写上用户名、密码、是否可用和认证List集合
-
User()里面的认证List集合类型必须是这个GrantedAuthority类型或者是它的子类型
- 在
GrantedAuthority这个接口中，刚好有getAuthority()这个方法
- 在
GrantedAuthority这个接口有一个子类SimpleGrantedAuthority，在构造函数中可以直接传递一个role属性
- 所以我们在
UserServiceImpl类的getAuthority(List<Role> roles)方法的返回类型就是SimpleGrantedAuthority，并且方法中用一个for循环用于获取role信息
- 所以我们在
UserServiceImpl类的loadUserByUsername(String username)方法实现new User()方法
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
UserInfo userInfo = null;
try {
userInfo = userDao.findByUsername(username);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//处理自己的用户对象封装成UserDetails
User user = new User(userInfo.getUsername(), "{noop}" + userInfo.getUsersPASSWORD(),
userInfo.getUsersSTATUS() == 0 ? false : true, true,
true, true, getAuthority(userInfo.getRoles()));
return user;
}
- 注销功能，在Spring-Security写上以下代码
<!-- 退出 -->
<security:logout invalidate-session="true" logout-url="/logout.do" logout-success-url="/login.jsp" />
三、Spring Security使用数据库认证代码实现
- 导入jar依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.hzxy</groupId>
<artifactId>spring_security</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>spring_security Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<spring.security.version>5.0.1.RELEASE</spring.security.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
<version>${spring.security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
- web.xml
定义Spring Security所使用的filter和spring-security.xml配置文件的路径
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<!-- 配置加载类路径的配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml,classpath*:spring-security.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 配置监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 前端控制器（加载classpath:springmvc.xml 服务器启动创建servlet） -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 配置初始化参数，创建完DispatcherServlet对象，加载springmvc.xml配置文件 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 服务器启动的时候，让DispatcherServlet对象创建 -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 解决中文乱码过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
- 配置文件
1.配置不拦截的资源
2.配置能够访问资源的角色
3.定义跳转的具体的页面
4.设置userService，让UserDetailsService可以成功找到实现类，userService是我们自己在service中定义的名字
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd">
<!-- 配置不拦截的资源 -->
<security:http pattern="/login.jsp" security="none"/>
<security:http pattern="/failer.jsp" security="none"/>
<security:http pattern="/css/**" security="none"/>
<security:http pattern="/img/**" security="none"/>
<security:http pattern="/plugins/**" security="none"/>
<!--
配置具体的规则
auto-config="true" 不用自己编写登录的页面，框架提供默认登录页面
use-expressions="false" 是否使用SPEL表达式
-->
<security:http auto-config="true" use-expressions="false">
<!-- 配置具体的拦截的规则 pattern="请求路径的规则" access="访问系统的人，必须有ROLE_USER的角色" -->
<security:intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER,ROLE_ADMIN"/>
<!-- 定义跳转的具体的页面 -->
<security:form-login
login-page="/login.jsp" <!--登陆页面-->
login-processing-url="/login.do" <!--请求路径-->
default-target-url="/index.jsp"
authentication-failure-url="/failer.jsp"
authentication-success-forward-url="/pages/main.jsp"
/>
<!-- 关闭跨域请求 -->
<security:csrf disabled="true"/>
<!-- 退出 -->
<security:logout invalidate-session="true" logout-url="/logout.do" logout-success-url="/login.jsp" />
</security:http>
<!-- 切换成数据库中的用户名和密码 -->
<security:authentication-manager>
<security:authentication-provider user-service-ref="userService">
<!-- 配置加密的方式
<security:password-encoder ref="passwordEncoder"/>-->
</security:authentication-provider>
</security:authentication-manager>
<!-- 配置加密类 -->
<bean id="passwordEncoder" class="org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder"/>
</beans>
- domain模块
package com.hzxy.domain;
import java.util.List;
//与数据库中users对应
public class UserInfo {
private String id;
private String username;
private String email;
private String usersPASSWORD;
private String phoneNum;
private int usersSTATUS;
private String statusStr;
private List<Role> roles;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getUsersPASSWORD() {
return usersPASSWORD;
