在网上找了好几个版本，用着都不顺利，综合前人知识，在这里记录一下自己实验成功的版本。
1.首先安装wireshark软件，这个用过的人都知道它的强大之处
2.查看安装路径下是否存在init.lua，确保disable_lua = false
3.在init.lua的最后加上dofile(DATA_DIR.."rtp_h264_extractor.lua")
4.把rtp_h264_extractor.lua这个文件放在init.lua同一个路径下
5.用wireshark抓取H264视频码流，最好过滤掉其他码流
6.右键点击H264的udp包，选择"Decode as..."，再选择Transport中的rtp选项，就解析成rtp包了
7.查看rtp包的payload type，比如说type是96，那么在wireshark工具栏选择Edit->preferences->protocols->H264, 把H264 dynamic payload types设成96
8.现在就可以选择点击tools下的"Extract h264 stream from RTP"菜单项
9.这样就可以生成dump.264，一般会放在与码流文件同一个路径下，由于环境变量的不同，也可能放在其他路径下
10.该文件rtp_h264_extractor.lua目前已经支持了排序，FU-A，STAP-A等常见的rtp h264打包方式
抓取一个包含H.264 Payload RTP包的SIP会话或RTSP会话后，用Wireshark的Play功能只能播放声音，不能播放视频。把RTP payload直接导出成文件后也是不能直接播放的，因为H.264 over RTP封包是符合RFC3984规范的，必须按照该规范把H.264数据取出来后，组成NALU，放到avi/mp4或裸码流文件等容器里后才能播放。
有牛人写了一个wireshark插件，可以在打开包含H.264码流的抓包后，选菜单“Tools->Export H264 to file [HQX's plugins]”后，把抓包文件里的H.264码流自动导出到抓包文件所在目录（工作目录）里，名为from_<RTP流源ip>_<RTP流源端口>_to_<RTP流目的ip>_<RTP流目的端口>.264的264裸码流文件里。（文件格式为每个NALU前加0x00000001分隔符）。
本程序可以识别RFC3984里提到的三种H.264 over RTP封装，分别是Single NALU（一个RTP含一个NALU）、STAP-A（一个RTP包含多个NALU）、FU-A（一个NALU分布到多个RTP包）三种封装格式，且会自动把SPS和PPS放到裸码流文件头部。
自己测试可用的脚本如下
-- Dump RTP h.264 payload to raw h.264 file (*.264)
-- According to RFC3984 to dissector H264 payload of RTP to NALU, and write it
-- to from<sourceIp_sourcePort>to<dstIp_dstPort>.264 file. By now, we support single NALU,
-- STAP-A and FU-A format RTP payload for H.264.
-- You can access this feature by menu "Tools->Export H264 to file [HQX's plugins]"
-- Author: Huang Qiangxiong (qiangxiong.huang@gmail.com)
-- change log:
-- 2012-03-13
-- Just can play
-- 2012-04-28
-- Add local to local function, and add [local bit = require("bit")] to prevent
-- bit recleared in previous file.
-- 2013-07-11
-- Add sort RTP and drop uncompleted frame option.
-- 2013-07-19
-- Do nothing when tap is triggered other than button event.
-- Add check for first or last packs lost of one frame.
-- 2014-10-23
-- Fixed bug about print a frame.nalu_type error.
-- 2014-11-07
-- Add support for Lua 5.2(>1.10.1) and 5.1(<=1.10.1).
-- Change range:string() to range:raw().
-- Change h264_f.value to h264_f.range:bytes() because of wireshark lua bug.
-- 2015-06-03
-- Fixed bug that if ipv6 address is using the file will not generated.(we replace ':' to '.')
