多态的学习

• 多态的好处：
  1、组织结构清晰
  2、可读性强
  3、对于前期和后期扩展以及维护性高

• 多态使用条件
  父类指针或引用指向子类

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<string>

//利用普通写法进行不同操作，会在出现bug时修改代码，可读性差
class Calculator
{
public:

    int getResult(string oper)
    {
        if(oper=="+")
        {
            return m_Num1+m_Num2;
        }
        else if(oper=="-")
        {
            return m_Num1-m_Num2;
        }
        else if(oper=="*")
        {
            return m_Num1*m_Num2;
        }
    }
    int m_Num1;
    int m_Num2;
};

void test01()
{
    Calculator c;
    c.m_Num1 = 10;
    c.m_Num2 = 20;

    cout <<c.getResult("+")<<endl;
    cout <<c.getResult("-")<<endl;
    cout <<c.getResult("*")<<endl;
}

//在真实开发中 提倡 开闭原则
//对扩展进行开放 对修改进行关闭

//利用多态实现计算器

//多态的好处：
//1、组织结构清晰
//2、可读性强
//3、对于前期和后期扩展以及维护性高

//实现计算机抽象类
class AbstractCalculator
{
 public:
     //虚函数
     virtual int geteResult()
     {
         return 0;
     }
     int m_Num1;
     int m_Num2;
};

//加法运算
class AddCalzulator:public AbstractCalculator
{
public:
    int geteResult()
     {
         return m_Num1+m_Num2;
     }
};

//减法运算
class SubCalzulator:public AbstractCalculator
{
public:
    int geteResult()
     {
         return m_Num1-m_Num2;
     }
};

//乘法运算
class MulCalzulator:public AbstractCalculator
{
public:
    int geteResult()
     {
         return m_Num1*m_Num2;
     }
};

void test02()
{
    //多态使用条件
    //父类指针或引用指向子类

    AbstractCalculator *abc = new AddCalzulator;//相当于创建了一个AddCalculator的对象，AbstractCalculator的abc指针指向这个对象
    abc->m_Num1 = 90;
    abc->m_Num2 = 8;
    cout << abc->geteResult() <<endl;
    delete abc;

    abc = new SubCalzulator;//销毁了abc的堆区数据，指针类型不变
    abc->m_Num1 = 90;
    abc->m_Num2 = 8;
    cout << abc->geteResult() <<endl;
    delete abc;

    abc = new MulCalzulator;
    abc->m_Num1 = 90;
    abc->m_Num2 = 8;
    cout << abc->geteResult() <<endl;
    delete abc;
}

int main()
{
    //test01();
    test02();
    return 0;
}