}
public void setUsersPASSWORD(String usersPASSWORD) {
this.usersPASSWORD = usersPASSWORD;
}
public int getUsersSTATUS() {
return usersSTATUS;
}
public void setUsersSTATUS(int usersSTATUS) {
this.usersSTATUS = usersSTATUS;
}
public String getPhoneNum() {
return phoneNum;
}
public void setPhoneNum(String phoneNum) {
this.phoneNum = phoneNum;
}
public String getStatusStr() {
//状态0 未开启 1 开启
if (usersSTATUS == 0) {
statusStr = "未开启";
} else if (usersSTATUS == 1) {
statusStr = "开启";
}
return statusStr;
}
public void setStatusStr(String statusStr) {
this.statusStr = statusStr;
}
public List<Role> getRoles() {
return roles;
}
public void setRoles(List<Role> roles) {
this.roles = roles;
}
}
package com.hzxy.domain;
import java.util.List;
public class Role {
private String id;
private String roleName;
private String roleDesc;
private List<Permission> permissions;
private List<UserInfo> users;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getRoleName() {
return roleName;
}
public void setRoleName(String roleName) {
this.roleName = roleName;
}
public String getRoleDesc() {
return roleDesc;
}
public void setRoleDesc(String roleDesc) {
this.roleDesc = roleDesc;
}
public List<Permission> getPermissions() {
return permissions;
}
public void setPermissions(List<Permission> permissions) {
this.permissions = permissions;
}
public List<UserInfo> getUsers() {
return users;
}
public void setUsers(List<UserInfo> users) {
this.users = users;
}
}
- dao模块
package com.hzxy.dao;
import com.hzxy.domain.UserInfo;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Many;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Result;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Results;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
public interface IUserDao {
@Select("select * from users where username=#{username}")
@Results({
@Result(id = true, property = "id", column = "id"),
@Result(property = "username", column = "username"),
@Result(property = "email", column = "email"),
@Result(property = "usersPASSWORD", column = "usersPASSWORD"),
@Result(property = "phoneNum", column = "phoneNum"),
@Result(property = "usersSTATUS", column = "usersSTATUS"),
@Result(property = "roles",column = "id",javaType = java.util.List.class,
many = @Many(select = "com.hzxy.dao.IRoleDao.findRoleByUserId"))
})
public UserInfo findByUsername(String username) throws Exception;
}
package com.hzxy.dao;
import com.hzxy.domain.Role;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import java.util.List;
public interface IRoleDao {
//根据用户id查询出所有对应的角色
@Select("select * from role where id in (select roleId from users_role where userId=#{userId})")
public List<Role> findRoleByUserId(String userId) throws Exception;
}
- service模块
package com.hzxy.service;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
public interface IUserService extends UserDetailsService {
}
package com.hzxy.service.impl;
import com.hzxy.dao.IUserDao;
import com.hzxy.domain.Role;
import com.hzxy.domain.UserInfo;
import com.hzxy.service.IUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Service("userService")
@Transactional
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {
@Autowired
private IUserDao userDao;
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
UserInfo userInfo = null;
try {
userInfo = userDao.findByUsername(username);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//处理自己的用户对象封装成UserDetails
User user = new User(userInfo.getUsername(), "{noop}" + userInfo.getUsersPASSWORD(),
userInfo.getUsersSTATUS() == 0 ? false : true, true,
true, true, getAuthority(userInfo.getRoles()));
return user;
}
//作用就是返回一个List集合，集合中装入的是角色描述
public List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> getAuthority(List<Role> roles) {
List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> list = new ArrayList<SimpleGrantedAuthority>();
for (Role role : roles) {
list.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_" + role.getRoleName()));
}
return list;
}
}
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