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
do
--local bit = require("bit") -- only work before 1.10.1
--local bit = require("bit32") -- only work after 1.10.1 (only support in Lua 5.2)
local version_str = string.match(_VERSION, "%d+[.]%d*")
local version_num = version_str and tonumber(version_str) or 5.1
local bit = (version_num >= 5.2) and require("bit32") or require("bit")
-- for geting h264 data (the field's value is type of ByteArray)
local f_h264 = Field.new("h264")
local f_rtp = Field.new("rtp")
local f_rtp_seq = Field.new("rtp.seq")
local f_rtp_timestamp = Field.new("rtp.timestamp")
local nalu_type_list = {
[0] = "Unspecified",
[1] = "P/B_slice",
[2] = "P/B_A",
[3] = "P/B_B",
[4] = "P/B_C",
[5] = "I_slice",
[6] = "SEI",
[7] = "SPS",
[8] = "PPS",
[9] = "AUD",
}
local function get_enum_name(list, index)
local value = list[index]
return value and value or "Unknown"
end
-- menu action. When you click "Tools->Export H264 to file [HQX's plugins]" will run this function
local function export_h264_to_file()
-- window for showing information
local tw = TextWindow.new("Export H264 to File Info Win")
--local pgtw = ProgDlg.new("Export H264 to File Process", "Dumping H264 data to file...")
local pgtw;
-- add message to information window
function twappend(str)
tw:append(str)
tw:append("\n")
end
-- running first time for counting and finding sps+pps, second time for real saving
local first_run = true
-- variable for storing rtp stream and dumping parameters
local stream_infos = nil
-- drop_uncompleted_frame
local drop_uncompleted_frame = false
-- max frame buffer size
local MAX_FRAME_NUM = 3
-- trigered by all h264 packats
local my_h264_tap = Listener.new(tap, "h264")
-- get rtp stream info by src and dst address
function get_stream_info(pinfo)
local key = "from_" .. tostring(pinfo.src) .. "_" .. tostring(pinfo.src_port) .. "to" .. tostring(pinfo.dst) .. "_" .. tostring(pinfo.dst_port) .. (drop_uncompleted_frame and "_dropped" or "_all")
key = key:gsub(":", ".")
local stream_info = stream_infos[key]
if not stream_info then -- if not exists, create one
stream_info = { }
stream_info.filename = key.. ".264"
stream_info.file = io.open(stream_info.filename, "wb")
stream_info.counter = 0 -- counting h264 total NALUs
stream_info.counter2 = 0 -- for second time running
stream_infos[key] = stream_info
twappend("Ready to export H.264 data (RTP from " .. tostring(pinfo.src) .. ":" .. tostring(pinfo.src_port)
.. " to " .. tostring(pinfo.dst) .. ":" .. tostring(pinfo.dst_port) .. " to file:\n [" .. stream_info.filename .. "] ...\n")
end
return stream_info
end
-- write a NALU or part of NALU to file.
local function real_write_to_file(stream_info, str_bytes, begin_with_nalu_hdr)
if first_run then
stream_info.counter = stream_info.counter + 1
if begin_with_nalu_hdr then
-- save SPS or PPS
local nalu_type = bit.band(str_bytes:byte(0,1), 0x1F)
if not stream_info.sps and nalu_type == 7 then
stream_info.sps = str_bytes
elseif not stream_info.pps and nalu_type == 8 then
stream_info.pps = str_bytes
end
end
else -- second time running
--[[
if begin_with_nalu_hdr then
-- drop AUD
local nalu_type = bit.band(str_bytes:byte(0,1), 0x1F)
if nalu_type == 9 then
return;
end
end
]]
if stream_info.counter2 == 0 then
