表示数值的字符串

题目描述

请实现一个函数用来判断字符串是否表示数值（包括整数和小数）。例如，字符串"+100","5e2","-123","3.1416"和"-1E-16"都表示数值。 但是"12e","1a3.14","1.2.3","+-5"和"12e+4.3"都不是。

<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">#include <iostream></span>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

void scanDigits(char **string)
{
	while(**string != '\0' && **string >= '0' && **string <= '9')
		(*string)++;
}

bool isExponential(char **string)
{
	if(**string != 'e' && **string != 'E')
		return false;

	++(*string);

	if(**string == '+' || **string == '-')
		++(*string);

	if(**string == '\0')
		return false;

	scanDigits(string);

	return **string == '\0';
}

bool isNumeric(char *string)
{
	if(string == NULL)
		return false;

	if(*string == '+' || *string == '-')
		++string;

	if(*string == '\0')
		return false;

	bool numeric = true;

	scanDigits(&string);
	if(*string != '\0')
	{
		if(*string == '.')
		{
			++string;
			scanDigits(&string);
			if(*string == 'e' || *string == 'E')
				numeric = isExponential(&string);
		}else if(*string == 'e' || *string == 'E')
			numeric = isExponential(&string);
		else
			numeric = false;
	}
	return numeric && *string == '\0';
}

// ==================== Test Code ====================

void Test(char* testName, char* string, bool expected)
{
    if(testName != NULL)
        printf("%s begins: ", testName);

    if(isNumeric(string) == expected)
        printf("Passed.\n");
    else
        printf("FAILED.\n");
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    Test("Test1", "100", true);
    Test("Test2", "123.45e+6", true);
    Test("Test3", "+500", true);
    Test("Test4", "5e2", true);
    Test("Test5", "3.1416", true);
    Test("Test6", "600.", true);
    Test("Test7", "-.123", true);
    Test("Test8", "-1E-16", true);
    Test("Test9", "1.79769313486232E+308", true);

    printf("\n\n");

    Test("Test10", "12e", false);
    Test("Test11", "1a3.14", false);
    Test("Test12", "1+23", false);
    Test("Test13", "1.2.3", false);
    Test("Test14", "+-5", false);
    Test("Test15", "12e+5.4", false);

	return 0;
}