第六章 案例一:配置IP地址并验证连通性

1.实验环境

主机 A和主机 B通过一根网线相连，如图6.13 所示

2.需求描述

为两台主机配置P地址，验证IP地址是否生效:验证同一网段的两台主机可以互通，不同网段的主机不能直接互通。

3.推荐步骤

1. 为两台主机配置IP地址，主机A为10.0.10.10，主机B为10.0.11.11:配置子网掩码均为 255.255.0.0。
2. 通过 ipconfig 命令验证主机IP 是否生效。
3. 通过 ping 命令验证两台主机是否互通。
4. 将子网掩码都改为 255.255.255.0，并重复步骤2、步骤3

4.实验步骤   

4.1 配置IP地址和子网掩码

主机B同上步骤设置IP地址和子网掩码。

4.2 使用config命令验证主机IP

C:\>ipconfig /all

FastEthernet0 Connection:(default port)

   Connection-specific DNS Suffix..: 
   Physical Address................: 0007.ECB8.3508
   Link-local IPv6 Address.........: FE80::207:ECFF:FEB8:3508
   IP Address......................: 10.0.10.10
   Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.0.0
   Default Gateway.................: 0.0.0.0
   DNS Servers.....................: 0.0.0.0
   DHCP Servers....................: 0.0.0.0
   DHCPv6 Client DUID..............: 00-01-00-01-D0-E7-2E-4C-00-07-EC-B8-35-08

Bluetooth Connection:

   Connection-specific DNS Suffix..: 
   Physical Address................: 0006.2A18.8A43
   Link-local IPv6 Address.........: ::
   IP Address......................: 0.0.0.0
   Subnet Mask.....................: 0.0.0.0
   Default Gateway.................: 0.0.0.0
   DNS Servers.....................: 0.0.0.0
   DHCP Servers....................: 0.0.0.0
   DHCPv6 Client DUID..............: 00-01-00-01-D0-E7-2E-4C-00-07-EC-B8-35-08

4.3 使用ping命令验证是否相通

C:\>ping 10.0.11.11

Pinging 10.0.11.11 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 10.0.11.11: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128
Reply from 10.0.11.11: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 10.0.11.11: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 10.0.11.11: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128    //访问成功

Ping statistics for 10.0.11.11:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms

4.4 更改子网掩码

主机B同上步骤更改子网掩码，并重复步骤2和步骤3。

4.4.1 使用config命令验证

C:\>ipconfig /all

FastEthernet0 Connection:(default port)

   Connection-specific DNS Suffix..: 
   Physical Address................: 0007.ECB8.3508
   Link-local IPv6 Address.........: FE80::207:ECFF:FEB8:3508
   IP Address......................: 10.0.10.10
   Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0
   Default Gateway.................: 0.0.0.0
   DNS Servers.....................: 0.0.0.0
   DHCP Servers....................: 0.0.0.0
   DHCPv6 Client DUID..............: 00-01-00-01-D0-E7-2E-4C-00-07-EC-B8-35-08

Bluetooth Connection:

   Connection-specific DNS Suffix..: 
   Physical Address................: 0006.2A18.8A43
   Link-local IPv6 Address.........: ::
   IP Address......................: 0.0.0.0
   Subnet Mask.....................: 0.0.0.0
   Default Gateway.................: 0.0.0.0
   DNS Servers.....................: 0.0.0.0
   DHCP Servers....................: 0.0.0.0
   DHCPv6 Client DUID..............: 00-01-00-01-D0-E7-2E-4C-00-07-EC-B8-35-08

4.4.2 使用ping命令验证

C:\>ping 10.0.11.11

Pinging 10.0.11.11 with 32 bytes of data:

Request timed out.   
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.   //超时，无法访问

Ping statistics for 10.0.11.11:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss),

至此实验结束。