-- write SPS and PPS to file header first
if stream_info.sps then
stream_info.file:write("\00\00\00\01")
stream_info.file:write(stream_info.sps)
else
twappend("Not found SPS for [" .. stream_info.filename .. "], it might not be played!\n")
end
if stream_info.pps then
stream_info.file:write("\00\00\00\01")
stream_info.file:write(stream_info.pps)
else
twappend("Not found PPS for [" .. stream_info.filename .. "], it might not be played!\n")
end
end
if begin_with_nalu_hdr then
-- *.264 raw file format seams that every nalu start with 0x00000001
stream_info.file:write("\00\00\00\01")
end
stream_info.file:write(str_bytes)
stream_info.counter2 = stream_info.counter2 + 1
-- update progress window's progress bar
if stream_info.counter > 0 and stream_info.counter2 < stream_info.counter then pgtw:update(stream_info.counter2 / stream_info.counter) end
end
end
local function comp_pack(p1, p2)
if math.abs(p2.seq - p1.seq) < 1000 then
return p1.seq < p2.seq
else -- seqeunce is over 2^16, so the small one is much big
return p1.seq > p2.seq
end
end
local function print_seq_error(stream_info, str)
if stream_info.seq_error_counter == nil then
stream_info.seq_error_counter = 0
end
stream_info.seq_error_counter = stream_info.seq_error_counter + 1
twappend(str .. " SeqErrCounts=" .. stream_info.seq_error_counter)
end
local function sort_and_write(stream_info, frame)
table.sort(frame.packs, comp_pack)
-- check if it is uncompleted frame
local completed = true
for i = 1, #frame.packs - 1, 1 do
local seq1 = frame.packs[i].seq
local seq2 = frame.packs[i+1].seq
if bit.band(seq1+1, 0xFFFF) ~= seq2 then
print_seq_error(stream_info, " RTP pack Lost: timestamp=" .. frame.timestamp .. " seq between " .. seq1 .. " and " .. seq2)
completed = false
end
end
if not frame.packs[1].nalu_begin then
print_seq_error(stream_info, " RTP pack Lost: timestamp=" .. frame.timestamp .. " seq before " .. frame.packs[1].seq)
completed = false
end
if not frame.packs[#frame.packs].nalu_end then
print_seq_error(stream_info, " RTP pack Lost: timestamp=" .. frame.timestamp .. " seq after " .. frame.packs[#frame.packs].seq)
completed = false
end
if completed then
for i = 1, #frame.packs, 1 do
real_write_to_file(stream_info, frame.packs[i].data, frame.packs[i].nalu_begin)
end
else
twappend(" We drop one uncompleted frame: rtp.timestamp=" .. frame.timestamp
.. " nalu_type=" .. (frame.nalu_type and frame.nalu_type .."(" .. get_enum_name(nalu_type_list, frame.nalu_type) .. ")" or "unknown") )
end
end
local function write_to_file(stream_info, str_bytes, begin_with_nalu_hdr, timestamp, seq, end_of_nalu)
if drop_uncompleted_frame and not first_run then -- sort and drop uncompleted frame
if stream_info.frame_buffer_size == nil then
stream_info.frame_buffer_size = 0
end
if timestamp < 0 or seq < 0 then
twappend(" Invalid rtp timestamp (".. timestamp .. ") or seq (".. seq .. ")! We have to write it to file directly!")
real_write_to_file(stream_info, str_bytes, begin_with_nalu_hdr)
return;
end
-- check if this frame has existed
local p = stream_info.frame_buffer
while p do
if p.timestamp == timestamp then
break;
else
p = p.next
end
end
if p then -- add this pack to frame
if begin_with_nalu_hdr then
p.nalu_type = bit.band(str_bytes:byte(1), 0x1F)
end
table.insert(p.packs, { ["seq"] = seq, ["data"] = str_bytes , ["nalu_begin"] = begin_with_nalu_hdr, ["nalu_end"] = end_of_nalu })
return
end
if stream_info.frame_buffer_size >= MAX_FRAME_NUM then
-- write the most early frame to file
sort_and_write(stream_info, stream_info.frame_buffer)
stream_info.frame_buffer = stream_info.frame_buffer.next
stream_info.frame_buffer_size = stream_info.frame_buffer_size - 1
end
-- create a new frame buffer for new frame (timestamp)
local frame = {}
frame.timestamp = timestamp
if begin_with_nalu_hdr then
frame.nalu_type = bit.band(str_bytes:byte(1), 0x1F)
end
frame.packs = {{ ["seq"] = seq, ["data"] = str_bytes, ["nalu_begin"] = begin_with_nalu_hdr, ["nalu_end"] = end_of_nalu}} -- put pack to index 1 pos
frame.next = nil
if stream_info.frame_buffer_size == 0 then -- first frame
stream_info.frame_buffer = frame
else
p = stream_info.frame_buffer
while p.next do
p = p.next
end
p.next = frame
end
stream_info.frame_buffer_size = stream_info.frame_buffer_size + 1
else -- write data direct to file without sort or frame drop
real_write_to_file(stream_info, str_bytes, begin_with_nalu_hdr)
end
end
-- read RFC3984 about single nalu/stap-a/fu-a H264 payload format of rtp
-- single NALU: one rtp payload contains only NALU
local function process_single_nalu(stream_info, h264, timestamp, seq)
--write_to_file(stream_info, h264:tvb()():string(), true, timestamp, seq, true)
write_to_file(stream_info, ((version_num >= 5.2) and h264:tvb():raw() or h264:tvb()():string()), true, timestamp, seq, true)
end
-- STAP-A: one rtp payload contains more than one NALUs
local function process_stap_a(stream_info, h264, timestamp, seq)
local h264tvb = h264:tvb()
local offset = 1
local i = 1
repeat
local size = h264tvb(offset,2):uint()
--write_to_file(stream_info, h264tvb(offset+2, size):string(), true, timestamp, i, true)
write_to_file(stream_info, ((version_num >= 5.2) and h264tvb:raw(offset+2, size) or h264tvb(offset+2, size):string()), true, timestamp, i, true)
offset = offset + 2 + size
i = i + 1
until offset >= h264tvb:len()
end
-- FU-A: one rtp payload contains only one part of a NALU (might be begin, middle and end part of a NALU)
local function process_fu_a(stream_info, h264, timestamp, seq)
local h264tvb = h264:tvb()
local fu_idr = h264:get_index(0)
local fu_hdr = h264:get_index(1)
local end_of_nalu = (bit.band(fu_hdr, 0x40) ~= 0)
if bit.band(fu_hdr, 0x80) ~= 0 then
-- start bit is set then save nalu header and body
local nalu_hdr = bit.bor(bit.band(fu_idr, 0xE0), bit.band(fu_hdr, 0x1F))
--write_to_file(stream_info, string.char(nalu_hdr) .. h264tvb(2):string(), true, timestamp, seq, end_of_nalu)
write_to_file(stream_info, string.char(nalu_hdr) .. ((version_num >= 5.2) and h264tvb:raw(2) or h264tvb(2):string()), true, timestamp, seq, end_of_nalu)
else
-- start bit not set, just write part of nalu body
--write_to_file(stream_info, h264tvb(2):string(), false, timestamp, seq, end_of_nalu)
write_to_file(stream_info, ((version_num >= 5.2) and h264tvb:raw(2) or h264tvb(2):string()), false, timestamp, seq, end_of_nalu)
end
end
-- call this function if a packet contains h264 payload
function my_h264_tap.packet(pinfo,tvb)
if stream_infos == nil then
-- not triggered by button event, so do nothing.
return
end
local h264s = { f_h264() } -- using table because one packet may contains more than one RTP
local rtps = { f_rtp() }
local rtp_seqs = { f_rtp_seq() }
local rtp_timestamps = { f_rtp_timestamp() }
for i,h264_f in ipairs(h264s) do
if h264_f.len < 2 then
return
end
--local h264 = h264_f.value -- is ByteArray, it only works for 1.10.1 or early version
--local h264 = h264_f.range:bytes() -- according to user-guide.chm, there is a bug of fieldInfo.value, so we have to convert it to TVB range first
local h264 = (version_num >= 5.2) and h264_f.range:bytes() or h264_f.value
local hdr_type = bit.band(h264:get_index(0), 0x1F)
local stream_info = get_stream_info(pinfo)
--twappend(string.format("hdr_type=%X %d", hdr_type, hdr_type))
--twappend("bytearray=" .. tostring(h264))
--twappend("byterange=" .. tostring(h264_f.range):upper())
-- search the RTP timestamp and sequence of this H264
local timestamp = -1
local seq = -1
-- debug begin
local rtplen = -1
local preh264_foffset = -1
local prertp_foffset = -1
local preh264len = -1
-- debug end
if drop_uncompleted_frame then
local matchx = 0;
for j,rtp_f in ipairs(rtps) do
if h264_f.offset > rtp_f.offset and h264_f.offset - rtp_f.offset <= 16 and h264_f.offset+h264_f.len <= rtp_f.offset+rtp_f.len then
-- debug begin
--if h264_f.offset > rtp_f.offset and h264_f.offset < rtp_f.offset+rtp_f.len then
matchx = matchx + 1
if matchx > 1 then
print_seq_error(stream_info, "ASS seq=" .. seq .. " timestamp=" .. timestamp .. " rtplen=" .. rtplen .. " rtpoff=" .. prertp_foffset .. " h264off=" .. preh264_foffset .. " h264len=" .. preh264len .. " |matched=" .. matchx .. " New seq=" .. rtp_seqs[j].value .. " timestamp=" .. rtp_timestamps[j].value .. " rtplen=" .. rtp_f.len .." rtpoff=" .. rtp_f.offset .. " h264off=" .. h264_f.offset .. " h264.len=" .. h264_f.len)
end
-- debug end
seq = rtp_seqs[j].value
timestamp = rtp_timestamps[j].value
-- debug begin
rtplen = rtp_f.len
preh264_foffset = h264_f.offset
prertp_foffset = rtp_f.offset
preh264len = h264_f.len
-- debug end
break
end
end
end
if hdr_type > 0 and hdr_type < 24 then
-- Single NALU
process_single_nalu(stream_info, h264, timestamp, seq)
elseif hdr_type == 24 then
-- STAP-A Single-time aggregation
process_stap_a(stream_info, h264, timestamp, seq)
elseif hdr_type == 28 then
-- FU-A
process_fu_a(stream_info, h264, timestamp, seq)
else
twappend("Error: unknown type=" .. hdr_type .. " ; we only know 1-23(Single NALU),24(STAP-A),28(FU-A)!")
end
end
end
-- close all open files
local function close_all_files()
if stream_infos then
local no_streams = true
for id,stream in pairs(stream_infos) do
if stream and stream.file then
if stream.frame_buffer then
local p = stream.frame_buffer
while p do
sort_and_write(stream, p)
p = p.next
end
stream.frame_buffer = nil
stream.frame_buffer_size = 0
end
stream.file:flush()
stream.file:close()
twappend("File [" .. stream.filename .. "] generated OK!\n")
stream.file = nil
no_streams = false
end
end
if no_streams then
twappend("Not found any H.264 over RTP streams!")
end
end
end
function my_h264_tap.reset()
-- do nothing now
end
local function remove()
my_h264_tap:remove()
end
tw:set_atclose(remove)
local function export_h264(drop_frame)
pgtw = ProgDlg.new("Export H264 to File Process", "Dumping H264 data to file...")
first_run = true
drop_uncompleted_frame = drop_frame
stream_infos = {}
-- first time it runs for counting h.264 packets and finding SPS and PPS
retap_packets()
first_run = false
-- second time it runs for saving h264 data to target file.
retap_packets()
close_all_files()
-- close progress window
pgtw:close()
stream_infos = nil
end
local function export_all()
export_h264(false)
end
local function export_completed_frames()
export_h264(true)
end
tw:add_button("Export All", export_all)
tw:add_button("Export Completed Frames (Drop uncompleted frames)", export_completed_frames)
end
-- Find this feature in menu "Tools->"Export H264 to file [HQX's plugins]""
register_menu("Export H264 to file [HQX's plugins]", export_h264_to_file, MENU_TOOLS_UNSORTED)
end
http://blog.csdn.net/volvetandanny/article/details/47087641
http://blog.csdn.net/jasonhwang/article/details/7359095#
链接中的脚本应该是比较旧，用不起来，SPS不正确，使用2015版才行。
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